Download Ancient World Ch. 6

Chapter 6
Ancient
Greece
The Rise of Greek Civilization
I.
Geographic
Setting
–A. Peninsula – area
of land surrounded
by water on three
sides
The Rise of Greek Civilization
–B. Landforms
mostly mountains
1. only small
patches of
farmland
The Rise of Greek Civilization
–C. Was difficult
for communities to
get together due
to geography
The Rise of Greek Civilization
1.
Each had its
own customs and
way of life
2. Much fighting
amongst Greeks
The Rise of Greek Civilization
II.
Greek Beginnings
–A. Had many
stories that
explained origins of
things
The Rise of Greek Civilization
–B. Trojan War
1. war between
Greece and city of
Troy
2. many stories
came about
The Rise of Greek Civilization
3.
Epic – a long
poem that tells a
story
–a. ex: the
Odyssey and the
Iliad by Homer
The Rise of Greek Civilization
–b. epics taught
about gods and
heroes
The Rise of Greek Civilization
–C. The Dark Ages
1. Lasted from
early 1100s B.C. to
750 B.C.
2. Civilization
collapsed
The Rise of Greek Civilization
3.
Little trade
and much
poverty
4. Art of writing
disappeared
The Rise of Greek Civilization
5.
Depended on
oral traditions to
keep traditions
and history alive
The Rise of Greek Civilization
6.
Not all bad
–a. families
resettled where
they could grow
crops
The Rise of Greek Civilization
–b. acropolis – a
high, rocky hill
on or near which
early people
built cities
The Rise of Greek Civilization
III.
Governing the
City-States
–A. Cities began to
develop
The Rise of Greek Civilization
1.
City states – a
city with its own
traditions and its own
government and laws;
both a city and a
separate independent
state
The Rise of Greek Civilization
–B. Aristocracy
1. Most city-states
ruled by aristocrats
–a. a member of a
rich and powerful
family
The Rise of Greek Civilization
–C. A new type of
ruler
a. Middle class
develops and
grows
The Rise of Greek Civilization
b.
Replaced
rulers with
tyrants
The Rise of Greek Civilization
–1. Tyrant - A ruler
who takes power
with the support
of the middle and
working classes
–2. not necessarily
cruel or violent
The Rise of Greek Civilization
–D. Democracy
1. People
overthrew harsh
tyrants
The Rise of Greek Civilization
2.
Democracy – a
form of
government in
which the people
govern themselves
The Rise of Greek Civilization
3.
Solon
reformed laws
–a. known for his
fairness
The Rise of Greek Civilization
–b. laws reformed
economy and
government
–c. became more
democratic
The Rise of Greek Civilization
4.
Not all
benefited
–a. 1 in 5
Athenians were
citizens
The Rise of Greek Civilization
–b. slaves,
women, and
foreigners
didn’t take
part
Greek Religion, Philosophy, and
Literature
I.
The Golden Age
–A. Lasted from
479 to 431 B.C.
–B. Athens grew
rich from trade,
mining
Greek Religion, Philosophy, and
Literature
–C. Tribute – a
payment made by
a less powerful
state or nation to a
more powerful one
Greek Religion, Philosophy and
Literature
–D. Pericles –
Athenian leader
who contributed to
the development of
democracy and
architecture
Greek Religion, Philosophy and
Literature
1.
from an
aristocratic family
2. most powerful
man in politics
3. supported
democracy
Greek Religion, Philosophy and
Literature
II.
The Flourishing
Arts
–A. Pericles rebuilt
the Acropolis
–B. Architecture
Greek Religion, Philosophy and
Literature
1.
Parthenon –
a temple
dedicated to the
goddess Athena
Greek Religion, Philosophy and
Literature
–a. full of action
–b. show balance
and order
–c. lifelike and
accurate
Greek Religion, Philosophy and
Literature
III.
Knowledge
–A. Belief in gods
–B. Immortal –
someone or
something that lives
forever
Greek Religion, Philosophy and
Literature
1.
