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... Utilitarianism — moral actions are those that produce the greatest net pleasure compared with net pain. – Act Utilitarianism — assesses each act according to whether it maximizes pleasure over pain. – Rule Utilitarianism — supports rules that on balance produce the greatest pleasure for society. ...
... Utilitarianism — moral actions are those that produce the greatest net pleasure compared with net pain. – Act Utilitarianism — assesses each act according to whether it maximizes pleasure over pain. – Rule Utilitarianism — supports rules that on balance produce the greatest pleasure for society. ...
Introduction to Moral Heteronomy. History, Proposals, Arguments
... The early rationalist agenda questioned such a voluntarist stance of the foundation of ethics, at least on some very natural readings of Spinoza’s and Leibniz’s texts. It is customary to sketch this position in terms of the conjunction of realism, innatism and necessitarianism towards the natural la ...
... The early rationalist agenda questioned such a voluntarist stance of the foundation of ethics, at least on some very natural readings of Spinoza’s and Leibniz’s texts. It is customary to sketch this position in terms of the conjunction of realism, innatism and necessitarianism towards the natural la ...
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... their own species (e.g. Doctor Who's ambivalence regarding human propensities for good and evil) ...
... their own species (e.g. Doctor Who's ambivalence regarding human propensities for good and evil) ...
Kidder: How Good People Make Tough Choices
... pursues his own interests, the social good would automatically emerge. As such, the rights of the individual are to be preserved. By “community” it is meant that the needs of the majority outweigh the interests of the individual. Communities speak to us in a moral voice. They lay claims on their mem ...
... pursues his own interests, the social good would automatically emerge. As such, the rights of the individual are to be preserved. By “community” it is meant that the needs of the majority outweigh the interests of the individual. Communities speak to us in a moral voice. They lay claims on their mem ...
Defining Ethical Leadership - University of the Free State
... It argues that all sectors of society must be involved in the processes of transforming and make their own unique contribution for the benefit of the country as a whole, but its focus is on the religious ...
... It argues that all sectors of society must be involved in the processes of transforming and make their own unique contribution for the benefit of the country as a whole, but its focus is on the religious ...
Moral Development
... At this stage the physical consequences of an act wholly determine the goodness or badness of that act. The child’s reasons for doing he right thing are to avoid punishment or to defer to the superior physical power of authorities. There is little awareness that others have needs and desires similar ...
... At this stage the physical consequences of an act wholly determine the goodness or badness of that act. The child’s reasons for doing he right thing are to avoid punishment or to defer to the superior physical power of authorities. There is little awareness that others have needs and desires similar ...
Set 6: Kantian Ethics
... The Categorical Imperative offers a way to doing the right thing by asking, “What if everyone did it?” By universalizing moral reasoning, Kant thought we’d all do what’s best. The Humanitarian Principle underscored the importance of not just using others for our ends. Kant saw the individual more im ...
... The Categorical Imperative offers a way to doing the right thing by asking, “What if everyone did it?” By universalizing moral reasoning, Kant thought we’d all do what’s best. The Humanitarian Principle underscored the importance of not just using others for our ends. Kant saw the individual more im ...
Fairy Tales Terms
... • A narrative technique in which characters representing things or abstract ideas are used to convey a message or teach a lesson. Allegory is typically used to teach moral, ethical, or religious lessons but is sometimes used for satiric or political purposes. ...
... • A narrative technique in which characters representing things or abstract ideas are used to convey a message or teach a lesson. Allegory is typically used to teach moral, ethical, or religious lessons but is sometimes used for satiric or political purposes. ...
Chapter 6
... theory in classical form Theistic – assumes that there is a divine entity that has given us reason to be able to comprehend order of ...
... theory in classical form Theistic – assumes that there is a divine entity that has given us reason to be able to comprehend order of ...
Philosophers in Jesuit Education Eastern APA Meetings, December 2011 Discussion Starter
... should try to become better. There is, for most of us, a gap between our actual selves and the selves that we should aim to be. My topic for this evening is about the reasons that we have to improve our own moral characters and perhaps more contentiously, about the reasons we have to help others imp ...
... should try to become better. There is, for most of us, a gap between our actual selves and the selves that we should aim to be. My topic for this evening is about the reasons that we have to improve our own moral characters and perhaps more contentiously, about the reasons we have to help others imp ...
SOCRATES
... • Topic: the nature of some moral virtue (areté), such as courage, piety, self-control or justice. • Aims: Testing ideas for logical consistency; proving that politicians and others who have claimed to have ‘wisdom’ about human affairs in fact lacked it; drawing attention to at least apparent errors ...
... • Topic: the nature of some moral virtue (areté), such as courage, piety, self-control or justice. • Aims: Testing ideas for logical consistency; proving that politicians and others who have claimed to have ‘wisdom’ about human affairs in fact lacked it; drawing attention to at least apparent errors ...
CHAPTER 6
... • (2) Therefore, there is no objective “truth” in morality. Right and wrong are only matters of opinion, and opinions vary from culture to culture. ...
