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Chapter 12 Cranium Part 1 Cranial Bones • Skull = ___________________ • _______________ (8 bones) – Area that surrounds and protects the brain. – _______________________ – Floor Calvaria • _____________ • ___________ (Right and Left) • ____________ Frontal Bone • _______________ (Vertical) Portion – Forehead • _______________(Horizontal) Portion – Superior Orbits Frontal Bone Squamous • ________________ – Area between eyebrows • ________________ – Depression above eyebrows • _________________ – Superior rim of orbit • __________________ – Ridge beneath eyebrow Frontal Bone Orbital • __________________ – Superior portion of each orbit • _________________ – Separates orbital plate • Articulates with 4 _____________ – Right and left parietals, sphenoid, ethmoid Parietal Bones • Forms the ________________calvaria. • Articulates with 5 ________________ – Frontal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, parietal Occipital Bone • _______________ portion of the calvaria. • Squamous Portion • _______________________________ – Prominent bump on the back of head. Occipital • _________________ – Hole for spinal cord • ____________________– Articulating surface on each side of foramen magnum. • Articulates with 6 bones – 2 parietals, 2 temporals, sphenoid, atlas Cranial Floor • _______________ (Right and Left) • _______________ • _______________ Temporal Bone • Lateral aspect of skull. • 3 Portions – _____________ – _____________ – _____________ Temporal Squamous Portion • Vertical aspect and very thin. • _______________________ – Articulates with Zygoma – TMJ Temporal Mastoid Portion • Posterior to ____________ • ___________________ • Mastoid Tip Temporal Petrous Portion • ____________________________ • ___________________ – Petrous Ridges • ______________________ – Opening for the nerves of hearing and equilibrium • ____________Process Sphenoid • Centrally located. ______________cranial bones. • ____________________ – Houses __________________ – __________– Posterior wall of sella – _____ – Depression posterior to dorsum sella. – Posterior clinoid – Anterior clinoid Sphenoid • _________________ – Anterior clinoid • ________________ – Forms portion of floor and walls of cranium Sphenoid • ___________________ – Lateral downward projections • ____________________ – Medial downward projections • ___________________ – Process off of medial pterygoid Sphenoid Foramen • Foramen _____________ • Foramen ____________ • Foramen _____________ Sphenoid Optic Components • ____________________ – Groove between Anterior body and lesser wings • ___________________ – Hole between anterior body and lesser wings • ___________________ – Space lateral to optic foramen between lesser and greater wings Ethmoid Bone • Small bone lying primarily below floor of cranium. • Articulates with 2 cranial bones. • _________________ – Horizontal portion • ________________ – Superior projection from cribiform plate into frontal bone More Ethmoid • _________________ – Downward projection forms nasal septum • ___________________ – Suspend from cribiform • ___________________ – Downward projection from labyrinth Sutures • Areas of cranial fusion – Synarthrodial • _______________ – Fuses Parietal to Frontal bone • _______________ – Fuses right and left Parietal • ________________ – Fuses Parietal to Occipital • _________________ – Fuses Parietal to Temporal Fontanels Membrane area as a Child • Anterior • Posterior • Sphenoid (2) • Mastoid (2) Suture Articulations Adult • _______________ – Frontal and parietals • _______________ – Occipital and parietals • _______________ – GW of sphenoid, temporal, parietal, frontal • ________________ – Temporal, occipital, parietal