12 gods led
by Zeus
2. worshiped
many lesser ones
Greek Religion, Philosophy and
Literature
–C. Science and
Philosophy
1. Philosopher –
someone who uses
reason to understand
the world
Greek Religion, Philosophy and
Literature
–a. used reason to
explain natural
events
–b. went against
religion and
teachings of gods
Greek Religion, Philosophy and
Literature
2.
Socrates –
One of the
greatest
philosophers
Greek Religion, Philosophy and
Literature
–a. frightened
many - was
sentenced to
death
Greek Religion, Philosophy and
Literature
–D. Greek
Drama
1. Athenians
were first to
write dramas
Greek Religion, Philosophy and
Literature
2.
tragedy – a
serious drama
that ends in
disaster for the
main character
Greek Religion, Philosophy and
Literature
3.
comedy – a
type of theater
that made fun of
citizens,
politicians, and
traditions
Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks
Agora – a public
market and
meeting place in
Ancient Greece.

Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks
I.
Greek Men
–A. Had the rights
of citizens such as
voting and holding
office
Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks
–B. Owned
property
–C. Were given an
education
Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks
II.
Greek
Women
–A. Expected to
stay at home
Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks
–B. Could not
take part in
politics
–C. Could not
vote
Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks
–D. Could not own
property
–E. Could be
priestesses in
religious groups
Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks
–F. Ran the home
and family
–G. Kept track of
the family finances
Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks
–H. Were
responsible for
training and
caring for slaves
Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks
III.
Slaves
–A. About 1/3 of
the population
were slaves
Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks
–B. Captured by
armies, by
pirates, or
children of
slaves
Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks
–C. Were
foreigners – Greeks
uncomfortable
owning other
Greeks
Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks
–D. Worked on
farms, in mines,
for artisans, and
in the household
Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks
IV.
Homes
–A. made of mud
bricks and had
courtyards
Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks
–B. Water had to be
carried from a public
fountain
–C. Ate mostly
breads and only
meat during festivals
Athens and Sparta
 I.
Definitions
A. Blockage - the cutting
off of an area by enemy
forces that closes it to
travel and trade
Athens and Sparta
B.
Plague – a widespread
disease
C.
Helot – a slave in
Sparta
Athens and Sparta
 D.
Sparta – a city-state in
southern Greece that was
dedicated to war
 E.
Persia – a large empire that
tried to conquer Greece but was
defeated
Athens and Sparta
F.
Marathon – the site of a
famous battle in which the
Greeks defeated the Persians
G.
Pericles – died from the
plague in 429 B.C.
Athens and Sparta
II.
Life in Sparta
–A. Put Sparta’s needs first
– not your own
–B. Harsh and cruel life
Athens and Sparta
–C. Training for war –
skilled warriors
–D. Sparta lacked beauty
and pleasures of Athens
Athens and Sparta
 III.
Persian Invasion
–A. Persians invaded Greece
–B. Athenians defeated
Persians (Battle of Marathon)
Athens and Sparta
IV.
Athenian Empire
–A. Treated other city-states
unfairly
–B. Used tributes for
Athens; not for protection
Athens and Sparta
–C. Sparta and Athens
fought (Peloponnesian War)
–D. Athens struck by plague
Athens and Sparta
–E. Sparta staged
blockade
–F. Athens defeated
The Spread of Greek Culture
I.
Definitions
–A. Assassinate – to murder
for political reasons
The Spread of Greek Culture
–B. Barbarian – a person
considered to be wild and
uncivilized
–C. Alexandria – learning
capital of the Greek world; had
the largest library
The Spread of Greek Culture
–D. Hellenistic – describing
Greek culture after the
death of Alexander the
Great; includes the 3 main
kingdoms formed by the
breakup of Alexander’s
empire
The Spread of Greek Culture
–E. Alexander the Great
– son of King Philip
- conquered Persia
and Egypt and
invaded
India
- spread Hellenism
The Spread of Greek Culture
–F. King Philip
–King of Macedonia
–Seized power in 359
B.C.
–Conquered the Greek
city-states
The Spread of Greek Culture
Archimedes
- used
levers and pulleys to life
heavy objects
The Spread of Greek Culture
Euclid
developed
geometry
The Spread of Greek Culture
Erastosthenes
-
calculated the
distance around the
earth