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Chapter Three
Beat,
Accent,
and Tempo
Elements of Music
•Rhythm
•Melody (pitch)
•Harmony (chords)
•Sound (timbre)
•Shape (form)
Rhythm
 The
 The
motion of music through Time
combination of long and short
sounds
Beat
•A regular pulse used to measure time
•The beat is usually sounded by
percussion or low pitched instruments or
voices; however, the beat is still there
even when it is not sounded. (But
remember, not all music has a beat.)
Steady Beat
Unsteady Beat
How to talk about beats
Tempo--the speed of the beat
measured in beats per minute.
(“mm” means “metronome marking”
which equals “beats per minute”)
Slow—Largo
80mm
Medium—Andante
100mm
Fast—Allegro
120mm
Tempo
Regular tempo
with beat
Radetzky March
Johann Strauss Jr
Tempo
Irregular tempo, no beat

Quem Quaeritis- Resurrexi
Tempo
 Gradual
Increase = Accelerando
 Gradual Decrease = Ritardondo

Edvard Grieg

In the Hall of the Mountain King
(Also example of crescendo)
Accent
An accent is an emphasized beat
 either by playing notes on a beat louder or
by putting notes off the beat

Syncopation- Accenting normally unaccented
beats or notes that are off the beat.
No Syncopation
Syncopation
Swing Rhythm
Swing is a form of
syncopation.
Duke Ellington
--Searchin’
Powwow
Powwow--A gathering of
members of the numerous
Native American tribes for
singing, dancing, competition,
and community.
Powwow Music
The Drum-
circle of singers and drummers
•Drum Keeper
•Drum Warmer
•Lead Singer
Vocables-
syllables without linguistic meaning
Honor Beats-
accented beats to honor the
Creator and the warriors
Typical Powwow
•Gourd Dance--informal social dances
•Grand Entry--beginning of formal
dances
•Flag Song--honoring the American flag
Typical Powwow
•The Blessing- a prayer for the powwow
•Memorial Prayer Song--for recently
departed tribal members
•Round Dances and Intertribal
Dances--dances for large groups such as
War Dance
Typical Powwow
•Competition Dances--competition for
solo dancers
•The Giveaway-- gifts are given to the
participants or individuals in need of
assistance
Ceremonial Music-- The Grand Entry

Order of Entrants



Honor Guard
(Dignitaries)
Head Male Dancers
Head Female
Dancers

Tribal Princesses

Honored Guests
•Songs and Singers
•The Drum
•Players
•The Head Singer
•Song Structure
•Leader
•2nd Voice
•Honor Beats (3)
•2nd Chorus
•Structure Repeated 4 or 5 times