33_organelles.txt 3/25/2010 Limited proteolysis, phosphorylation
... disease. Their membranes contain hydrogen ion pumps and chloride ion channel proteins that maintain an interior pH of about 4.8, ideal for their proteasomes and other hydrolytic enzymes. Autophagy occurs in, FTP, these organelles responsible for enzymatic digestion of cell components and ingested ma ...
... disease. Their membranes contain hydrogen ion pumps and chloride ion channel proteins that maintain an interior pH of about 4.8, ideal for their proteasomes and other hydrolytic enzymes. Autophagy occurs in, FTP, these organelles responsible for enzymatic digestion of cell components and ingested ma ...
Smell and Taste: The Chemical Senses
... transduction, like visual transduction, proceeds via a G protein-coupled mechanism. The existence of an ionic conductance in olfactory cilia that is gated by cyclic nucleotides further suggests a mechanism by which odorant-induced elevations in cAMP could be translated into changes in membrane poten ...
... transduction, like visual transduction, proceeds via a G protein-coupled mechanism. The existence of an ionic conductance in olfactory cilia that is gated by cyclic nucleotides further suggests a mechanism by which odorant-induced elevations in cAMP could be translated into changes in membrane poten ...
Pharmacology 13a – Atherosclerosis and Lipid Metabolism
... To give an outline of the process of atherosclerosis To summarise the metabolism of lipoproteins To describe the mechanisms of action of the major lipid-lowering drugs To outline the clinical evidence for their effect on cardiovascular disease ...
... To give an outline of the process of atherosclerosis To summarise the metabolism of lipoproteins To describe the mechanisms of action of the major lipid-lowering drugs To outline the clinical evidence for their effect on cardiovascular disease ...
Specialized filopodia direct long-range transport of SHH
... filopodial extensions, far from the cell body. Stabilized interactions are formed between filopodia containing SHH ligand and those containing co-receptors over a long range. These results suggest that contact-mediated release propagated by specialized filopodia contributes to the delivery of SHH at ...
... filopodial extensions, far from the cell body. Stabilized interactions are formed between filopodia containing SHH ligand and those containing co-receptors over a long range. These results suggest that contact-mediated release propagated by specialized filopodia contributes to the delivery of SHH at ...
Gene Section CYP7A1 (cytochrome P450, family 7, subfamily A, polypeptide 1)
... receptors (Staudinger et al., 2001; Han and Chiang, 2009). Bile acids are also reported to suppress CYP7A1 via stimulation of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-1beta) and mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways leading to the activation of cJun N-terminus k ...
... receptors (Staudinger et al., 2001; Han and Chiang, 2009). Bile acids are also reported to suppress CYP7A1 via stimulation of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-1beta) and mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways leading to the activation of cJun N-terminus k ...
The Predicted Candidates of Arabidopsis Plastid Inner Envelope
... various types. First, as mentioned above, the specificity of TargetP prediction is lower than the sensitivity. Because we did not employ any specificity cutoff for TargetP prediction and used low stringency for transmembrane prediction (transmembrane domain probability ⬎ 50%), these 541 candidates m ...
... various types. First, as mentioned above, the specificity of TargetP prediction is lower than the sensitivity. Because we did not employ any specificity cutoff for TargetP prediction and used low stringency for transmembrane prediction (transmembrane domain probability ⬎ 50%), these 541 candidates m ...
File
... The actin filaments interact with myosin motors, proteins composed of two sets of heavy chain and four sets of light chains. Myosin II polymers form bipolar filaments that interact with actin stress fibers. Myosin II molecular motors generate cellular tension, thus detaching the cell from a substrat ...
... The actin filaments interact with myosin motors, proteins composed of two sets of heavy chain and four sets of light chains. Myosin II polymers form bipolar filaments that interact with actin stress fibers. Myosin II molecular motors generate cellular tension, thus detaching the cell from a substrat ...
Recent Advances in Target Characterization and Identification by
... contains a photoaffinity tag for cross-linking to proteins and a secondary tag for subsequent analysis (Figure 4). These probes employed phosphatidylinositol polyphosphates (PIPns), which are lipids that regulate critical biological processes related to diseases, and also act as site-specific ligand ...
... contains a photoaffinity tag for cross-linking to proteins and a secondary tag for subsequent analysis (Figure 4). These probes employed phosphatidylinositol polyphosphates (PIPns), which are lipids that regulate critical biological processes related to diseases, and also act as site-specific ligand ...
Concepts of Biology
... The microscopes we use today are far more complex than those used in the 1600s by Antony van Leeuwenhoek, a Dutch shopkeeper who had great skill in crafting lenses. Despite the limitations of his now-ancient lenses, van Leeuwenhoek observed the movements of protists (a type of single-celled organism ...
... The microscopes we use today are far more complex than those used in the 1600s by Antony van Leeuwenhoek, a Dutch shopkeeper who had great skill in crafting lenses. Despite the limitations of his now-ancient lenses, van Leeuwenhoek observed the movements of protists (a type of single-celled organism ...
Vitamins
... protein/kg body weight. The RDA covers the needs for replacing worn-out tissue, so it increases for larger people; it also covers the needs for building new tissue during growth, so it increases for infants, children and pregnant women. The protein RDA is the same for athletes as for others. ...
... protein/kg body weight. The RDA covers the needs for replacing worn-out tissue, so it increases for larger people; it also covers the needs for building new tissue during growth, so it increases for infants, children and pregnant women. The protein RDA is the same for athletes as for others. ...
AP Biology Cellular Respiration Notes 9.1
... 9.23 Describe the evidence that suggests that Glycolysis is an ancient metabolic pathway. ...
... 9.23 Describe the evidence that suggests that Glycolysis is an ancient metabolic pathway. ...
