The Neural Bases of Cognitive Conflict and Control in Moral Judgment
... a different party. One can think of these three criteria in terms of “ME HURT YOU.” The “HURT” criterion picks out the most primitive kinds of harmful violations (e.g., assault rather than insider trading) while the “YOU” criterion ensures that the victim be vividly represented as an individual. Fin ...
... a different party. One can think of these three criteria in terms of “ME HURT YOU.” The “HURT” criterion picks out the most primitive kinds of harmful violations (e.g., assault rather than insider trading) while the “YOU” criterion ensures that the victim be vividly represented as an individual. Fin ...
... similar relations between dopamine and glutamate are observed controlling nearly identical ARS-like behaviors in Caenorhabditis elegans (Hills, Brockie, & Maricq, 2004), and there is strong evidence for similar relations in invertebrates (see Section 3.1). Evidence from molecular mechanisms in the p ...
Hemispheric Asymmetry Reduction in Older Adults
... One of the first activation studies of cognitive aging was that of Grady et al. (1994) on visual perception. During face matching, older adults showed weaker activity than younger adults showed in the occipital cortex but stronger activity in more anterior brain ...
... One of the first activation studies of cognitive aging was that of Grady et al. (1994) on visual perception. During face matching, older adults showed weaker activity than younger adults showed in the occipital cortex but stronger activity in more anterior brain ...
Logic and Complexity in Cognitive Science
... and told that all cards have a number on one side and a letter on the other. The faces visible to the subject read D, K , 3, and 7. The subject is then told “Every card which has a D on one side has a 3 on the other” and asked which cards they need to turn over to verify this rule. From a classical ...
... and told that all cards have a number on one side and a letter on the other. The faces visible to the subject read D, K , 3, and 7. The subject is then told “Every card which has a D on one side has a 3 on the other” and asked which cards they need to turn over to verify this rule. From a classical ...
Cognitive Development in Infancy
... As we first noted in Chapter 1, Piaget’s theory is based on a stage approach to development. He assumed that all children pass through a series of four universal stages in a fixed order from birth through adolescence: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. He als ...
... As we first noted in Chapter 1, Piaget’s theory is based on a stage approach to development. He assumed that all children pass through a series of four universal stages in a fixed order from birth through adolescence: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. He als ...
OpenCog: A Software Framework for Integrative Artificial General
... have contained a Special Track on Integrated Intelligence [3], and this trend is likely to continue. However, the move to more integrated intelligence approaches entails serious practical difficulties. Most AI researchers operate under extremely constrained resources, and performing system integrati ...
... have contained a Special Track on Integrated Intelligence [3], and this trend is likely to continue. However, the move to more integrated intelligence approaches entails serious practical difficulties. Most AI researchers operate under extremely constrained resources, and performing system integrati ...
Sports concussion management in the South African environment
... customising both educational programmes and clinical protocols to strive for appropriate standardised best clinical practice in this country. The integration of best practice guidelines into the BokSmart injury prevention programme has facilitated a national footprint, whilst the dividing of the cli ...
... customising both educational programmes and clinical protocols to strive for appropriate standardised best clinical practice in this country. The integration of best practice guidelines into the BokSmart injury prevention programme has facilitated a national footprint, whilst the dividing of the cli ...
Cognitive neuroscience of self-regulation failure
... behavior [38]. A recent meta-analysis of 75 articles found that implicit cognition is a strong and reliable predictor of substance use [39]. From this perspective, cognition that is spontaneously activated by stimuli from the environment alters how people act in a given situation. The ability to tra ...
... behavior [38]. A recent meta-analysis of 75 articles found that implicit cognition is a strong and reliable predictor of substance use [39]. From this perspective, cognition that is spontaneously activated by stimuli from the environment alters how people act in a given situation. The ability to tra ...
Characterizing cognition in ADHD: beyond executive dysfunction
... times (SSRT) in ADHD (Cohen’s effect size, dZ0.58) [18]. However, several potential confounds complicate the interpretation of this difference. First, children with ADHD also exhibit significantly slower RTs to Go stimuli (dZ0.52) which may disproportionately influence the calculation of the SSRT. S ...
... times (SSRT) in ADHD (Cohen’s effect size, dZ0.58) [18]. However, several potential confounds complicate the interpretation of this difference. First, children with ADHD also exhibit significantly slower RTs to Go stimuli (dZ0.52) which may disproportionately influence the calculation of the SSRT. S ...
