PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE AND RELATED LIPIDS
... phosphatidylcholine synthesis can lead to inhibition of growth or even cell death. Enhanced synthesis of phosphatidylcholine appears to occur in cancer cells and solid tumours, and this may prove to be a target for therapeutic agents. Whatever the mechanism of biosynthesis in tissues, it is apparent ...
... phosphatidylcholine synthesis can lead to inhibition of growth or even cell death. Enhanced synthesis of phosphatidylcholine appears to occur in cancer cells and solid tumours, and this may prove to be a target for therapeutic agents. Whatever the mechanism of biosynthesis in tissues, it is apparent ...
Stitching proteins into membranes, not sew simple
... an N-terminal domain consisting of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR, approximately 200 amino acids) could be controlled by the addition of methotrexate (MTX). In the absence of MTX, ‘loosely folded’ DHFR could be efficiently transported into the ER lumen, driven by a hydrophobic domain; while in the pr ...
... an N-terminal domain consisting of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR, approximately 200 amino acids) could be controlled by the addition of methotrexate (MTX). In the absence of MTX, ‘loosely folded’ DHFR could be efficiently transported into the ER lumen, driven by a hydrophobic domain; while in the pr ...
Specialization of Oleosins in Oil Body Dynamics
... expression profiles of the oleosins OLE1, OLE2, OLE3, OLE4, and OLE5 were investigated in siliques 4 to 22 DAF (Fig. 1A). OLE1, OLE2, and OLE3 relative transcript levels were low during early silique development and increased sharply 9 to 15 DAF, corresponding to the onset of seed maturation; mRNA le ...
... expression profiles of the oleosins OLE1, OLE2, OLE3, OLE4, and OLE5 were investigated in siliques 4 to 22 DAF (Fig. 1A). OLE1, OLE2, and OLE3 relative transcript levels were low during early silique development and increased sharply 9 to 15 DAF, corresponding to the onset of seed maturation; mRNA le ...
Coupled elasticity–diffusion model for the effects of cytoskeleton
... Nanoparticles (NPs) usually enter cells via endocytosis driven by the binding energy between diffusive receptors on the cell membranes and ligands on the surface of the NPs. This remarkable capability has resulted in the proposition of NPs as potential candidates for site-specific drug-delivery syst ...
... Nanoparticles (NPs) usually enter cells via endocytosis driven by the binding energy between diffusive receptors on the cell membranes and ligands on the surface of the NPs. This remarkable capability has resulted in the proposition of NPs as potential candidates for site-specific drug-delivery syst ...
Plant and Soil
... proliferates around the developing fungus. Alexander et al. (1989) have reported a 3.7-fold increase of host plasmalemma in arbuscule-containing cells. The ...
... proliferates around the developing fungus. Alexander et al. (1989) have reported a 3.7-fold increase of host plasmalemma in arbuscule-containing cells. The ...
MOLECULAR BASIS FOR MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPID
... of phosphate-containing lipids that are the lipid A-based (β, 10 -6-linked disaccharide of glucosamine decorated with six fatty acids and two phosphates) portion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (22) and make up the outer lipid monolayer of the outer membrane (23); phospholipids make up the inner monolay ...
... of phosphate-containing lipids that are the lipid A-based (β, 10 -6-linked disaccharide of glucosamine decorated with six fatty acids and two phosphates) portion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (22) and make up the outer lipid monolayer of the outer membrane (23); phospholipids make up the inner monolay ...
Modification of intracellular membrane structures for virus
... the best-studied member of the Hepacivirus genus. HCV infection is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and affects 170 million people worldwide4. Two viruses that are closely related to HCV, GB virus (GBV) and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), are oft ...
... the best-studied member of the Hepacivirus genus. HCV infection is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and affects 170 million people worldwide4. Two viruses that are closely related to HCV, GB virus (GBV) and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), are oft ...
Alkaline Southern Blotting Kit with 11 × 14 cm BioBond™ Plus
... If membranes are to be stripped and reprobed, it is imperative that they are never allowed to dry out after being exposed to probe in hybridizations. Upon drying, the probe may become irreversibly bound to the membrane. Three procedures for stripping labeled probes from membranes are outlined below. ...
... If membranes are to be stripped and reprobed, it is imperative that they are never allowed to dry out after being exposed to probe in hybridizations. Upon drying, the probe may become irreversibly bound to the membrane. Three procedures for stripping labeled probes from membranes are outlined below. ...
Sequential steps in clathrin-mediated synaptic vesicle endocytosis
... Onset of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in the endocytic zone of a central synapse. (a,b) Three-dimensional reconstructions of the plasma membrane at a synaptic release site in a lamprey reticulospinal axon. The red area corresponds to the active zone. The axon was first stimulated at 20 Hz for 20 mi ...
