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Biology 20
Unit 2 test
Ecosystems and Populations Change
Name:
Date:
Part one: Fill in the blanks/Multiple Choice [20 points total] (1 Point for each blank space)
Fill in the blanks in the statements below using terminology and information from Unit 2 we have
discussed in class.
1. A
is a group of individuals that can reproduce to make fertile offspring
a.
b.
c.
d.
Community
Population
Species
Ecosystem
2. Which of the following is an abiotic factor in an aquatic ecosystem
a. Water temperature
b. Fish populations present
c. Amount of algae present
d. Types of grasses on shore
3. A bat's wing and a beetles wing are examples of
a. Homologous structures
b. Artificial selection
c. Variation
d. Analogous structures
4. Which of these scientist's theories focussed on the role of the individual in evolution?
a. Wallace
b. Darwin
c. Lamarck
d. Cuvier
5.
refer to the places organisms live and their role in that place.
a. Niche
b. Community
c. Variation
d. Habitat
6. Which of the following is a biotic factor in a land based ecosystem?
a. Hours of sunlight in a day
b. Types of grasses present
c. Air quality
d. Soil composition
7. The study of how to sort species into meaningful groups is .
a. Binomial nomenclature
b. Taxonomy
c. Natural history
d. Biogeography
8. Which of the following one of the types of evidence for evolution we discussed?
a. Fossil record
b. Biogeography
c. Embryology
d. All of the above
9. The most recent type of climate information we collect is based on the thickness of
a. Tree rings
b. Ice layers
c. Soil coverage
d. Ozone
10. The process by which new species are created is called
a. Variation
b. Diversification
c. Sexual Reproduction
d. Speciation
.
11. The collection of all the individuals of a species in an area of the planet is called.
a. Biosphere
b. Population
c. Community
d. None of the above
12.
is a modern theory on the pace of evolution which emphasizes slow gradual changes
a. Evolution by Natural Selection
b. Gradualism
c. Punctuated Equilibrium
d. Lamarckian Inheritance
13. Darwin is most famous for his studies of
a. Pigeons in the British Isles
b. Finches in the Galapagos
c. Coral islands in the South Pacific
d. Platypus in Australia
.
.
14. The fact that species on remote islands most closely resemble species on the closest large land mass
is an example of
as evidence for evolution.
a. Fossil Record
b. Homologous structures
c. Embryology
d. Biogeography
15. Barriers which stop organisms from different species from mating are called
a. Pre-zygotic barriers
b. Post zygotic Barriers
c. Reproductive Barriers
d. Geographic Barriers
.
16. A behaviour, structure, or physiological process that helps an organism survive and reproduce in a
particular environment is called
.
a. A variation
b. An adaptation
c. evolution
d. A mutation
17. Biological diversity (or biodiversity) refers to
a. all the areas of earth that support life
b. the variety of species in an area and their range of adaptations
c. a variation that helps an individual organism in a population to survive
d. the study of the past and present geographical distribution of species
18. Which list goes from least inclusive (smallest) to most inclusive (biggest)
a. population, species, community, ecosystem
b. individual organism, species, population, community
c. population, ecosystem, biosphere, community
d. individual organism, community, population, biosphere
19. Which list is in order from biggest group to smallest group
a. Phylum, kingdom, domain, genus
b. species, genus, family, order
c. order, family, genus, species
d. domain, kingdom, genus, phylum
20. The mode of speciation in which involves the branching out of one species into many species is
a. Transformation
b. Divergence
c. Simple
d. Complex
.
Part Two: Application Questions
1. How do the different sections of Rocky Acres Farm (coops, livestock pens, rabbit hutches, etc.)
relate to the idea that different species are often best suited to different habitats? Use specific
examples. [3 points, 2 for answer, 1 for organization/readability]
Use the information below to answer questions 2 and 3
2. Give a brief comparison of what homologous and analogous structures are and how they can be
identified using one or more examples from the figure above. [5 marks]
3. What are the 8 levels of groups we talked about in the section on taxonomy, in order. (we talked
about a mnemonic device to help you remember them in order). [8 marks]
4. The two graphs shown below represent different modern takes on the pace of evolution and the
divergence of species. In the space provided, give a 3 sentence explanation of each model and
the differences between the two. [6 marks]
5. The finches above were a big part of Darwin’s original evidence for evolution by natural
selection. Explain how they are relevant to evolution by natural selection and how the layout of
the Galapagos Islands helped encourage their diversity. [6 marks]
Bonus Question [2 marks]
Which two cycles of matter are closely linked through photosynthesis and cellular respiration?