japanese encephalitis
... remembered that horses in an endemic area may have been inapparently infected with the virus or may have been immunised with a vaccine Diagnosis requires a significant rise in antibody titre in paired sera collected during the acute and convalescent phases; specificity of each serological test shoul ...
... remembered that horses in an endemic area may have been inapparently infected with the virus or may have been immunised with a vaccine Diagnosis requires a significant rise in antibody titre in paired sera collected during the acute and convalescent phases; specificity of each serological test shoul ...
Infectious Diseases of the GI Tract
... groups: The pathogenic strains that cause feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) and those feline enteric coronaviruses (FECV) that cause a sub-clinical or mild enteric infection. Viruses of these two categories are closely related. Feline Panleukopenia Feline panleukopenia virus, a parvovirus, is a hi ...
... groups: The pathogenic strains that cause feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) and those feline enteric coronaviruses (FECV) that cause a sub-clinical or mild enteric infection. Viruses of these two categories are closely related. Feline Panleukopenia Feline panleukopenia virus, a parvovirus, is a hi ...
Understanding Epidemiology
... What is host response? ◦ Reaction of a living system to some material. ...
... What is host response? ◦ Reaction of a living system to some material. ...
Optometrists The College and Association of Optometrists issue
... The College and Association of Optometrists issue advice for optometrists on Ebola virus disease – November 2014 Ebola virus is one cause of viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF). Although the likelihood of imported cases is low, health care providers, including optometrists, should remain vigilant for tho ...
... The College and Association of Optometrists issue advice for optometrists on Ebola virus disease – November 2014 Ebola virus is one cause of viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF). Although the likelihood of imported cases is low, health care providers, including optometrists, should remain vigilant for tho ...
Oral Manifestation of Pediatric HIV Infection
... • Oral S/S: Persistent ulcers, gingivitis, pyogenic granuloma; enamel hypoplasia - congenital disease • Diagnosis: Culture, PCR, biopsy • Treatment: Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir ...
... • Oral S/S: Persistent ulcers, gingivitis, pyogenic granuloma; enamel hypoplasia - congenital disease • Diagnosis: Culture, PCR, biopsy • Treatment: Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir ...
Follow up of Indeterminate QFT-G An indeterminate QFT
... The performance of QFT-G has not been determined in persons who, because of impaired immune function (e.g., HIV infection), are at increased risk for M. tuberculosis infection progressing to TB disease As with a negative TST result, negative QFT-G results alone might not be sufficient to exclude M. ...
... The performance of QFT-G has not been determined in persons who, because of impaired immune function (e.g., HIV infection), are at increased risk for M. tuberculosis infection progressing to TB disease As with a negative TST result, negative QFT-G results alone might not be sufficient to exclude M. ...
Onychomycosis Guidelines
... Recurrence is common and treatment does not always guarantee a permanent cure. REFERRING PROVIDER: Try topical therapy with ciclopirox nail lacquer solution 8%. ...
... Recurrence is common and treatment does not always guarantee a permanent cure. REFERRING PROVIDER: Try topical therapy with ciclopirox nail lacquer solution 8%. ...
neck infection File - Ain Shams University
... organisms including CMV, Toxoplasma, acute HIV infection, or leptospirosis. • Mononucleosis is most common in young adults, and most of the adult population has had clinically inapparent EBV disease as evidenced by antibody titers. • If patients with mononucleosis are treated with ampicillin or simi ...
... organisms including CMV, Toxoplasma, acute HIV infection, or leptospirosis. • Mononucleosis is most common in young adults, and most of the adult population has had clinically inapparent EBV disease as evidenced by antibody titers. • If patients with mononucleosis are treated with ampicillin or simi ...
Herpes
... history of herpes can take medication during the last month of pregnancy to reduce the incidence of an active herpes outbreak. How can I tell if this is the first infection or a recurrent infection? The first outbreak of herpes is usually quite severe. Symptoms include blisters, a high fever, swolle ...
... history of herpes can take medication during the last month of pregnancy to reduce the incidence of an active herpes outbreak. How can I tell if this is the first infection or a recurrent infection? The first outbreak of herpes is usually quite severe. Symptoms include blisters, a high fever, swolle ...
