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CLINICAL FEATURES
CLINICAL FEATURES

... scan of the head should be performed before lumbar puncture to rule out the presence of an intracranial mass lesion because of the potential risk of herniation. • After obtaining blood cultures, the emergency empirical antimicrobial therapy should be initiated before sending the patient to the CT sc ...
Chicken Vaccines: Antibody ELISA Kits, Recombinant
Chicken Vaccines: Antibody ELISA Kits, Recombinant

... Infectious Bursal Disease (or Gumboro), Infectious Coryza, Infectious Laryngotracheitis, Lymphoid Leukosis, Marek’s Disease (MDV), Mycoplasmosis, Necrotic Enteritis, Newcastle Disease (NDV), Salmonellosis. Vaccination plays an important part in the health management of the poultry flock. Some of the ...
Pediatric Infections
Pediatric Infections

... Mortality high for severe infection: ~30%; usually due to pneumonia o Infection 5-21 days before delivery: illness usually mild Treatment: acyclovir Prevention: infants born to mothers who develop varicella 5 days before or 2 days after delivery should receive 125 units of varicella zoster immune gl ...
In this session we will talk about
In this session we will talk about

... • Within an animal there are a number of steps that determine if the animal develops disease after being exposed to an infectious agent • Infected animals may develop chronic disease, die from the disease or may recover • Animals that recover often develop immunity to the infectious agent. Immunity ...
Click the Icon to go to this months powerpoint presentation
Click the Icon to go to this months powerpoint presentation

... like picture, and the latter becomes fulminant before vesicles/pustules form. Hemorrhagic Smallpox especially common in pregnant females. ...
Smallpox was a scourge that terrorized the world for 3000 years
Smallpox was a scourge that terrorized the world for 3000 years

... that it caused in survivors resulted in many early attempts at immunization. The crusts from smallpox lesions contain live viruses that can live for many years, even in dried materials. As early as 300 BC Chinese applied such powders to their nostrils while some Indians inoculated the powder under t ...
Grouper iridoviral disease
Grouper iridoviral disease

... market-sized grouper, a highly priced product in tropical mariculture. Clinical disease and highest mortalities are usually seen in 3–4-month-old fish after stocking into sea cages. Older diseased fish typically appear lethargic or due to anaemia. Horizontal contact and waterborne transmission appea ...
unit i notes
unit i notes

... • Now agar is used instead of gelatin because it can resist digestion by certain bacteria and it remains solid when incubated at high ...
Wright_State_Final_Version_(2).doc
Wright_State_Final_Version_(2).doc

... serotype Typhimurium isolates that shared the same pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern in PulseNet. Salmonellosis is an infection caused by the bacteria Salmonella. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), salmonellosis causes an estimated 1.4 million cases of f ...
Oomycetes (water molds)
Oomycetes (water molds)

... is involved in the disease cycle, it typically serves as (e.g., ascospore) or gives rise to (oospore to zoospore) the primary inoculum. ...
Summary of Recommended Biosafety Levels for Infectious Agents
Summary of Recommended Biosafety Levels for Infectious Agents

... Laboratory exposures may cause serious infection, but effective treatment and preventive measures are available and the risk of spread of infection is limited. (High individual risk; low community risk) A pathogen that usually causes serious human or animal disease but does not ordinarily spread fro ...
Grouper iridoviral disease - Department of Agriculture
Grouper iridoviral disease - Department of Agriculture

... also in 1–2-year-old, market-sized grouper, a highly priced product in tropical mariculture. ...
Vaccinating your horse
Vaccinating your horse

... property for 2-3 weeks, ensuring they are up to date with vaccinations and ideally monitor their temperature over this period. For more information on preventing and controlling a strangles outbreak, please contact us. Equine Herpes Virus There are a number of different strains of equine herpes viru ...
RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

... 12 weeks and older - Neisseria meningitidis , streptococcus pneumonia and Haemophilus influenae. ...
Pulmonary Board Review Tuberculosis
Pulmonary Board Review Tuberculosis

... • Find persons with TB disease / LTBI that would benefit from treatment • Groups that are not high risk should not be tested DECISION TO TEST IS A DECISION TO TREAT! ...
commercial general liability - Midwest Security Insurance Services
commercial general liability - Midwest Security Insurance Services