... Onset of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in the endocytic zone of a central synapse. (a,b) Three-dimensional reconstructions of the plasma membrane at a synaptic release site in a lamprey reticulospinal axon. The red area corresponds to the active zone. The axon was first stimulated at 20 Hz for 20 mi ...
Storage lipids of yeasts: a survey of nonpolar lipid metabolism in
... defects in these processes are related to severe human diseases. The baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has become a valuable tool to study eukaryotic lipid metabolism because this single-cell microorganism harbors many enzymes and pathways with counterparts in mammalian cells. In this article, ...
... defects in these processes are related to severe human diseases. The baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has become a valuable tool to study eukaryotic lipid metabolism because this single-cell microorganism harbors many enzymes and pathways with counterparts in mammalian cells. In this article, ...
Membrane Topology of Cytochrome P450 2B4 in
... non-membrane-spanning binding site. Additionally, a comparison of the interaction of the wild- type protein and the truncated cytochrome with the monolayers can be used to determine if the amino- terminal segment is the primary membrane binding segment as proposed by several groups (13–18). In addit ...
... non-membrane-spanning binding site. Additionally, a comparison of the interaction of the wild- type protein and the truncated cytochrome with the monolayers can be used to determine if the amino- terminal segment is the primary membrane binding segment as proposed by several groups (13–18). In addit ...
The endocytosis of cellulose synthase in
... proteins involved in CME. A dynamin-related protein, DRP1A, plays a significant ...
... proteins involved in CME. A dynamin-related protein, DRP1A, plays a significant ...
Plant and Soil
... Sussman, 1994). For instance, it has been shown that transcriptional regulation of the H+ -ATPase genes accounts for the tissue specific distribution of this enzyme in plants (Harper et al., 1994; Houlné and Boutry, 1994) and for the glucose activation of ATPases in yeasts (Rao et al., 1993). Moreov ...
... Sussman, 1994). For instance, it has been shown that transcriptional regulation of the H+ -ATPase genes accounts for the tissue specific distribution of this enzyme in plants (Harper et al., 1994; Houlné and Boutry, 1994) and for the glucose activation of ATPases in yeasts (Rao et al., 1993). Moreov ...
TRANSPORT PROCESSES
... SLIDE 1 A typical mammalian cell contains up to 10,000 different kinds of proteins. The vast majority of these proteins are synthesized by cytosolic ribosomes, and many remain within the cytosol. However, as many as half the different kinds of proteins produced in a typical cell are delivered to a p ...
... SLIDE 1 A typical mammalian cell contains up to 10,000 different kinds of proteins. The vast majority of these proteins are synthesized by cytosolic ribosomes, and many remain within the cytosol. However, as many as half the different kinds of proteins produced in a typical cell are delivered to a p ...
Regulation of phospholipase D activity, membrane targeting and
... a radioactive form of one of these derivatives was used to label the protein in a manner that could be protected by an excess of PtdIns(4,5)P2 but not by other phosphoinositides or other acidic lipids that do not activate the enzyme [16]. Taken together, these results strongly suggested that a bindi ...
... a radioactive form of one of these derivatives was used to label the protein in a manner that could be protected by an excess of PtdIns(4,5)P2 but not by other phosphoinositides or other acidic lipids that do not activate the enzyme [16]. Taken together, these results strongly suggested that a bindi ...
Hydrophobic-at-Interface Regions in Viral Fusion Protein Ectodomains
... Consequently, the envelope glycoproteins promoting virus-cell fusion constitute an important target for the development of antiviral therapies (Luo et al., 1997; Kilby et al., 1998). These integral membrane type-1 proteins bring about the fusion of the cell membrane and the viral envelope through a ...
... Consequently, the envelope glycoproteins promoting virus-cell fusion constitute an important target for the development of antiviral therapies (Luo et al., 1997; Kilby et al., 1998). These integral membrane type-1 proteins bring about the fusion of the cell membrane and the viral envelope through a ...
Multiple Exocytotic Markers Accumulate at the Sites of Perifungal
... appearance of the perifungal membrane; (iii) PPA-like aggregates are also observed in advance of arbuscule branch development; and (iv) plant mutants for SYM pathway genes, where PPA assembly is hampered, are not successfully colonized by AM fungi. The aim of the reported research is to investigate ...
... appearance of the perifungal membrane; (iii) PPA-like aggregates are also observed in advance of arbuscule branch development; and (iv) plant mutants for SYM pathway genes, where PPA assembly is hampered, are not successfully colonized by AM fungi. The aim of the reported research is to investigate ...
Biogenesis and origin of thylakoid membranes
... Thylakoids are lipid bilayers with a unique glycerolipid composition di¡erent from other cell membranes. Thylakoid lipids have a high content, about 70^80%, of galactosyl diglycerides and both monogalactosyl diacylglycerol and digalactosyl diacylglycerol are lipids nearly exclusively found in plasti ...
