Download notes

Clash of East vs. West: The Persian Wars
I.
Notable Differences Between Persian Empire & Greek City States
Persians
II.
Greeks
Cause of First Persian War (492
a. Ionian Greeks lived . . .
b. 499 BC – Ionian Greeks rebelled against client king’s rule =>
c. Persians reasserted control by _________ BC =>
i. Darius sent …
ii. Successful naval campaign captured several island city-states
iii. Next target was to punish __________________
1. Persian army about . . .
2. Athenian army about . . .
d. Battle of Marathon, 490 BC
i. Persian camp was on _________________
ii. Persian warships were _____________________
iii. Greeks assembled for battle =>
iv. Greeks performed _________________________ envelopment =>
v. Persian navy launched . . .
vi. Many Persian soldiers ___________________ in water, trying to get to boats
e. First Persian War Aftermath
i. For the first time, all Greeks were unified …
ii. Xerxes assumed power and prepared …
III.
Second Persian War (480-479 BC)
a. Xerxes invaded Greece
i. Huge army, drawn from all over empire, brought together
1. Accuracy of troop numbers: Herodutus (contemporary): up to _____ million!
2. Modern estimates, based on supply limitations: __________________
ii. Herodutus claimed Persians had a fleet of over ___________ ships (probably more accurate)
iii. Crossed Hellespont …
b. Met Spartans in battle at ________________________
i. King Leoniadas of Sparta led _________ Spartiates and …
ii. Purpose =>
iii. For three days . . .
iv. A Greek traitor showed Persians . . .
v. Greeks were attacked from surrounded and __________________________
c. Persians marched on Athens and …
d. Xerxes brought up fleet to destroy Athenian navy =>
e. Battle of Salamis
i. Outnumbered Greeks …
ii. Lured Persians into narrow straits =>
iii. Following defeat, Xerxes . . .
IV.
Significance of Persian Wars
a. Greek victory allowed . . .
b. Western philosophy, art culture . . .
c. Persian victory would have snuffed out idea of _________________________
d. Persian victory would have . . .