Download Bellringer

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Have out your homework!
On a piece of paper, titled “Bellringer 10/25/11”,
please answer the following questions:
 What is an absolute monarch and how did they claim
their power?
 Who is an example of an absolute monarch? Why
does he fit this definition?
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Objective: SWBAT describe the revolutions in
thoughts from the Scientific Revolution and
Enlightenment.
BJOTD: What is brown and sticky?
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What did the Renaissance do?
 The Renaissance sparked interest and curiosity
about many things, allowing people to start to
think for themselves
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What did the Reformation question?
 The Reformation led people to question and
challenge the original views of God, the church,
and salvation
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At the same time as the Reformation…
 Individuals began to challenge the way people
viewed their place in the Universe. This became
known as the Scientific Revolution.
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The Scientific Revolution was a new way of
thinking about the natural world.
Based on:
 careful observation of nature
 a willingness to question widely accepted beliefs
 reason and logic
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Result: the expansion of scientific knowledge
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Scientific Method
 Created by Aristotle
 A logical procedure
for gathering and
testing ideas
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What was the Enlightenment?
 An intellectual movement where enlightenment
thinkers tried to apply reason and scientific
methods to the HUMAN world as well as to the
rest of the natural world
 People wanted to build a society around the ideas
of the Scientific Revolution
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Salons—wealthy women and men would
gather to discuss ideas
Encyclopedias published many
Enlightenment ideas
Pamphlets and newspapers helped to spread
the word about new ideas
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You have 12 minutes to:
 Finish your license plate
 Tape/staple the extra part of the chart to your “People
of the Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment” Chart
 Rearrange the room into two circles: an inner and an
outer circle.
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Objective: SWBAT distinguish individuals from
the SR and Enlightenment based on their
accomplishments and analyze their importance
to society today.
BJOTD: How do we know that policemen are
strong?
By 24, Newton was certain all physical objects
on Earth and in space were equally affected by
the same forces
 His big idea: linking motion in the heaven with
motion on earth
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 Called the Law of Universal Gravitation
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Every object in the Universe attracts every other
object. The amount of attraction depends on the
mass of the object and the distance between
them.
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Did not agree with the geocentric model of
the universe
First to study the idea that the sun was at the
center of the universe
After 25 years, Copernicus proved that the
sun was in the center of the stars and other
planets
Called the heliocentric theory—sun-centered
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Kepler expanded on Copernicus’ ideas—he
wanted to know why and how the planets
orbit the way they do
Proved that the planets revolve around the
sun in elliptical orbits instead of perfect circles
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1609—he used a
telescope to study the
heavens
1610—wrote Starry
Messenger, which
described his
observations
 Confirmed Copernicus’
theory of a heliocentric
universe
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Galileo's ideas went
against the church, so
he was “encouraged”
not to publish his book
Taken to court by the
Church and put to
torture
 Under torture, he lied and
claimed that Copernicus’
ideas were wrong
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Jailed until his death,
but his ideas still spread.
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Wrote On the Motion
of the Heart and Blood
in Animals
Showed the heart acts
as a pump to circulate
the blood throughout
the body
Described the
function of blood
vessels
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Microscope
Edward Jenner invented a vaccine for
Smallpox
First Fahrenheit Thermometer
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Wrote Leviathan
English philosopher
Believed all humans are naturally wicked
Absolute monarchy is the best form of
government
Governments are created to protect people
from their own selfishness
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Wrote Two Treatises on Government
English philosopher
People have the ability to reason and to make
good decisions if given the proper
information
Governments should be formed with the
approval of the people
Governments should exist to protect
individual freedoms and liberties
People, not god, should choose leaders.
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Wrote The Spirit of Laws
French political thinker
A monarchy with limited power makes a
country stable and secure
Developed the idea of “separation of powers”
 Government should be divided or spread out
among different branches of government so no
one individual or group has too much power and
as a result threatens liberty.
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French writer
Believed in:
 Tolerance
 Reason
 Freedom of religion
 Freedom of speech
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Supported the idea of separation of church
and state
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Wrote The Social Contract
Swiss philosopher
Direct Democracy—where people vote in
person to make all laws—was the way to
protect individual freedom
Government should be a contract between
rulers and the people
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Author of Declaration of Independence
All men should be guaranteed life, liberty,
and the pursuit of happiness
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Wrote On Crimes and Punishments
Felt that many parts of the justice system
were unfair:
 Torture
 Secret trials
 Harsh sentences
 Corrupt judges
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His book called for punishments designed to
preserve security and order
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Wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Women
Women should have an education because
it’s the key to gaining equality
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In a paragraph on a separate piece of paper,
please complete the following statement in a
paragraph (5 sentences):
 I feel that__________________ from the
(SR/Enlightenment) has been the most influential in
our world because….
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Stimulated religious tolerance
Helped to start democratic revolutions
around the world
Rise of individualism—thinking for yourself
Rise of a more secular or worldly outlook