(Hib) und Hepatitis B auf Englisch
... participation in vaccinations has eliminated diphtheria, apart from a few isolated cases, in Germany. However, since it persists globally - including in some Eastern European countries - the risk of re-introduction and re-infection when travelling can occur at any time. Whooping cough (pertussis) us ...
... participation in vaccinations has eliminated diphtheria, apart from a few isolated cases, in Germany. However, since it persists globally - including in some Eastern European countries - the risk of re-introduction and re-infection when travelling can occur at any time. Whooping cough (pertussis) us ...
Seasonal Communicable Diseases and - WHO South
... viral hepatitis and typhoid are common. Some conditions like viral fevers and acute respiratory infections can occur any time of the year or due to a sudden change in the weather. Antibiotics play an important role in the treatment of several communicable diseases, but there is a common myth that an ...
... viral hepatitis and typhoid are common. Some conditions like viral fevers and acute respiratory infections can occur any time of the year or due to a sudden change in the weather. Antibiotics play an important role in the treatment of several communicable diseases, but there is a common myth that an ...
First human case of tick-borne encephalitis virus
... infected in the Netherlands. Although liquor was negative for anti-TBEV IgM antibodies, the high serum IgM and IgG levels in an unvaccinated patient, combined with a typical biphasic clinical presentation and TBEV detected in the tick collected from the patient, confirmed the diagnosis of TBE [5]. S ...
... infected in the Netherlands. Although liquor was negative for anti-TBEV IgM antibodies, the high serum IgM and IgG levels in an unvaccinated patient, combined with a typical biphasic clinical presentation and TBEV detected in the tick collected from the patient, confirmed the diagnosis of TBE [5]. S ...
Cat flu - Cats Protection
... sinuses and airways due to inflammation and secondary bacterial infections. These infections leading to chronic rhinitis – inflammation of the nasal passages – or recurrent eye problems may require treatment on a regular basis. On some occasions, cats may be so severely affected by an infection that ...
... sinuses and airways due to inflammation and secondary bacterial infections. These infections leading to chronic rhinitis – inflammation of the nasal passages – or recurrent eye problems may require treatment on a regular basis. On some occasions, cats may be so severely affected by an infection that ...
Combating Infections
... • There are countless numbers of bacteria on the Earth but less than 1% of them cause disease in humans. • Bacteria can live in a vast range of places, but need energy sources to thrive. ...
... • There are countless numbers of bacteria on the Earth but less than 1% of them cause disease in humans. • Bacteria can live in a vast range of places, but need energy sources to thrive. ...
Universal Precautions - Teaching Family Homes of Upper Michigan
... Statistically, Hepatitis B (HBV) poses a much greater risk of infection than HIV. Approximately 9,000 healthcare workers are infected with HBV every year in the United States. 200 die each year from HBV. The risk of acquiring HIV on the job is small. Each year 9,000 HBV infections cause over 2,100 c ...
... Statistically, Hepatitis B (HBV) poses a much greater risk of infection than HIV. Approximately 9,000 healthcare workers are infected with HBV every year in the United States. 200 die each year from HBV. The risk of acquiring HIV on the job is small. Each year 9,000 HBV infections cause over 2,100 c ...
RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES
... inhalation of droplets. The cells lining the nasal passages and the pharynx are infected by the virus. Rhinovirus attaches itself to the cells lining the nasal region by binding to ICAM-1 (InterCellular Adhesion Molecule-1). Inflammatory changes occur with hyperemia, edema, and leukocyte inflammatio ...
... inhalation of droplets. The cells lining the nasal passages and the pharynx are infected by the virus. Rhinovirus attaches itself to the cells lining the nasal region by binding to ICAM-1 (InterCellular Adhesion Molecule-1). Inflammatory changes occur with hyperemia, edema, and leukocyte inflammatio ...
THE ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF INFECTIOUS BOVINE
... solution to monolayers of cell cultures and growing the obtained cell suspension in the culture growth medium. Experimental transmission. - A 2 year-old native cow was used in the exposure trial. The animal was inoculated intranasally (2 ml of virus fluid per nostril) and intraconjunctivally (0.5 ml ...
... solution to monolayers of cell cultures and growing the obtained cell suspension in the culture growth medium. Experimental transmission. - A 2 year-old native cow was used in the exposure trial. The animal was inoculated intranasally (2 ml of virus fluid per nostril) and intraconjunctivally (0.5 ml ...
Acute upper respiratory tract infections - outpatient
... since they do not prevent secondary bacterial infections in viral infections and cause adverse effects, such as the increase of resistant bacterial strains in the nasopharynx.1,5,6,14,15 Specific treatment There is no specific treatment against most viruses; however, in the case of influenza, some m ...
... since they do not prevent secondary bacterial infections in viral infections and cause adverse effects, such as the increase of resistant bacterial strains in the nasopharynx.1,5,6,14,15 Specific treatment There is no specific treatment against most viruses; however, in the case of influenza, some m ...
Bloodborne Pathogens
... syndrome, is caused by a virus called the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV • It may be many years before AIDS actually develops ...
... syndrome, is caused by a virus called the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV • It may be many years before AIDS actually develops ...
Official American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases
... Background. Individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) may develop symptoms and signs of disease (tuberculosis disease) or may have no clinical evidence of disease (latent tuberculosis infection [LTBI]). Tuberculosis disease is a leading cause of infectious disease morbidity and mor ...
