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Name: Cell City Floating around in the cytoplasm are small
Name: Cell City Floating around in the cytoplasm are small

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Lesson 5 Plant and Animal Cells

... • Cell membrane - A thin layer that surrounds a cell. It is located just inside the cell wall and acts like a guard, allowing some substances to pass through it while keeping others out. • Cell wall - A tough, rigid layer that surrounds a plant cell. Cell walls can also attach to other cell walls to ...
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Cell Membrane

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... phosphoserine and phosphothreonine. 7. Growth factors such as insulin act by triggering the phosphorylation of the hydroxyl group of tyrosine residues to form phosphotyrosine. 8. The fact that phosphorylation modifies activity suggests that phosphorylation changes structure. There are many transcrip ...
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Amino acids

... Quaternary structure results from the aggregation of two or more polypeptide subunits. However, protein conformation also depends on the physical and chemical conditions of the protein’s environment. – Alterations in pH, salt concentration, temperature, or other factors can unravel or denature a pro ...
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Signal transduction



Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.
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