Staphylococcus aureus infection
... Staphylococcus aureus (often referred to as ‘staph’ or ‘golden staph’) is a common bacterium. About 30 percent of people carry it either on their skin or in their nose, mostly without it causing any problems. However, sometimes the bacteria get inside the body and cause infection. Staph most common ...
... Staphylococcus aureus (often referred to as ‘staph’ or ‘golden staph’) is a common bacterium. About 30 percent of people carry it either on their skin or in their nose, mostly without it causing any problems. However, sometimes the bacteria get inside the body and cause infection. Staph most common ...
Meningococcal group C (Men C)
... University students, particularly freshers can be more vulnerable due to living in more cramped housing or halls of residence. In many cases young people come together from all over the country - and indeed world - to live in one place and can be exposed to bacteria and viruses their bodies have not ...
... University students, particularly freshers can be more vulnerable due to living in more cramped housing or halls of residence. In many cases young people come together from all over the country - and indeed world - to live in one place and can be exposed to bacteria and viruses their bodies have not ...
File - Working Toward Zero HAIs
... from Saudi Arabia has since died. There have been reports of a small number of other cases of serious respiratory illness in the Middle East over the past three months. The Qatari man was first reported ill on 3 September, and was transferred to the UK a week later. He had previously visited Saudi A ...
... from Saudi Arabia has since died. There have been reports of a small number of other cases of serious respiratory illness in the Middle East over the past three months. The Qatari man was first reported ill on 3 September, and was transferred to the UK a week later. He had previously visited Saudi A ...
Chapter 14—Principles of Disease and Epidemiology.
... ii. Chronic disease: Develops slowly and persists for long periods. 1. Tuberculosis. iii. Subacute disease: Intermediate between acute and chronic. iv. Latent disease: Disease that does not display symptoms for a period of time; the disease organism is inactive within the host during this time. 1. S ...
... ii. Chronic disease: Develops slowly and persists for long periods. 1. Tuberculosis. iii. Subacute disease: Intermediate between acute and chronic. iv. Latent disease: Disease that does not display symptoms for a period of time; the disease organism is inactive within the host during this time. 1. S ...
Emerging Infections
... millions of lives, but communicable diseases continue to be the top cause of deaths worldwide. ...
... millions of lives, but communicable diseases continue to be the top cause of deaths worldwide. ...
HIV/AIDS
... It is estimated that 15 million new cases of STIs occur each year in the U.S. and that, globally, annual new cases of STIs exceed 400 million! ...
... It is estimated that 15 million new cases of STIs occur each year in the U.S. and that, globally, annual new cases of STIs exceed 400 million! ...
Modeling the SARS Outbreak in Toronto, Canada
... Spread of SARS • Travels in water droplets spread by coughing/sneezing • Droplets can be infectious for up to 6 hours • Household disinfectants like bleach are effective at killing the virus ...
... Spread of SARS • Travels in water droplets spread by coughing/sneezing • Droplets can be infectious for up to 6 hours • Household disinfectants like bleach are effective at killing the virus ...
China - Travel Doctor
... Childhood immunisation coverage in many developing countries is not very good. As such, travellers whose birth date is after 1966 should check they have had 2 doses of measles vaccine. Since 1990 this may have been as the combination vaccine MMR (measles, mumps & rubella). Those born prior to 1966 a ...
... Childhood immunisation coverage in many developing countries is not very good. As such, travellers whose birth date is after 1966 should check they have had 2 doses of measles vaccine. Since 1990 this may have been as the combination vaccine MMR (measles, mumps & rubella). Those born prior to 1966 a ...
What are bloodborne pathogens?
... other body fluids may occur • Masks and eye protection- if there is any chance of splashing into the mouth nose or eyes • Gowns/lab coats, shoe covers- risk of splattering or spilling on clothes or skin ...
... other body fluids may occur • Masks and eye protection- if there is any chance of splashing into the mouth nose or eyes • Gowns/lab coats, shoe covers- risk of splattering or spilling on clothes or skin ...
