CEN TER - Coldwell Banker Imobiliare
... RON 1,050 since July 2015, with a further increase to RON 1,250 being planned for May 1st, 2016. Monetary policy was extremely accommodative throughout 2015, with the NBR operating four 25 bps cuts in the policy rate, from 2.50% to 1.75%, as well as narrowing the corridor for its lending and deposit ...
... RON 1,050 since July 2015, with a further increase to RON 1,250 being planned for May 1st, 2016. Monetary policy was extremely accommodative throughout 2015, with the NBR operating four 25 bps cuts in the policy rate, from 2.50% to 1.75%, as well as narrowing the corridor for its lending and deposit ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES OPTIMAL MONETARY POLICY WITH COLLATERALIZED
... consumption, the borrower needs to optimally balance the purchasing of new debt with an increase in labor supply required to finance new collateral. The tighter the borrowing constraint, the more stringent the necessity of increasing labor supply. Importantly, monetary policy can exert an influence ...
... consumption, the borrower needs to optimally balance the purchasing of new debt with an increase in labor supply required to finance new collateral. The tighter the borrowing constraint, the more stringent the necessity of increasing labor supply. Importantly, monetary policy can exert an influence ...
A Monetary Explanation of the Great Stagflation
... forces, ultimately driven by monetary conditions. For example, during the period of the 1973/74 oil price increase, oil prices were only the last in a long line of commodity prices to experience dramatic increases, and ultimately rose only slightly more than the average raw industrial commodity. Ou ...
... forces, ultimately driven by monetary conditions. For example, during the period of the 1973/74 oil price increase, oil prices were only the last in a long line of commodity prices to experience dramatic increases, and ultimately rose only slightly more than the average raw industrial commodity. Ou ...
Oil Price Shocks, Monetary Policy and Stagflation
... to forget that similar increases were common in other industrial commodity prices.3 Recognising the endogeneity of the price of oil is important, because it means that a substantial part of the oil price increases of the 1970s was not a causal factor, but rather a symptom of deeper causes, namely th ...
... to forget that similar increases were common in other industrial commodity prices.3 Recognising the endogeneity of the price of oil is important, because it means that a substantial part of the oil price increases of the 1970s was not a causal factor, but rather a symptom of deeper causes, namely th ...
Petroleum Product Subsidies: Costly, Inequitable, and Rising
... measures to mitigate the impact of higher prices on the poorest groups. I. INTRODUCTION ...
... measures to mitigate the impact of higher prices on the poorest groups. I. INTRODUCTION ...
VAR Models in Macroeconomic Research
... aggregate variables, lasting on average from 4-6 years, (see Zarnowitz and Moore 1986). They are often international in scope, showing up in a multitude of processes, not just in total output and unemployment. ...
... aggregate variables, lasting on average from 4-6 years, (see Zarnowitz and Moore 1986). They are often international in scope, showing up in a multitude of processes, not just in total output and unemployment. ...
Chapter 17: An Energy Data Base for GTAP
... For energy, as with agriculture, we prepare a special data set not just to supplement data from sectorgeneric sources (as we use the agricultural data set to disaggregate input-output (I-O) tables; see chapter 12) but to override them. This special treatment arises from users’ concern about apparent ...
... For energy, as with agriculture, we prepare a special data set not just to supplement data from sectorgeneric sources (as we use the agricultural data set to disaggregate input-output (I-O) tables; see chapter 12) but to override them. This special treatment arises from users’ concern about apparent ...
Chapter 24: Aggregate Demand, Aggregate Supply, and Inflation
... • Aggregate demand falls when the price level increases because the higher price level causes the demand for money to rise, which causes the interest rate to rise. • It is the higher interest rate that causes aggregate output to fall. • At all points along the AD curve, both the goods market and the ...
... • Aggregate demand falls when the price level increases because the higher price level causes the demand for money to rise, which causes the interest rate to rise. • It is the higher interest rate that causes aggregate output to fall. • At all points along the AD curve, both the goods market and the ...
Aggregate Demand
... because it makes the cost of borrowing higher • Rise in interest rate also reduces consumer spending ...
... because it makes the cost of borrowing higher • Rise in interest rate also reduces consumer spending ...
