Download Circulatory System

Chapter 3
Physical Activity
and Fitness
Lesson 3
Exploring the
Circulatory System
Teacher’s notes are available in the notes
section of this presentation.
Next >>
In this lesson, you will be able to
 identify the structure and functions of the circulatory system.
 describe how blood circulates through the body.
 recognize how to care for your circulatory system.
In Class Activity
Read textbook pages 71-72
In your notebook copy the 6 vocabulary words
highlighted in yellow and their definition which is in
italics
– Leave space to take notes
The group of organs and tissues that act as
 circulatory system transfer stations carrying needed materials
to cells and removing their waste products
 arteries
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the
heart to various parts of the body
 veins
Blood vessels that carry blood from all parts
of the body back to the heart
 capillaries
Tiny blood vessels that carry blood to and
from almost all body cells and connect
arteries and veins
 pulmonary
circulation
When blood travels from the heart, through
the lungs, and back to the heart
 systemic
circulation
When oxygen-rich blood travels to all body
tissues except the lungs
 blood pressure
The force of blood pushing against the walls
of the blood vessels
The circulatory system includes the heart, the blood
vessels and the blood.
circulatory system The group of organs and tissues that act as
transfer stations carrying needed materials to
cells and removing their waste products
Is also called the cardiovascular system
cardio refers to the heart
vascular refers to the blood vessels.
Your Heart and Blood Vessels
The Heart
a muscle that acts as a pump for
the circulatory system

blood is pumped from the heart to the
body’s cells – back to the heart

usually beats from 60 to 100 times per
minute

can go much faster when it needs to

It beats about 100,000 times a day
 more than 30 million times per year
 about 2.5 billion times in a 70-year
lifetime.
The Chambers of the Heart
The Chambers of the Heart
Atrium
 One of the two upper
chambers of the heart …
a receiving chamber
 Right atrium receives blood
from the body
 Oxygen poor blood
 Left atrium receives blood
from the lungs
 Oxygen rich blood
The Chambers of the Heart
Ventricle
 One of two lower chambers of the
heart
a pumping chamber
 Right ventricle sends (pumps) blood
to the lungs
 oxygen poor blood
 Left ventricle sends (pumps) blood to
the body
 oxygen rich blood to the body
Septum
 Separates the two sides of the heart
 the right and left side
Heart Valves
Blood Vessels
 tubes that carry blood throughout the body
 blood is pumped, by the heart to the body’s cells through
blood vessels
 3 Types of Blood Vessels are:
 Artery
 Vein
 Capillaries
The heart pumps blood around the body through
a network of arteries, veins, and capillaries.
arteries Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to
various parts of the body
veins Blood vessels that carry blood from all parts of the body
back to the heart
capillaries Tiny blood vessels that carry blood to and from almost
all body cells and connect arteries and veins
Arteries
 Tubes that carry blood away from heart to body’s cells
 usually oxygen rich blood
 Aorta is the main artery of the body
 oxygen rich blood leaves the heart through the aorta
 Pulmonary Arteries tubes that carry blood from the heart to
the lungs
 oxygen poor blood
 the only arteries that are oxygen poor
 blood rich in carbon dioxide
Veins
 Tubes that carry blood toward the heart from the body’s cells
 brings this blood back to heart/lungs to get more oxygen
 usually oxygen poor blood
Pulmonary Veins
 Veins that carry blood from the lungs back to the heart
 oxygen rich blood
 the only veins that are oxygen rich
In Class Activity
Read textbook pages 73-76
In your notebook copy the 2 vocabulary words
highlighted in yellow and their definition which is in
italics
– Leave space to take notes
What Makes Up Your Blood?
What Makes Up Your Blood?
Blood is made up of plasma, red blood cells, white
blood cells, and platelets.
plasma The yellowish, watery part of blood
Plasma makes up over half the volume of blood.
What Makes Up Your Blood?
job is to transport nutrients, hormones,
minerals and blood cells
92% of plasma is water
Plasma
White Blood Cells
Red Blood Cells
The body’s main
defense against
germs and bacteria.
Helps destroy disease
germs
Carries oxygen to the cells
throughout the body
&
Platelets
Blood cells which
help the blood to clot
keeps you from
losing too much
blood when you
bleed
Blood Types
Knowing what blood type you have is important for a
person who may need blood from a donor during surgery.
Red blood cells are one of four types: A, B, AB, or O.
Some blood types are compatible
and others are not compatible.
Most people’s blood contains a substance called an
Rh factor, a type of protein.
 People who have an Rh-factor in their blood are called Rh-positive.
 Rh negative people do not have this substance in their blood.
 Rh-negative people can only receive blood donations from people
who are Rh-negative.
 Rh-positive people can receive blood donations from either Rhpositive or Rh-negative donors.
Blood Types and Compatibility
Type
O-negative
is call a universal donor
O
Type
Type
A
B
Type
AB
The Process of Circulation
The process of circulation involves pulmonary
circulation and systemic circulation.
pulmonary refers to the lungs
systemic relates to the body
pulmonary circulation When blood travels from the heart, through
the lungs, and back to the heart
systemic circulation When oxygen-rich blood travels to all body
tissues except the lungs
The oxygen-rich blood also delivers other nutrients to the cells
and picks up waste products from the cells
Blood Pressure
A certain amount of blood pressure is needed to
make blood circulate.
blood pressure The force of blood pushing against the walls
of the blood vessels
Blood Pressure
A blood pressure reading
measures two numbers.
example 110/70
The first is systolic pressure
and the second is diastolic
pressure.
blood pressure The force of blood pushing against the walls of the
blood vessels
Systolic pressure:
first number – 110
When the heart contracts
pushing the blood out and into
the arteries
Diastolic pressure:
second number – 70
When the heart relaxes (between
heart beats) to refill with blood
Heart Rate is how many times the heart
beats per minute.
With exercise
Resting Heart Rate
After exercise
– recovery
Caring for Your Circulatory System
Tips for Caring for Your Circulatory System
Make aerobic activity a habit.
Follow a balanced food plan that is low in fats.
Develop strategies for managing stress.
Avoid using tobacco.
Caring for Your Circulatory System
Make aerobic activity a habit.
Improves cardiovascular endurance, which helps the circulatory
system
Increases the heart’s capacity to pump blood
Muscles receive more oxygen
Lessens fatty buildup in arteries
Helps achieve a healthy weight, which means the heart doesn’t
have to work too hard
Caring for Your Circulatory System
Follow a balanced food plan that is low in fats.
A good diet can help prevent clogged vessels,
high blood pressure and other problems