Section: 2-1
... 1. CDI can range from uncomplicated diarrhea to sepsis and even death. 2. C. difficile is a spore forming bacteria. 3. C. difficile is shed in feces. Any surface, device or material that becomes contaminated with feces may serve as a reservoir for the C.difficile spore. 4. C. difficile transmission ...
... 1. CDI can range from uncomplicated diarrhea to sepsis and even death. 2. C. difficile is a spore forming bacteria. 3. C. difficile is shed in feces. Any surface, device or material that becomes contaminated with feces may serve as a reservoir for the C.difficile spore. 4. C. difficile transmission ...
having an hiv test at the general medicine department
... very serious. An impaired immune system may be caused by an underlying HIV infection; however the vast majority of people with pneumonia will NOT have HIV. A routine HIV test of all patients will help us to identify the patients with HIV and provide the necessary treatment and care in time. Furtherm ...
... very serious. An impaired immune system may be caused by an underlying HIV infection; however the vast majority of people with pneumonia will NOT have HIV. A routine HIV test of all patients will help us to identify the patients with HIV and provide the necessary treatment and care in time. Furtherm ...
Lecture 1: Virus properties
... Local replication: entry of neurones, retrograde axonal transport to local ganglion Latent infection: genome becomes circular, remains in nucleus, not integrated into host DNA Only one area of the genome transcribed: latency associated transcript (LAT), no protein expression Virus remains dormant fo ...
... Local replication: entry of neurones, retrograde axonal transport to local ganglion Latent infection: genome becomes circular, remains in nucleus, not integrated into host DNA Only one area of the genome transcribed: latency associated transcript (LAT), no protein expression Virus remains dormant fo ...
Viruses in the placenta
... The healthcare industry is undergoing rapid changes and there is now a requirement for medical scientists, especially those in supervisory positions, to continually develop their knowledge and skills in relation to their professional practice through participation in a continuing education programme ...
... The healthcare industry is undergoing rapid changes and there is now a requirement for medical scientists, especially those in supervisory positions, to continually develop their knowledge and skills in relation to their professional practice through participation in a continuing education programme ...
Chickenpox
Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV). The disease results in a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which eventually scab over. It usually starts on the face, chest, and back and then spreads to the rest of the body. Other symptoms may include fever, feeling tired, and headaches. Symptoms usually last five to ten days. Complications may occasionally include pneumonia, inflammation of the brain, or bacterial infections of the skin among others. The disease is often more severe in adults than children. Symptoms begin ten to twenty one days after exposure to the virus.Chickenpox is an airborne disease which spreads easily through the coughs and sneezes of an infected person. It may be spread from one to two days before the rash appears until all lesions have crusted over. It may also spread through contact with the blisters. Those with shingles may spread chickenpox to those who are not immune through contact with the blisters. The disease can usually be diagnosed based on the presenting symptom; however, in unusual cases may be confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of the blister fluid or scabs. Testing for antibodies may be done to determine if a person is or is not immune. People usually only get the disease once.The varicella vaccine has resulted in a decrease in the number of cases and complications from the disease. It protects about 70 to 90 percent of people from disease with a greater benefit for severe disease. Routine immunization of children is recommended in many countries. Immunization within three days of exposure may improve outcomes in children. Treatment of those infected may include calamine lotion to help with itching, keeping the fingernails short to decrease injury from scratching, and the use of paracetamol (acetaminophen) to help with fevers. For those at increased risk of complications antiviral medication such as aciclovir are recommended.Chickenpox occurs in all parts of the world. Before routine immunization the number of cases occurring each year was similar to the number of people born. Since immunization the number of infections in the United States has decreased nearly 90%. In 2013 chickenpox resulted in 7,000 deaths globally – down from 8,900 in 1990. Death occurs in about 1 per 60,000 cases. Chickenpox was not separated from smallpox until the late 19th century. In 1888 its connection to shingles was determined. The first documented use of the term chicken pox was in 1658. Various explanations have been suggested for the use of ""chicken"" in the name, one being the relative mildness of the disease.