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The Casimir Effect 1 Introduction
The Casimir Effect 1 Introduction

... As Casimir’s theory of a force from nothing arises, one must evaluate the possibility of achieving a repulsive Casimir force. In fact, it has already been done. This so called Casimir-Lifshitz force was developed theoretically by Lifshitz, who used different dielectric materials instead of the vacuu ...
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... is an example of a longitudinal wave, as explained in the diagram below. A sound wave is set up in an air-filled pipe by moving a piston back and forth. The rightward motion of the piston moves the elements of air next to it rightward, changing the air pressure there. The increased air pressure then ...
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... the same as the inclusion of rotating terms, i.e., by performing the calculations without the usual rotating wave approximation (RWA). For large ensembles the effect is not negligible, and the calculations should be done correctly. No immediate explanation is offered why the virtual photons are simp ...
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Wave–particle duality

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