Immuno Outline Test #3 Lectures 19/20: Mechanisms of Tolerance and
... CD4+ more common, also CD8+ (cross-presentation) o Graft vs Host Disease (GVHD): donor tissue that has T cells in itrecognizes recipient molecules as foreign graft attacks tissues of host o Non-MHC Alloantigens Minor histocompatability antigens (mHA) Allograft Rejection o Hyperacute rejectio ...
... CD4+ more common, also CD8+ (cross-presentation) o Graft vs Host Disease (GVHD): donor tissue that has T cells in itrecognizes recipient molecules as foreign graft attacks tissues of host o Non-MHC Alloantigens Minor histocompatability antigens (mHA) Allograft Rejection o Hyperacute rejectio ...
Antigens and Antigen Receptors (lecture notes pages 19-24)
... Linear and Conformational Epitopes (or Antigenic Determinants) formed by 1o-4o Protein structure ...
... Linear and Conformational Epitopes (or Antigenic Determinants) formed by 1o-4o Protein structure ...
Lecture Notes: Immune System (Part I)
... Cytokines are hormone-like molecules that actto regulate immune responses. They are secreted not only by lymphocytes and macrophages but by endothelial cells, neurons, glial cells, and other types of cells. Most of the cytokines are initially named for their actions, eg, B celldifferentiating factor ...
... Cytokines are hormone-like molecules that actto regulate immune responses. They are secreted not only by lymphocytes and macrophages but by endothelial cells, neurons, glial cells, and other types of cells. Most of the cytokines are initially named for their actions, eg, B celldifferentiating factor ...
Key Questions for Understanding the Blood
... What is the buffy coat? What are leukocytes? What are platelets? The buffy coat is a thin, whitish layer formed at the junction of formed elements and plasma Leukocytes are white blood cells that act in various ways to protect the body Platelets are cell fragments that function in the clottin ...
... What is the buffy coat? What are leukocytes? What are platelets? The buffy coat is a thin, whitish layer formed at the junction of formed elements and plasma Leukocytes are white blood cells that act in various ways to protect the body Platelets are cell fragments that function in the clottin ...
Lecture 18
... • Disc-shaped cell with thick rim – 7.5 M diameter and 2.0 m thick at rim – blood type determined by surface glycoprotein and glycolipids – cytoskeletal proteins give membrane durability ...
... • Disc-shaped cell with thick rim – 7.5 M diameter and 2.0 m thick at rim – blood type determined by surface glycoprotein and glycolipids – cytoskeletal proteins give membrane durability ...
Overview ...........................................................
... device, can detect the exact concentration of sugar in a diabetic patient’s blood, communicate that amount to the patient, and even deliver an appropriate concentration of insulin in response. While there are still many challenges in simulating molecular recognition and self-assembly, scientists and ...
... device, can detect the exact concentration of sugar in a diabetic patient’s blood, communicate that amount to the patient, and even deliver an appropriate concentration of insulin in response. While there are still many challenges in simulating molecular recognition and self-assembly, scientists and ...
Defense ALL- Mus Skel Integ Imm Lymph 2016
... Antibodies are an important part of the immune system. Once they antigen attach to an _________(substance that triggers immune response), they can prevent further infection and spleen to signal the ______ liver and _______ destroy the toxic invaders. ...
... Antibodies are an important part of the immune system. Once they antigen attach to an _________(substance that triggers immune response), they can prevent further infection and spleen to signal the ______ liver and _______ destroy the toxic invaders. ...
Chapters 20, 21, and 22
... Inflammation occurs any time the body tissues are injured by physical trauma, intense heat, irritating chemicals, or infection by viruses, fungi, or bacteria. a. The four cardinal signs of acute inflammation are redness, heat, swelling, and pain. b. Chemicals cause dilation of surrounding blood vess ...
... Inflammation occurs any time the body tissues are injured by physical trauma, intense heat, irritating chemicals, or infection by viruses, fungi, or bacteria. a. The four cardinal signs of acute inflammation are redness, heat, swelling, and pain. b. Chemicals cause dilation of surrounding blood vess ...
PowerPoint Presentation: Immune System
... Phagocytes are large white cells that can engulf and digest foreign invaders. They include monocytes, which circulate in the blood, and macrophages, which are found in tissues throughout the body, as well as neutrophils, cells that circulate in the blood but move into tissues where they are needed. ...
... Phagocytes are large white cells that can engulf and digest foreign invaders. They include monocytes, which circulate in the blood, and macrophages, which are found in tissues throughout the body, as well as neutrophils, cells that circulate in the blood but move into tissues where they are needed. ...
