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Famines THE GREAT IRISH POTATO FAMINE By: Erica Needels Causes Of Famines Drought Heavy Rainfall Flooding Soil Erosion Diseases and Fungus Economic Strife Political Problems Man’s Influence on Famine • Deforestation • Government Control • War Effects of a Famine Social- widespread poverty and changes in human behavior Political- more government control often results Economic- poverty Environmental- soil is often destroyed Irish Potato Famine Some Facts Occurred between 1845 and 1849 700,000- 1.1 million deaths Known as Europe’s worst agricultural famine Many Irish people emigrated to English-speaking countries, such as the U.S., Canada, Great Britain, New Zealand, and Australia Dependence on the Potato Because of Ireland’s wet climate, the potato grew very well It is nutrient filled, with vitamin C, amino acids, protein, thiamin, and nitric acid Great Britain’s tenant system Growing population Potato grows in soil that is infertile to many other crops Small amount of land can yield a big crop Interesting Facts Some Irish families would eat potatoes and milk three meals a day, every day of the week Many of the poor people did not own knives, so they would grow their thumbnail long in order to peel the potato The Famine The summer of 1845 was cool and moist in Ireland An airborne fungal pathogen, Phytopthora infected the potato plant and spread through Ireland The crops failed in 1845 and in 1846, and by 1847 the fungus had destroyed 100% of the potato crop Phytopthora is sometimes called Blight Effects of the Famine Choice between starving or being evicted from their homes About 500,000 people were evicted during the famine Overcrowded poorhouses Emigration Conclusion Declining population By 1900, 2.5 million more Irish had crossed the Atlantic By 1900, the population was about half of what it was before the famine Many Irish people found fulfilling lives in other countries, but none will forget this tragedy