... Background. Individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) may develop symptoms and signs of disease (tuberculosis disease) or may have no clinical evidence of disease (latent tuberculosis infection [LTBI]). Tuberculosis disease is a leading cause of infectious disease morbidity and mor ...
Nursery Sickness Policies
... Fifth Disease is usually a mild illness caused by a human virus B19. It particularly affects children and typically causes a mild rash that may resemble a “slapped-cheek”. The rash then spreads to the trunk, arms, and legs. As the centres of the blotches begin to clear, the rash takes on a lacy net- ...
... Fifth Disease is usually a mild illness caused by a human virus B19. It particularly affects children and typically causes a mild rash that may resemble a “slapped-cheek”. The rash then spreads to the trunk, arms, and legs. As the centres of the blotches begin to clear, the rash takes on a lacy net- ...
Bloodborne diseases and their transmission
... –Best started within 48 - 72 hours –Student Health Services suggests initiation no later than 7 days after exposure –70 to 75% effective in preventing HBV infection ...
... –Best started within 48 - 72 hours –Student Health Services suggests initiation no later than 7 days after exposure –70 to 75% effective in preventing HBV infection ...
Disease-Causing Viruses and Microorganisms
... dead flu viruses that scientists believe are the “most likely suspects” to cause the flu this year. Your immune system learns to recognize them and fight them. (You can actually feel a little sick after getting the shot.) • However, the flu virus mutates quickly, and may look nothing like anything i ...
... dead flu viruses that scientists believe are the “most likely suspects” to cause the flu this year. Your immune system learns to recognize them and fight them. (You can actually feel a little sick after getting the shot.) • However, the flu virus mutates quickly, and may look nothing like anything i ...
melasma like pigmentation over face after chikungunya fever
... infected Aedes mosquitoes. CF is characterized by an acute onset of high fever associated with severe disabling arthritis, vomiting, sore throat and often with prominent cutaneous manifestation. The disease is usually self limiting, but the joint symptoms and some cutaneous features may persist afte ...
... infected Aedes mosquitoes. CF is characterized by an acute onset of high fever associated with severe disabling arthritis, vomiting, sore throat and often with prominent cutaneous manifestation. The disease is usually self limiting, but the joint symptoms and some cutaneous features may persist afte ...
The Story Of... Smallpox – and other Deadly Eurasian Germs
... people of the New World were not troubled by cross-species viral infection. When the Europeans arrived, carrying germs which thrived in dense, semi-urban populations, the indigenous people of the Americas were effectively doomed. They had never experienced smallpox, measles or flu before, and the vi ...
... people of the New World were not troubled by cross-species viral infection. When the Europeans arrived, carrying germs which thrived in dense, semi-urban populations, the indigenous people of the Americas were effectively doomed. They had never experienced smallpox, measles or flu before, and the vi ...
Document
... first sampling, and stallions must have their shedding status investigated. Serosurveillance is used on stallions vaccinated using Artervac, the only killed virus vaccine for equine arteritis virus (EAV) available in Europe. This testing shows that achievement and maintenance of the immunity require ...
... first sampling, and stallions must have their shedding status investigated. Serosurveillance is used on stallions vaccinated using Artervac, the only killed virus vaccine for equine arteritis virus (EAV) available in Europe. This testing shows that achievement and maintenance of the immunity require ...
Chickenpox
Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV). The disease results in a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which eventually scab over. It usually starts on the face, chest, and back and then spreads to the rest of the body. Other symptoms may include fever, feeling tired, and headaches. Symptoms usually last five to ten days. Complications may occasionally include pneumonia, inflammation of the brain, or bacterial infections of the skin among others. The disease is often more severe in adults than children. Symptoms begin ten to twenty one days after exposure to the virus.Chickenpox is an airborne disease which spreads easily through the coughs and sneezes of an infected person. It may be spread from one to two days before the rash appears until all lesions have crusted over. It may also spread through contact with the blisters. Those with shingles may spread chickenpox to those who are not immune through contact with the blisters. The disease can usually be diagnosed based on the presenting symptom; however, in unusual cases may be confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of the blister fluid or scabs. Testing for antibodies may be done to determine if a person is or is not immune. People usually only get the disease once.The varicella vaccine has resulted in a decrease in the number of cases and complications from the disease. It protects about 70 to 90 percent of people from disease with a greater benefit for severe disease. Routine immunization of children is recommended in many countries. Immunization within three days of exposure may improve outcomes in children. Treatment of those infected may include calamine lotion to help with itching, keeping the fingernails short to decrease injury from scratching, and the use of paracetamol (acetaminophen) to help with fevers. For those at increased risk of complications antiviral medication such as aciclovir are recommended.Chickenpox occurs in all parts of the world. Before routine immunization the number of cases occurring each year was similar to the number of people born. Since immunization the number of infections in the United States has decreased nearly 90%. In 2013 chickenpox resulted in 7,000 deaths globally – down from 8,900 in 1990. Death occurs in about 1 per 60,000 cases. Chickenpox was not separated from smallpox until the late 19th century. In 1888 its connection to shingles was determined. The first documented use of the term chicken pox was in 1658. Various explanations have been suggested for the use of ""chicken"" in the name, one being the relative mildness of the disease.