Salty foods can raise blood pressure and cause heart disease
Foods high in saturated fat can clogged blood vessels
Too much cholesterol can lead to heart disease
Too much caffeine can cause the heart to beat rapidly or irregularly
Caring for Your Circulatory System
Develop strategies for managing stress.
Stress can strain the heart and blood vessels
Heart beats faster when a person is experiencing stress
Avoid using tobacco.
Tobacco narrows the blood vessels,
cutting down the oxygen supply
Don’t smoke – Stay away from second hand smoke
 Carbon monoxide from smoke reduces the amount of oxygen that the
blood carries
 So the body organs receive less oxygen from blood

Nicotine increases heart rate
 Nicotine causes blood vessels to become narrow
 Narrow blood vessels make the heart pump harder to move blood through the body
 This strains the heart … causes heart attacks
CANCER AND HEART DISEASE ARE CAUSED BY SMOKING
IT MAY TAKE YEARS TO DEVELOP
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Identify What is the function of the circulatory system?
It carries the needed materials to cells and
removes their waste products
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Vocabulary Define blood pressure.
Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing
against the walls of blood vessels.
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Explain Why can’t certain blood types be combined?
because the red blood cells will clump
together and block the blood vessel
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Distinguish What is the difference between
pulmonary and systemic circulation?
Pulmonary circulation moves blood back and forth between
the heart and lungs.
Systemic circulation moves blood back and forth between
the heart and the rest of the body except the lungs.
Lesson 3 Review
Thinking Critically
Infer Why do you think a blood pressure reading is
part of a typical medical checkup?
High blood pressure is harmful to the
cardiovascular system.
Lesson 3 Review
Thinking Critically
Apply In what ways do you think building
cardiovascular endurance now will benefit you
later in life?
Sample answer: It will make your heart stronger
and help prevent fatty buildup in your arteries.
End of
Chapter 3
Physical Activity
and Fitness
Lesson 3
Exploring the
Circulatory System
Click for:
>> Main Menu
>> Chapter 3 Assessment