... Thylakoids are lipid bilayers with a unique glycerolipid composition di¡erent from other cell membranes. Thylakoid lipids have a high content, about 70^80%, of galactosyl diglycerides and both monogalactosyl diacylglycerol and digalactosyl diacylglycerol are lipids nearly exclusively found in plasti ...
Receptor Fragments: Intracellular Signaling and
... Her22/neu) [1] have been reported to localize to the nucleus, either as holoproteins or protein cleavage fragments (Fig. 1). In fact, the most innovative and exciting studies at the receptor forefront converge on the idea that many conventional plasma membrane receptors also accumulate within cell n ...
... Her22/neu) [1] have been reported to localize to the nucleus, either as holoproteins or protein cleavage fragments (Fig. 1). In fact, the most innovative and exciting studies at the receptor forefront converge on the idea that many conventional plasma membrane receptors also accumulate within cell n ...
University of Groningen The role of antibodies in controlling
... membranes are still intact. Finally, a fusion pore is formed and after enlargement of the pore, the nucleocapsid is released into the cytosol. Role of cholesterol in flavivirus membrane fusion Besides the mildly acidic endosomal pH, it is the composition of the target membrane that plays an importan ...
... membranes are still intact. Finally, a fusion pore is formed and after enlargement of the pore, the nucleocapsid is released into the cytosol. Role of cholesterol in flavivirus membrane fusion Besides the mildly acidic endosomal pH, it is the composition of the target membrane that plays an importan ...
Journal of Food Science
... cultivars (Sweeny et al., 1969) and higher than those found in either Kennebec or Russet Burbank cultivars, although the latter were analyzed for ascorbic acid only (Shekhar et al., 1978). The influence of storage on the vitamin C content of tubers is shown in Fig. 1. Potatoes lost 40% of the vitami ...
... cultivars (Sweeny et al., 1969) and higher than those found in either Kennebec or Russet Burbank cultivars, although the latter were analyzed for ascorbic acid only (Shekhar et al., 1978). The influence of storage on the vitamin C content of tubers is shown in Fig. 1. Potatoes lost 40% of the vitami ...
Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy for characterisation of
... GABA, γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (receptors); GDP, Guanosine-5′-diphosphate; GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor; GTP, Guanosine-5′-triphosphate; hOR17-4, Human olfactory receptor 17-4; HPA, Hydrophobic association (sensor chip); hPRR, Human (pro)renin receptor; HTA, ω-Hydroxy-undecanethiol; MSP, Membr ...
... GABA, γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (receptors); GDP, Guanosine-5′-diphosphate; GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor; GTP, Guanosine-5′-triphosphate; hOR17-4, Human olfactory receptor 17-4; HPA, Hydrophobic association (sensor chip); hPRR, Human (pro)renin receptor; HTA, ω-Hydroxy-undecanethiol; MSP, Membr ...
The syndapin protein family: linking membrane trafficking with the
... similar to those of syndapins in connecting vesicle fission with the cytoskeleton (Kessels and Qualmann, 2002; Orth and McNiven, 2003). Both bind to actin and dynamin through independent domains (Kessels et al., 2001; McNiven et al., 2000). By contrast, syndapins use their single SH3 domain for asso ...
... similar to those of syndapins in connecting vesicle fission with the cytoskeleton (Kessels and Qualmann, 2002; Orth and McNiven, 2003). Both bind to actin and dynamin through independent domains (Kessels et al., 2001; McNiven et al., 2000). By contrast, syndapins use their single SH3 domain for asso ...
Doehrty-McMahon 2009
... (Figure 2) (4, 9). EM, however, requires fixed samples, so it is difficult to ascertain whether all invaginated CCPs, and other membrane invaginations observed by this technique, subsequently undergo scission from the plasma membrane. Only with the development of total internal reflection fluorescence m ...
... (Figure 2) (4, 9). EM, however, requires fixed samples, so it is difficult to ascertain whether all invaginated CCPs, and other membrane invaginations observed by this technique, subsequently undergo scission from the plasma membrane. Only with the development of total internal reflection fluorescence m ...
Lipid raft
The plasma membranes of cells contain combinations of glycosphingolipids and protein receptors organized in glycolipoprotein microdomains termed lipid rafts. These specialized membrane microdomains compartmentalize cellular processes by serving as organizing centers for the assembly of signaling molecules, influencing membrane fluidity and membrane protein trafficking, and regulating neurotransmission and receptor trafficking. Lipid rafts are more ordered and tightly packed than the surrounding bilayer, but float freely in the membrane bilayer. Although more common in plasma membrane, lipid rafts have also been reported in other parts of the cell, such as Golgi and lysosomes.