Download Cells and Cell Theory

Cells and Cell Theory
Mr. Porter
Principles of Science
First Sightings of Cells
 Robert
Hooke, 1663, - An English
scientist and inventor, looked at the
structure of cork using his
homemade microscope.
First Sightings of Cells
 Hooke
thought
the spaces in the
cork looked like
tiny rooms so he
called them
“cells”.
First Sightings of Cells
 Anton
van
Leeuwenhoek - a
Dutch
businessman and
amateur scientist
made his own
lenses.
First Sightings of Cells
 He
used them
to look at pond
water and
discovered
many tiny
organisms
which he called
“animalcules”.
First Sightings of Cells
 Matthias
Schleiden, 1838,
a German
scientist,
concluded that
all plants were
made of cells.
First Sightings of Cells
Theodor
Schwann, 1839,
another German
scientist,
concluded that
all animals were
made of cells.
Cell Theory
 Cell
Theory states that:
1) All living things are made of
cells.
2) Cells are the basic unit of
structure and function in living
things.
3) All cells come from other cells.
Types of Cells
– Organisms
whose cells contain
organelles.
Prokaryotes – Organisms
whose cells that do not
contain any organelles,
except ribosomes.
Eukaryotes
Specialized Cells
 In
multi-cellular (more than one
cell) organisms, cells differ a lot in
size and shape based on their
function.
Skin
Nerve
Muscle
Bone
Bacterial Cells
Bacteria
are the only
prokaryote members
The bacteria’s
genetic material is
found in the
cytoplasm;
eukaryotes have it
in their nucleus.
What’s In A Cell?
 Organelles
- tiny structures in the
cell that do special jobs.
Organelles in the cytoplasm
 Cytoplasm
- a clear, thick, gel-like
fluid found between the nucleus
and the cell membrane.
Organelles in the cytoplasm
 Most
cell organelles are found
here.
 These organelles function to:
produce energy
 build and transport needed
materials
 store and recycle wastes.

Cell Membrane
 Cell
membrane found in all types
of cells
1. Separates the
cell from its
environment
2. Protects the cell.
3. Controls what
goes in and out.
Cell Wall
 Cell
walls - rigid layers
of non-living material.
Support & protect cell.
 Allow oxygen & water to
pass through.
 Made of cellulose

Cell Wall
 Cellulose
- a tough,
but flexible material
that make the cell
walls.

Non-digestible
carbohydrate (Fiber)
Venn Diagram
18 Life Science
L.12.B.1 http://rpdp.net/sciencetips_v2/L12B1.htm
Which of the following is present in a typical
plant cell but not in an animal cell?
A. Mitochondria
B. Cell Wall
C. Ribosome
D. Cell Membrane
Southern Nevada Regional Professional Development Program
K-12 Science
22 Life Science
L.12.B.2 http://www.rpdp.net/sciencetips_v2/L12B2.htm
Which of the following is the correct ranking of
organizational hierarchy of organisms from simplest
to most complex?
A. cells, organs, tissues, organ systems, organisms
B. cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms
C. tissues, cells, organs, organ systems, organisms
D. tissues, organs, cells, organ systems, organisms
Southern Nevada Regional Professional Development Program
K-12 Science
Review
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What is the name for the small parts
within a cell that perform specific
functions?
What substance fills the cell?
In eukaryotes, what surrounds the cell?
What is the primary difference between
prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
List 3 functions of the cell
membrane/wall?