Ch 29
... Study Plan Problem The U.S. economy is at full employment when a deep recession hits the world economy, the world oil price rises by a large amount, and U.S. businesses expect future profits to fall. A. The U.S. price level rises and real GDP decreases B. The U.S. price level falls and real GDP decr ...
... Study Plan Problem The U.S. economy is at full employment when a deep recession hits the world economy, the world oil price rises by a large amount, and U.S. businesses expect future profits to fall. A. The U.S. price level rises and real GDP decreases B. The U.S. price level falls and real GDP decr ...
Sec 4, Mod 18, 19 Aggregate Supply
... Some determinants of aggregate supply affect only the shortterm AS curve and not the long-term AS. For example, if wages increase without increasing production, the cost of production will cause the SRAS to shift but not the LRAS. However, the addition/loss of workers to the labor force, ceteris pa ...
... Some determinants of aggregate supply affect only the shortterm AS curve and not the long-term AS. For example, if wages increase without increasing production, the cost of production will cause the SRAS to shift but not the LRAS. However, the addition/loss of workers to the labor force, ceteris pa ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... Bureau of Economic Research Volume Title: Policies to Combat Depression
... Employment Act of 1946 set forth "that it is the continuing policy and responsibility of the Federal Government . to coordinate and utilize all its plans, functions and resources . . to promote maximum employment, production and purchasing power." This was to .be done "in a manner calculated to fost ...
... Employment Act of 1946 set forth "that it is the continuing policy and responsibility of the Federal Government . to coordinate and utilize all its plans, functions and resources . . to promote maximum employment, production and purchasing power." This was to .be done "in a manner calculated to fost ...
Measuring the real Impact of Imports on Jobs
... that the import growth of goods, adjusted for price changes, have been underestimated by roughly $117 billion since 2007 (in 2011 dollars). Moreover, we find undercounting real imports leads to a distortion in most of the official statistics that keep track of economic activity, including real GDP, ...
... that the import growth of goods, adjusted for price changes, have been underestimated by roughly $117 billion since 2007 (in 2011 dollars). Moreover, we find undercounting real imports leads to a distortion in most of the official statistics that keep track of economic activity, including real GDP, ...
Transportation Fuels Policy Since the OPEC Embargo: Paved with
... rejected his proposals. The Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA) of 1975 (Public law 94-163) was a compromise, of sorts. The Act, which lasted 40 months, reduced price controls for domestic oil, reversed a $2 tariff on oil imports (discussed below), and created a maximum average price for domes ...
... rejected his proposals. The Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA) of 1975 (Public law 94-163) was a compromise, of sorts. The Act, which lasted 40 months, reduced price controls for domestic oil, reversed a $2 tariff on oil imports (discussed below), and created a maximum average price for domes ...
District Test Review – answers are at the end of the test
... a. increase discount rate c. increase in government spending b. decrease in reserve rate d. no government action ____ 35. Due to worries about future profits; businesses have released a great number of people. Which of the following actions by the government, in theory, would correct the above situa ...
... a. increase discount rate c. increase in government spending b. decrease in reserve rate d. no government action ____ 35. Due to worries about future profits; businesses have released a great number of people. Which of the following actions by the government, in theory, would correct the above situa ...
Generalized Taylor and Generalized Calvo price and wage
... and Wouters (2003) (SW ) have developed Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium models of the US and euro area economies that have become standard tools for monetary policy analysis. These models have been designed to re‡ect the empirical properties of the US and euro area data in a way that is consi ...
... and Wouters (2003) (SW ) have developed Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium models of the US and euro area economies that have become standard tools for monetary policy analysis. These models have been designed to re‡ect the empirical properties of the US and euro area data in a way that is consi ...
Ancient and Pre-Modern Economies
... were low and less when wage rates were high. Unfortunately we know very little about working time.3 Furthermore, we must increase the calculation based on wage to take into account ―rents, interests, indirect taxes‖ (Goldsmith 1984: 269). To Goldsmith a 20 per cent increase seems justified. The aver ...
... were low and less when wage rates were high. Unfortunately we know very little about working time.3 Furthermore, we must increase the calculation based on wage to take into account ―rents, interests, indirect taxes‖ (Goldsmith 1984: 269). To Goldsmith a 20 per cent increase seems justified. The aver ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research
... increased substantially. For instance, China and India, new world economic powerhouses, have become huge consumers of crude oil. Other Asian economies have also increased their demands for crude oil as they recover from the financial crises of the late 1990s. In addition, developed countries also co ...