... • (2) Therefore, there is no objective “truth” in morality. Right and wrong are only matters of opinion, and opinions vary from culture to culture. ...
1. What is natural resource economics & why is it important?
... Decisions--the moral/ethical problemsolving or decision making process: 1. Identify a normative or moral assertion (i.e., “I believe in the death penalty”). 2. Support with reasons (empirical facts, moral facts & beliefs). 3. Reflect on reasons (evaluate). 4. Weigh reasons using some ethical standa ...
... Decisions--the moral/ethical problemsolving or decision making process: 1. Identify a normative or moral assertion (i.e., “I believe in the death penalty”). 2. Support with reasons (empirical facts, moral facts & beliefs). 3. Reflect on reasons (evaluate). 4. Weigh reasons using some ethical standa ...
SEEING THE LIGHT
... Immanuel Kant—seeks to universalize ethical decisionmaking, so choose that course of action that we would be willing to have all others follow our example. ...
... Immanuel Kant—seeks to universalize ethical decisionmaking, so choose that course of action that we would be willing to have all others follow our example. ...
Cultural Relativism Slides
... Different Societies have different moral codes No objective standards in ethics Moral code of one’s society has no special status Every moral standard is culture-bound No universal moral values or norms ...
... Different Societies have different moral codes No objective standards in ethics Moral code of one’s society has no special status Every moral standard is culture-bound No universal moral values or norms ...
Why Do We Need Ethical Theories?
... Instead of asking, "what should I do in such and such a situation?", a virtue ethicist asks: "what kind of person should I be?" The emphasis is on being a moral person - not simply understanding what moral rules are and how they apply in certain situations. Whole deontological and utilitarian theori ...
... Instead of asking, "what should I do in such and such a situation?", a virtue ethicist asks: "what kind of person should I be?" The emphasis is on being a moral person - not simply understanding what moral rules are and how they apply in certain situations. Whole deontological and utilitarian theori ...
The Leader as an Individual
... • An evaluation (either positive or negative) about people, events, or things. • Self-Concept – The collection of attitudes we have about ourselves; includes self-esteem and whether a person generally has a positive or negative feeling about him/herself. ...
... • An evaluation (either positive or negative) about people, events, or things. • Self-Concept – The collection of attitudes we have about ourselves; includes self-esteem and whether a person generally has a positive or negative feeling about him/herself. ...
Introduction to Ethical Leadership - “Let the Games Begin”
... By giving reasons for its judgments and prohibitions, its central purpose is to secure valid principles of conduct and values that can be instrumental in guiding actions and producing good character. Looks very good on a resume! ...
... By giving reasons for its judgments and prohibitions, its central purpose is to secure valid principles of conduct and values that can be instrumental in guiding actions and producing good character. Looks very good on a resume! ...
Philosophy 224
... can be used to guide correct moral reasoning about matters of moral concern. 2. Theoretical Aim: identify the features of actions or persons that make them right or wrong, good or bad. ...
... can be used to guide correct moral reasoning about matters of moral concern. 2. Theoretical Aim: identify the features of actions or persons that make them right or wrong, good or bad. ...
Kant and the Moral Will
... be rejected, not because of any disadvantage accruing to me or even to others, but because it cannot be fitting as a principle in a possible legislation of universal law, and reason exacts from me immediate respect for such legislation. (15) VII. Questions and Concerns 1) Isn’t the good will part of ...
... be rejected, not because of any disadvantage accruing to me or even to others, but because it cannot be fitting as a principle in a possible legislation of universal law, and reason exacts from me immediate respect for such legislation. (15) VII. Questions and Concerns 1) Isn’t the good will part of ...
Why teach ethics? - Stevens Institute of Technology
... business leaders today, a self-conscious corrective to earlier greed-inspired visions of the corporation. Despite this shift, the corporation itself has not changed. It remains, as it was at the time of its origins....,a legally designated ‘person’ designed to valorize self-interest and invalidate m ...
... business leaders today, a self-conscious corrective to earlier greed-inspired visions of the corporation. Despite this shift, the corporation itself has not changed. It remains, as it was at the time of its origins....,a legally designated ‘person’ designed to valorize self-interest and invalidate m ...
Notes on James Garvey, The Ethics of Climate Change
... “Living deliberately, to borrow Thoreau’s excellent turn of phrase, is not something most of us do. There’s not much wrong with this, of course, and it would be preposterous to suggest that we all attend to our lives as carefully as did Thoreau. It is, anyway, true that we do not think much about ho ...
... “Living deliberately, to borrow Thoreau’s excellent turn of phrase, is not something most of us do. There’s not much wrong with this, of course, and it would be preposterous to suggest that we all attend to our lives as carefully as did Thoreau. It is, anyway, true that we do not think much about ho ...
An Introduction to Medical Ethics
... o The individual becomes aware that while rules/laws might exist for the good of the greatest number, there are times when they will work against the individual (Heinz’s dilemma) ...
... o The individual becomes aware that while rules/laws might exist for the good of the greatest number, there are times when they will work against the individual (Heinz’s dilemma) ...