RNA Seq: A (soon to be outdated) Tutorial
... In RNA Seq genes with high mean counts (either because they’re long or highly expressed) tend to show more variance (between samples) than genes with low mean counts. Thus this data fits a Negative Binomial Distribution ...
... In RNA Seq genes with high mean counts (either because they’re long or highly expressed) tend to show more variance (between samples) than genes with low mean counts. Thus this data fits a Negative Binomial Distribution ...
Chapter 2 Genes Encode RNAs and Polypeptides
... • allele – One of several alternative forms of a gene occupying a given locus on a chromosome. • locus – The position on a chromosome at which the gene for a particular trait resides; it may be occupied by any one of the alleles for the gene. • genetic recombination – A process by which separate DNA ...
... • allele – One of several alternative forms of a gene occupying a given locus on a chromosome. • locus – The position on a chromosome at which the gene for a particular trait resides; it may be occupied by any one of the alleles for the gene. • genetic recombination – A process by which separate DNA ...
Chapter 12 Test Review
... 19. The process of transferring information from DNA to RNA is called transcription. 20. During transcription, the hydrogen bonds between base pairs are broken. 21. A three-base code (on mRNA) for an amino acid is called a codon. 22. This type of RNA, along with proteins, makes up the structure of ...
... 19. The process of transferring information from DNA to RNA is called transcription. 20. During transcription, the hydrogen bonds between base pairs are broken. 21. A three-base code (on mRNA) for an amino acid is called a codon. 22. This type of RNA, along with proteins, makes up the structure of ...
Attachment, Penetration and Uncoating
... such as polio. Some enveloped viruses, e.g. orthomyxoviruses, also use this method. It is a pH-dependent process 2. Fusion of the cellular membrane with the virion envelope and direct release of the capsid into the cytoplasm examples include paramyxo and herpes viruses as well as HIV. This is pH-in ...
... such as polio. Some enveloped viruses, e.g. orthomyxoviruses, also use this method. It is a pH-dependent process 2. Fusion of the cellular membrane with the virion envelope and direct release of the capsid into the cytoplasm examples include paramyxo and herpes viruses as well as HIV. This is pH-in ...
Imprinting and Dosage Compensation-2015
... The Basic Events of X Chromosome Inactivation The Xic is the minimum region to trigger X inactivation Two Xic are necessary for XCI to occur ...
... The Basic Events of X Chromosome Inactivation The Xic is the minimum region to trigger X inactivation Two Xic are necessary for XCI to occur ...
Chapter 12 Test Review
... 19. The process of transferring information from DNA to RNA is called transcription. 20. During transcription, the hydrogen bonds between base pairs are broken. 21. A three-base code (on mRNA) for an amino acid is called a codon. 22. This type of RNA, along with proteins, makes up the structure of ...
... 19. The process of transferring information from DNA to RNA is called transcription. 20. During transcription, the hydrogen bonds between base pairs are broken. 21. A three-base code (on mRNA) for an amino acid is called a codon. 22. This type of RNA, along with proteins, makes up the structure of ...
The Cell Nucleus The Nucleus consists of:
... the cytoplasm. Like the cell membrane, the nuclear envelope consists of phospholipids that form a lipid bilayer. The envelope helps to maintain the shape of the nucleus and assists in regulating the flow of molecules into and out of the nucleus through nuclear pores. ...
... the cytoplasm. Like the cell membrane, the nuclear envelope consists of phospholipids that form a lipid bilayer. The envelope helps to maintain the shape of the nucleus and assists in regulating the flow of molecules into and out of the nucleus through nuclear pores. ...
Chapter 18
... In mammalian females, one of the two X chromosomes in each cell is randomly inactivated by DNA ...
... In mammalian females, one of the two X chromosomes in each cell is randomly inactivated by DNA ...
Document
... ribosome. Pol 1 synthesizes a pre-rRNA 45S, which matures into 28S, 18S and 5.8S rRNAs which will form the major RNA sections of the ribosome. RNA polymerase II transcribes protein-encoding genes, or messenger RNAs, which are the RNAs that get translated into proteins. Also, most snRNA (splicing) an ...