... whether or not such actual or alleged damages occurred at any premises owned or occupied by any insured regardless of culpability or intent including, but not limited to: a. Allegations of negligent hiring, placement, training, or supervision; or b. Any act, error or omission relating to negligent m ...
MENINGITIS Meningitis is a relatively rare disease which causes
MENINGITIS Meningitis is a relatively rare disease which causes

... usually not serious, but can make a person very ill with flu-like symptoms. It is caused by viruses called enteroviruses. Enteroviruses are shed in feces and discharges from the mouth and nose. Viral meningitis usually occurs in late summer and early fall. Because it is caused by a virus, (like the ...
Chapter 13
Chapter 13

... Student discussion should be directed toward the principles of epidemiology and the importance of this science to society. This provides a good opportunity to present case studies for students. There are a number of excellent video documentaries that illustrate the epidemiological process. Students ...
Pathogenicity and virulence
Pathogenicity and virulence

... • 3. Toxicity – Pathogens produce toxins, that disrupt the normal functioning of the body. Classified into Endotoxins and exotoxins. – Intoxications are diseases that result from the entrance of a specific toxin into the host body. ...
Chapter 23: Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, and Systemic Infectious
Chapter 23: Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, and Systemic Infectious

... • The early localized stage involves a slowly expanding red rash (erythema migrans) at the bite site • The rash resembles a bull’s-eye • The rash is usually accompanied by flu-like symptoms • The early disseminated stage of Lyme disease begins weeks to months later • Bacteria disseminate to the – sk ...
Hepatitis B Consent-Declination Form
Hepatitis B Consent-Declination Form

... for liver ailments which can be fatal, including cirrhosis of the liver and primary liver cancer. A small percentage of adults who get hepatitis B never fully recover and remain chronically infected. In addition, infected individuals can spread the virus to others through contact with their blood an ...
Principles of Infection
Principles of Infection

... from one individual to another, certain conditions must be met. If any one condition is not met, the transmission of the disease will not happen. Pathogens are everywhere and preventing their transmission is a continuous process. ...
Unit 3 – Overview of TB Disease - I-Tech
Unit 3 – Overview of TB Disease - I-Tech

... Reactivation of TB (2) • Latent infection can reactivate, causing active TB disease • Reactivation occurs when the immune system weakens and the TB bacteria multiplies • TB bacteria and dead cells in the airway will cause a person to cough • Higher proportion of smear-negative PTB in PLWHA Unit 3: ...
Lec 7 Principles of disease epidemiology
Lec 7 Principles of disease epidemiology

... The first person he asked was a medical student, who told him that epidemiology was "the worst taught course in medical school." The second, a clinical faculty member, told him epidemiology was "the science of making the obvious obscure." Finally, knowing that statistics are important to epidemiolog ...
Lec 7 Principles of disease epidemiology
Lec 7 Principles of disease epidemiology

... The first person he asked was a medical student, who told him that epidemiology was "the worst taught course in medical school." The second, a clinical faculty member, told him epidemiology was "the science of making the obvious obscure." Finally, knowing that statistics are important to epidemiolog ...
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Meningococcal disease



Meningococcal disease describes infections caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis (also termed meningococcus). It carries a high mortality rate if untreated but is a vaccine-preventable disease. While best known as a cause of meningitis, widespread blood infection can result in sepsis, which is a more damaging and dangerous condition. Meningitis and meningococcemia are major causes of illness, death, and disability in both developed and under-developed countries.There are approximately 2,600 cases of bacterial meningitis per year in the United States, and on average 333,000 cases in developing countries. The case fatality rate ranges between 10 and 20 percent. The incidence of endemic meningococcal disease during the last 13 years ranges from 1 to 5 per 100,000 in developed countries, and from 10 to 25 per 100,000 in developing countries. During epidemics the incidence of meningococcal disease approaches 100 per 100,000. Meningococcal vaccines have sharply reduced the incidence of the disease in developed countries.The disease's pathogenesis is not fully understood. The pathogen colonises a large number of the general population harmlessly, but in some very small percentage of individuals it can invade the blood stream, and the entire body but notably limbs and brain, causing serious illness. Over the past few years, experts have made an intensive effort to understand specific aspects of meningococcal biology and host interactions, however the development of improved treatments and effective vaccines is expected to depend on novel efforts by workers in many different fields.While meningococcal disease is not as contagious as the common cold (which is spread through casual contact), it can be transmitted through saliva and occasionally through close, prolonged general contact with an infected person.
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