Brain regions associated with moment-to
... and insular cortices (Menon and Uddin, 2010; Seeley et al., 2007) are intimately involved in rapid on-line adjustments in control. According to Menon and Uddin (2010) for example, the AI and dACC are core members of a larger salience network that rapidly activates to stimuli of potential motivationa ...
... and insular cortices (Menon and Uddin, 2010; Seeley et al., 2007) are intimately involved in rapid on-line adjustments in control. According to Menon and Uddin (2010) for example, the AI and dACC are core members of a larger salience network that rapidly activates to stimuli of potential motivationa ...
- Wiley Online Library
... was the learning strategies initiative.1,16 Under this initiative, a series of training strategies were outlined to enhance complex interactive skill learning using a multifaceted video game called space fortress (SF). Given that there has been a large volume of research using the same SF game, we b ...
... was the learning strategies initiative.1,16 Under this initiative, a series of training strategies were outlined to enhance complex interactive skill learning using a multifaceted video game called space fortress (SF). Given that there has been a large volume of research using the same SF game, we b ...
Subgraphs of functional brain networks identify dynamical
... block-level adjacency matrices per subject. Importantly, positive Pearson correlations underlie integrated and coherent activation between brain regions or cooperative functional interactions and negative Pearson correlations underlie segregated and discordant activation between brain regions or com ...
... block-level adjacency matrices per subject. Importantly, positive Pearson correlations underlie integrated and coherent activation between brain regions or cooperative functional interactions and negative Pearson correlations underlie segregated and discordant activation between brain regions or com ...
ppt - UC Davis Imaging Research Center
... operationalized in a variety of ways across studies No studies have been run assessing whether behavioral effects vary according to the type of switch required Only recently have attempts been made to dissociate neural activity in regard to different types of shifts (Wager, et al., 2005). We f ...
... operationalized in a variety of ways across studies No studies have been run assessing whether behavioral effects vary according to the type of switch required Only recently have attempts been made to dissociate neural activity in regard to different types of shifts (Wager, et al., 2005). We f ...
Progress Report on Alzheimer`s Disease 1) More than _____ of AD
... 22) Cooke et al. (2009) studied the increased behavioral problems of AD patients with a) depression b) urinary tract infections c) sleep apnea d) stomach ulcers 23) The Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory study found that gingko was not effective in reducing the risk of AD. a) True b) False 24) Lopez et al ...
... 22) Cooke et al. (2009) studied the increased behavioral problems of AD patients with a) depression b) urinary tract infections c) sleep apnea d) stomach ulcers 23) The Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory study found that gingko was not effective in reducing the risk of AD. a) True b) False 24) Lopez et al ...
Switching from automatic to controlled behavior: cortico - lsr
... (retroactive switching). In a pioneering study designed to explore the role of the ACC in retroactive switching [9], monkeys were trained to perform one of two different arm movements, either pushing or turning a handle, in response to a movement trigger signal. Choosing a correct movement was rewar ...
... (retroactive switching). In a pioneering study designed to explore the role of the ACC in retroactive switching [9], monkeys were trained to perform one of two different arm movements, either pushing or turning a handle, in response to a movement trigger signal. Choosing a correct movement was rewar ...
Cognitive Ability is Associated with Altered
... tasks apparently depend upon the integrity of distinct cortical regions. Touchscreen mediated visual discrimination/reversal tasks have emerged as a relevant assay for murine executive functions, and these tasks can be associated with distinct areas of the frontal cortex (Bussey et al. 2001; Brigman ...
... tasks apparently depend upon the integrity of distinct cortical regions. Touchscreen mediated visual discrimination/reversal tasks have emerged as a relevant assay for murine executive functions, and these tasks can be associated with distinct areas of the frontal cortex (Bussey et al. 2001; Brigman ...
Phraseology and linguistic theory
... However, this innuence is often not fully recognized or acknowledged, or reflected terminologically. This is undesirable, not only because it is often not easy to recognize the domains where research on phraseology has left its marks, but also because it renders the overlap of assumptions, concepts, ...