... increased substantially. For instance, China and India, new world economic powerhouses, have become huge consumers of crude oil. Other Asian economies have also increased their demands for crude oil as they recover from the financial crises of the late 1990s. In addition, developed countries also co ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES PRICE STABILITY Giancarlo Corsetti
... of optimal monetary policy, unveiling an argument in favor of consumer price stability as the main prescription for monetary policy. Since stable consumer prices feed back into a low volatility of markups among upstream producers, this contains inefficient deviations from the law of one price at the ...
... of optimal monetary policy, unveiling an argument in favor of consumer price stability as the main prescription for monetary policy. Since stable consumer prices feed back into a low volatility of markups among upstream producers, this contains inefficient deviations from the law of one price at the ...
Chapter 25 - Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
... output on price level in short-run • Each time we change level of output, there will be a new price level in short-run – Giving us another point on the figure – If we connect all of these points, we obtain economy’s aggregate supply curve • Tells us price level consistent with firms’ unit costs and ...
... output on price level in short-run • Each time we change level of output, there will be a new price level in short-run – Giving us another point on the figure – If we connect all of these points, we obtain economy’s aggregate supply curve • Tells us price level consistent with firms’ unit costs and ...
2 AGGREGATE SUPPLY AND DEMAND: A SIMPLE FRAMEWORK
... A fixed point on the short-run AS curve The two simple aggregate-supply theories sketched above have several characteristics in common. As we shall see later, these characteristics are shared by most short-run aggregate-supply models. Two important characteristics have been stressed above: (1) the s ...
... A fixed point on the short-run AS curve The two simple aggregate-supply theories sketched above have several characteristics in common. As we shall see later, these characteristics are shared by most short-run aggregate-supply models. Two important characteristics have been stressed above: (1) the s ...
View/Open
... the higher prices of canola and pulse crops relative to the price of wheat. During the 1990s, the response of producers to these relative prices increased, leading to greater cropping diversity. The research reported here did not determine the causes of the increased responsiveness, but there are th ...
... the higher prices of canola and pulse crops relative to the price of wheat. During the 1990s, the response of producers to these relative prices increased, leading to greater cropping diversity. The research reported here did not determine the causes of the increased responsiveness, but there are th ...
The Country-Specific Nature of Apparel Elasticities and Impacts of
... have increased dramatically since the end of the Multi-Fibre Arrangement (MFA), a quota system limiting the amount of textiles and clothing allowed into developed countries. The MFA selectively restricted the quantities of apparel or textiles if they threatened to cause damage to the importing count ...
... have increased dramatically since the end of the Multi-Fibre Arrangement (MFA), a quota system limiting the amount of textiles and clothing allowed into developed countries. The MFA selectively restricted the quantities of apparel or textiles if they threatened to cause damage to the importing count ...
2000s commodities boom
The 2000s commodities boom or the commodities super cycle was the rise in many physical commodity prices (such as those of food stuffs, oil, metals, chemicals, fuels and the like) which occurred during the decade of the 2000s (2000–2009), following the Great Commodities Depression of the 1980s and 1990s. The boom was largely due to the rising demand from emerging markets such as the BRIC countries, as well as the result of concerns over long-term supply availability. There was a sharp down-turn in prices during 2008 and early 2009 as a result of the credit crunch and sovereign debt crisis, but prices began to rise as demand recovered from late 2009 to mid-2010. Oil began to slip downwards after mid-2010, but peaked at $101.80 on 30 and 31 January 2011, as then Egyptian political crisis and rioting broke out, leading to concerns over both the safe use of the Suez Canal and over all security in Arabia itself. On 3 March, Libya's National Oil Corp said that output had halved due to the departure of foreign workers. As this happened, Brent Crude surged to a new high of above $116.00 a barrel as supply disruptions and potential for more unrest in the Middle East and North Africa continued to worry investors. Thus the price of oil kept rising into the 2010s. The commodities super-cycle peaked in 2011, ""driven by a combination of strong demand from emerging nations and low supply growth."" Prior to 2002, only 5 to 10 per cent of trading in the commodities market was attributable to investors. Since 2002 ""30 per cent of trading is attributable to investors in the commodities market"" which ""has caused higher price volatility.""