... ribosome. Pol 1 synthesizes a pre-rRNA 45S, which matures into 28S, 18S and 5.8S rRNAs which will form the major RNA sections of the ribosome. RNA polymerase II transcribes protein-encoding genes, or messenger RNAs, which are the RNAs that get translated into proteins. Also, most snRNA (splicing) an ...
MICR 201 Microbiology for Health Related Sciences
... To copy DNA into RNA (synthesis of complimentary strand of RNA from a DNA template) RNA consists of base ribose and phosphate, single stranded Messenger RNA (mRNA) ▪ Information for proteins ▪ Thymine replaced with uracil ...
... To copy DNA into RNA (synthesis of complimentary strand of RNA from a DNA template) RNA consists of base ribose and phosphate, single stranded Messenger RNA (mRNA) ▪ Information for proteins ▪ Thymine replaced with uracil ...
Dr. Becker`s Review – Exam 4 Notes provided by Kadie Keen
... DNA polymerase III checks DNA to make sure A didn’t get matched with C etc… DNA polymerase II fixes it Before the S phase, it checks to see if the strand is worth replicating If strand is damaged DNA polymerase cuts and fixes it Prokaryotes have 1 circular chromosome The origin of replic ...
... DNA polymerase III checks DNA to make sure A didn’t get matched with C etc… DNA polymerase II fixes it Before the S phase, it checks to see if the strand is worth replicating If strand is damaged DNA polymerase cuts and fixes it Prokaryotes have 1 circular chromosome The origin of replic ...
Exam 2
... 5. In the Hershey-Chase experiment that showed DNA was the genetic material in bacterial viruses (called bacteriophages), radioactively labeled bacterial viruses were used to infect E. coli. Why were the radioactive 32P and 35S elements chosen for this experiment (in other words, why were P and S ch ...
... 5. In the Hershey-Chase experiment that showed DNA was the genetic material in bacterial viruses (called bacteriophages), radioactively labeled bacterial viruses were used to infect E. coli. Why were the radioactive 32P and 35S elements chosen for this experiment (in other words, why were P and S ch ...
Map Quest: New Techniques Reveal How the
... the pathogenesis of human B-cell lymphomas and, in particular, the genetic lesions and biological mechanisms responsible for the development of these diseases. Since joining the Columbia faculty in 2009, Dr. Basu has focused on how the immune system’s B cells regulate AID— what is the quality contro ...
... the pathogenesis of human B-cell lymphomas and, in particular, the genetic lesions and biological mechanisms responsible for the development of these diseases. Since joining the Columbia faculty in 2009, Dr. Basu has focused on how the immune system’s B cells regulate AID— what is the quality contro ...
DNA and Proteins - Furman University
... convert that energy into a form that is usable by all enzymes in the cell. Now remember, enzymes are proteins that catalyze reactions in the cell. In other words, enzymes are proteins that make stuff all this complex stuff with the energy in ATP. Enzymes make phospholipids, enzymes make sugars, enzy ...
... convert that energy into a form that is usable by all enzymes in the cell. Now remember, enzymes are proteins that catalyze reactions in the cell. In other words, enzymes are proteins that make stuff all this complex stuff with the energy in ATP. Enzymes make phospholipids, enzymes make sugars, enzy ...
Chapter 17 Protein Synthesis
... • Proteins called initiation factors bring in the large subunit that completes the translation initiation ...
... • Proteins called initiation factors bring in the large subunit that completes the translation initiation ...
Chapter 1
... Replication of DNA is undertaken by a complex of enzymes that separate the parental strands and synthesize the daughter strands. The replication fork is the point at which the parental strands are separated. The enzymes that synthesize DNA are called DNA polymerases. o The enzymes that synthesize RN ...