... However, this innuence is often not fully recognized or acknowledged, or reflected terminologically. This is undesirable, not only because it is often not easy to recognize the domains where research on phraseology has left its marks, but also because it renders the overlap of assumptions, concepts, ...
doc - physiologicalcomputing.org
... resonance activates the medial rPFC area. The second system related to the ToM is the mirror neuron system (MNS), which coactivates actions, intention and emotions of both the self and others (Mahy et al., 2014; Molnar-Szakacs & Uddin, 2013; Spreng et al., 2013) and includes: inferior frontal gyrus, ...
... resonance activates the medial rPFC area. The second system related to the ToM is the mirror neuron system (MNS), which coactivates actions, intention and emotions of both the self and others (Mahy et al., 2014; Molnar-Szakacs & Uddin, 2013; Spreng et al., 2013) and includes: inferior frontal gyrus, ...
Analogical Reasoning: A Core of Cognition
... search the memory for items which seem like candidates for an analogy. In certain settings, such as intelligence tests or teaching situations, the source domain may be given explicitly. Some models for analogy making even view this as the standard case and do not provide special means of retrieval. ...
... search the memory for items which seem like candidates for an analogy. In certain settings, such as intelligence tests or teaching situations, the source domain may be given explicitly. Some models for analogy making even view this as the standard case and do not provide special means of retrieval. ...
Grounding conceptual knowledge in modality
... assess directly whether conceptual representations are modality specific. One tack has been to compare the performance of participants asked to use imagery with the performance of neutral participants allowed to adopt whatever representations they choose. Amodal views predict that neutral participan ...
... assess directly whether conceptual representations are modality specific. One tack has been to compare the performance of participants asked to use imagery with the performance of neutral participants allowed to adopt whatever representations they choose. Amodal views predict that neutral participan ...
The Dual Track theory of Moral Decision-Making: A
... that this is a mistake: the neuroimaging data itself is problematic, and does not support the dual-track theory. Let me be clear about the scope of my argument. My goal is to critique the neuroimaging evidence for the dual track theory. Insofar as I attack the dual-track theory itself, I do so only ...
... that this is a mistake: the neuroimaging data itself is problematic, and does not support the dual-track theory. Let me be clear about the scope of my argument. My goal is to critique the neuroimaging evidence for the dual track theory. Insofar as I attack the dual-track theory itself, I do so only ...
Reasoning and learning by analogy: Introduction.
... born from these explorations as a methodology for computer reasoning and as a plausible model of human reasomng. In contrast to rule-based approaches to reasoning (the dominant approach in artificial intelligence at the time), case-based reasoning emphasized the usefulness of retrieving and adapting ...
... born from these explorations as a methodology for computer reasoning and as a plausible model of human reasomng. In contrast to rule-based approaches to reasoning (the dominant approach in artificial intelligence at the time), case-based reasoning emphasized the usefulness of retrieving and adapting ...
Middle Childhood and Adolescence Final Paper
... Some of these examples that are evident of her immature prefrontal cortex are how she jokes about the baby, pregnancy, and even suicide. She calls the baby a “thing” and is seen playing or goofing around with her friend when she is in labor. She makes a noose out of twizzlers to joke about killing h ...
... Some of these examples that are evident of her immature prefrontal cortex are how she jokes about the baby, pregnancy, and even suicide. She calls the baby a “thing” and is seen playing or goofing around with her friend when she is in labor. She makes a noose out of twizzlers to joke about killing h ...
pdf file
... similar types of neurons also occur in humans. Indeed, for humans from the usual imaging methods it can be found that in certain premotor areas activity occurs both when an action is observed and when the action is prepared; e.g., [11], [25] based on EEG data; [27], [49] based on PET data, [36] base ...
... similar types of neurons also occur in humans. Indeed, for humans from the usual imaging methods it can be found that in certain premotor areas activity occurs both when an action is observed and when the action is prepared; e.g., [11], [25] based on EEG data; [27], [49] based on PET data, [36] base ...
What light have resting state fMRI studies shed on cognition and
... task-based studies, wherein participants perform scannercompatible assignments while BOLD signals are recorded [6]. These usually involve manual responses to audio/ visual cues, which minimizes movement. With creative design, task-based studies can target a wide array of motoric, cognitive, and even ...
... task-based studies, wherein participants perform scannercompatible assignments while BOLD signals are recorded [6]. These usually involve manual responses to audio/ visual cues, which minimizes movement. With creative design, task-based studies can target a wide array of motoric, cognitive, and even ...