4 Basic Principles of Immunology
... (3) Suppressor—inhibit immune reactions by decreasing the activity and division rates of B and T cells. (4) Memory—waits reintroduction of antigen, when they quickly divide and differentiate into CD8, CD4, and suppressor T cells. c) Contain the T cell receptor, a glycoprotein that recognizes and bin ...
... (3) Suppressor—inhibit immune reactions by decreasing the activity and division rates of B and T cells. (4) Memory—waits reintroduction of antigen, when they quickly divide and differentiate into CD8, CD4, and suppressor T cells. c) Contain the T cell receptor, a glycoprotein that recognizes and bin ...
Logic of the Immune System - Cancer Immunology Research
... kill cancerous cells or pathogen-infected cells to which the immunoglobulin latched on via its variable region. The ability to access the different constant regions is a differentiation event carefully controlled in the life of a B lymphocyte. For a newly generated B cell, the constant region used i ...
... kill cancerous cells or pathogen-infected cells to which the immunoglobulin latched on via its variable region. The ability to access the different constant regions is a differentiation event carefully controlled in the life of a B lymphocyte. For a newly generated B cell, the constant region used i ...
Immunology. Mucosal and Body Surface Defences Brochure
... The vast majority of medically important pathogens infect their host across a body surface such as the skin, or across a mucosal tissue such as the respiratory tract or intestines, as these sites are the ones exposed to the external environment. By focusing on immunity at mucosal and body surfaces t ...
... The vast majority of medically important pathogens infect their host across a body surface such as the skin, or across a mucosal tissue such as the respiratory tract or intestines, as these sites are the ones exposed to the external environment. By focusing on immunity at mucosal and body surfaces t ...
Natural killer cell
... lysing a virus-infected cell would only release the virions, whereas apoptosis leads to destruction of the virus inside. NK cells are activated in response to interferons or macrophage-derived cytokines. They serve to contain viral infections while the adaptive immune response is generating antigen- ...
... lysing a virus-infected cell would only release the virions, whereas apoptosis leads to destruction of the virus inside. NK cells are activated in response to interferons or macrophage-derived cytokines. They serve to contain viral infections while the adaptive immune response is generating antigen- ...
The Human Defence System
... • It produces antibodies & WBC kill infected cells • What are the WBC involved? ...
... • It produces antibodies & WBC kill infected cells • What are the WBC involved? ...
transports lymph
... Nucleus round, kidney-shaped, or horseshoe-shaped; contains more cytoplasm than does lymphocyte; 12–20 μm in diameter ...
... Nucleus round, kidney-shaped, or horseshoe-shaped; contains more cytoplasm than does lymphocyte; 12–20 μm in diameter ...
PPT Version
... consensus motif. The specificity of DNA binding was assessed by preincubating extracts with unlabeled specific NF-ƙB or unspecific (AP-1) competitor oligonucleotide. ...
... consensus motif. The specificity of DNA binding was assessed by preincubating extracts with unlabeled specific NF-ƙB or unspecific (AP-1) competitor oligonucleotide. ...
Module 6 Immunology
... Non-specific defense mechanisms that respond immediately to antigens present in the body Include: ...
... Non-specific defense mechanisms that respond immediately to antigens present in the body Include: ...
Phagocyte
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting (phagocytosing) harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Their name comes from the Greek phagein, ""to eat"" or ""devour"", and ""-cyte"", the suffix in biology denoting ""cell"", from the Greek kutos, ""hollow vessel"". They are essential for fighting infections and for subsequent immunity. Phagocytes are important throughout the animal kingdom and are highly developed within vertebrates. One litre of human blood contains about six billion phagocytes. They were first discovered in 1882 by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov while he was studying starfish larvae. Mechnikov was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery. Phagocytes occur in many species; some amoebae behave like macrophage phagocytes, which suggests that phagocytes appeared early in the evolution of life.Phagocytes of humans and other animals are called ""professional"" or ""non-professional"" depending on how effective they are at phagocytosis. The professional phagocytes include many types of white blood cells (such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells). The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects, such as bacteria, that are not normally found in the body. Phagocytes are crucial in fighting infections, as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan.During an infection, chemical signals attract phagocytes to places where the pathogen has invaded the body. These chemicals may come from bacteria or from other phagocytes already present. The phagocytes move by a method called chemotaxis. When phagocytes come into contact with bacteria, the receptors on the phagocyte's surface will bind to them. This binding will lead to the engulfing of the bacteria by the phagocyte. Some phagocytes kill the ingested pathogen with oxidants and nitric oxide. After phagocytosis, macrophages and dendritic cells can also participate in antigen presentation, a process in which a phagocyte moves parts of the ingested material back to its surface. This material is then displayed to other cells of the immune system. Some phagocytes then travel to the body's lymph nodes and display the material to white blood cells called lymphocytes. This process is important in building immunity, and many pathogens have evolved methods to evade attacks by phagocytes.