... Replication of DNA is undertaken by a complex of enzymes that separate the parental strands and synthesize the daughter strands. The replication fork is the point at which the parental strands are separated. The enzymes that synthesize DNA are called DNA polymerases. o The enzymes that synthesize RN ...
SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS
... Training Power Point presents an overview of material in the training handout Training Handout presents introductory topic content information for the event Sample Tournament has sample problems with key Event Supervisor Guide has event preparation tips, setup needs and scoring tips Intern ...
... Training Power Point presents an overview of material in the training handout Training Handout presents introductory topic content information for the event Sample Tournament has sample problems with key Event Supervisor Guide has event preparation tips, setup needs and scoring tips Intern ...
Gene Expression
... occurs at the level of the chromosome. Recall that during cell division the DNA coils into chromosomes, but after cell division it relaxes into chromatin. In some cells, gene regulation is accomplished when certain regions of the DNA remain tightly coiled to prevent transcription of genes. ...
... occurs at the level of the chromosome. Recall that during cell division the DNA coils into chromosomes, but after cell division it relaxes into chromatin. In some cells, gene regulation is accomplished when certain regions of the DNA remain tightly coiled to prevent transcription of genes. ...
Lecture Notes
... fingers can selectively bind a unique sequence of DNA. The other modules of the protein are thus targeted to a DNA sequence where they may recruit RNA polymerase and thus increase expression of down-stream genes. A.-F. Miller, 2008, pg ...
... fingers can selectively bind a unique sequence of DNA. The other modules of the protein are thus targeted to a DNA sequence where they may recruit RNA polymerase and thus increase expression of down-stream genes. A.-F. Miller, 2008, pg ...
Oct26 - Staff Web Pages
... In translation, the mRNA strand created in transcription is read and translated into a protein. The mRNA binds to a ribosome, a large organelle found in the cytoplasm. The strand of mRNA is pulled through the ribosome three bases at a time. Each of these triplets on the mRNA strand is called a codon ...
... In translation, the mRNA strand created in transcription is read and translated into a protein. The mRNA binds to a ribosome, a large organelle found in the cytoplasm. The strand of mRNA is pulled through the ribosome three bases at a time. Each of these triplets on the mRNA strand is called a codon ...
Instructional Objectives—DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis
... Objective 4: Relate the structure of DNA to its function in carrying genetic information. How does DNA carry genetic information? In sequences of Nitrogen Bases that code for a specific protein. Genes contain the instructions for making or assembling proteins. Objective 5: Compare and contrast D ...
... Objective 4: Relate the structure of DNA to its function in carrying genetic information. How does DNA carry genetic information? In sequences of Nitrogen Bases that code for a specific protein. Genes contain the instructions for making or assembling proteins. Objective 5: Compare and contrast D ...
Supplementary Methods
... plates and for the well-dependent drift caused by the instrument, we normalized all plate averages to global average, and subsequently normalized intraplate data so that a least squares fit across the plate yielded a horizontal line. Finally, the results from individual wells were normalized to thei ...
... plates and for the well-dependent drift caused by the instrument, we normalized all plate averages to global average, and subsequently normalized intraplate data so that a least squares fit across the plate yielded a horizontal line. Finally, the results from individual wells were normalized to thei ...
Non-coding RNA
A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is an RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. Less-frequently used synonyms are non-protein-coding RNA (npcRNA), non-messenger RNA (nmRNA) and functional RNA (fRNA). The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene.Non-coding RNA genes include highly abundant and functionally important RNAs such as transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as RNAs such as snoRNAs, microRNAs, siRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, and piRNAs and the long ncRNAs that include examples such as Xist and HOTAIR (see here for a more complete list of ncRNAs). The number of ncRNAs encoded within the human genome is unknown; however, recent transcriptomic and bioinformatic studies suggest the existence of thousands of ncRNAs., but see Since many of the newly identified ncRNAs have not been validated for their function, it is possible that many are non-functional. It is also likely that many ncRNAs are non functional (sometimes referred to as Junk RNA), and are the product of spurious transcription.