Chemical–Biological Studies of Subcellular Organization in Bacteria
... the septum by synthases associated with FtsZ but does not affect the insertion of cell wall precursors along the cylindrical region of cells.17 Evaluation of the Potency and Specificity of Putative FtsZ Inhibitors in Vivo. Several other small molecules have been identified as FtsZ inhibitors; below we ...
... the septum by synthases associated with FtsZ but does not affect the insertion of cell wall precursors along the cylindrical region of cells.17 Evaluation of the Potency and Specificity of Putative FtsZ Inhibitors in Vivo. Several other small molecules have been identified as FtsZ inhibitors; below we ...
Histone H3 Phosphorylation Is Coupled to Poly-(ADP
... breaks in DNA, rapid growth arrest, modulation of stress- and growth-gene expression, and cell death (Monks and Lau, 1998). The signal transduction pathways activated during the commitment phase of oncotic cell death are insufficiently characterized. A pivotal event during the cell cycle is the timi ...
... breaks in DNA, rapid growth arrest, modulation of stress- and growth-gene expression, and cell death (Monks and Lau, 1998). The signal transduction pathways activated during the commitment phase of oncotic cell death are insufficiently characterized. A pivotal event during the cell cycle is the timi ...
mRNA delivery for
... Background: Generating autologous pluripotent stem cells for therapeutic applications will require the development of efficient DNA-free reprogramming techniques. Transfecting cells with in vitro-transcribed, protein-encoding RNA is a straightforward method of directly expressing high levels of repr ...
... Background: Generating autologous pluripotent stem cells for therapeutic applications will require the development of efficient DNA-free reprogramming techniques. Transfecting cells with in vitro-transcribed, protein-encoding RNA is a straightforward method of directly expressing high levels of repr ...
Genome-Wide Identification of Target Genes for the Key B
... the formation of ASCs. One mechanism by which Ets1 regulates this process is by forming a protein–protein complex with Blimp1 resulting in the inhibition of Blimp1 DNA binding (22, 29). Ets1 may also regulate B cell differentiation through direct binding to target genes. To date, only a few such ta ...
... the formation of ASCs. One mechanism by which Ets1 regulates this process is by forming a protein–protein complex with Blimp1 resulting in the inhibition of Blimp1 DNA binding (22, 29). Ets1 may also regulate B cell differentiation through direct binding to target genes. To date, only a few such ta ...
Cell Adhesion Molecules in Neural Stem Cell and
... Cadherins, a family of calcium-dependent CAMs, are the major architectural molecules mediating cell-cell adhesion of extracellular domains at intercellular junctions. The cadherin superfamily consists of four subgroups, including classic cadherins, protocadherins, desmo‐ somal and unconventional cad ...
... Cadherins, a family of calcium-dependent CAMs, are the major architectural molecules mediating cell-cell adhesion of extracellular domains at intercellular junctions. The cadherin superfamily consists of four subgroups, including classic cadherins, protocadherins, desmo‐ somal and unconventional cad ...
Spnr, a Murine RNA-binding Protein That Is Localized to
... vimentin and tubulin mRNAs have been found in the cytoskeletal framework fraction of NIH3T3 cells (Sharpless et al., 1993) and may have a role in localizing these messages along the cytoskeleton within these cells. Since 3' UTR sequences are involved in many aspects of mRNA metabolism, including tra ...
... vimentin and tubulin mRNAs have been found in the cytoskeletal framework fraction of NIH3T3 cells (Sharpless et al., 1993) and may have a role in localizing these messages along the cytoskeleton within these cells. Since 3' UTR sequences are involved in many aspects of mRNA metabolism, including tra ...
Transport of virally expressed green fluorescent protein through the
... type) to give sp-GFP. ClaI and NsiI restriction-enzyme recognition sequences engineered into the mutagenic oligonucleotides allowed the overlap extension PCR product to be cloned into ClaI/NsiIdigested potato virus ´ expression vector (pTXS.P3C2; data not shown), giving rise to the plasmid pTXS.sp-G ...
... type) to give sp-GFP. ClaI and NsiI restriction-enzyme recognition sequences engineered into the mutagenic oligonucleotides allowed the overlap extension PCR product to be cloned into ClaI/NsiIdigested potato virus ´ expression vector (pTXS.P3C2; data not shown), giving rise to the plasmid pTXS.sp-G ...
Translocation of Globin Fusion Proteins across the Endoplasmic
... K, some with 1% Triton (lanes G and J) added. Samples were immunoprecipitated either with anti-globin (lanes A, B, E-G) or antiprolactin (lanes C, D, H-J) antiserum and subjected to SDS PAGE. Gels were fluorographed, and bands were visualized by autoradiography. Large arrowheads indicate mature prol ...
... K, some with 1% Triton (lanes G and J) added. Samples were immunoprecipitated either with anti-globin (lanes A, B, E-G) or antiprolactin (lanes C, D, H-J) antiserum and subjected to SDS PAGE. Gels were fluorographed, and bands were visualized by autoradiography. Large arrowheads indicate mature prol ...
Document
... mice, and bars indicating mean values. Trend lines indicate median growth over time during indicated period. Dropout is due to mortality (see Fig. 7C). C Analysis of tumor burden by microscopic dissection on the final day of the experiment (day 68 post-engraftment). With the number of tumor-free mi ...
... mice, and bars indicating mean values. Trend lines indicate median growth over time during indicated period. Dropout is due to mortality (see Fig. 7C). C Analysis of tumor burden by microscopic dissection on the final day of the experiment (day 68 post-engraftment). With the number of tumor-free mi ...
Cellular uptake of fatty acids driven by the ER-localized acyl
... glucose has been shown to rely on membrane proteins creating a channel in the plasma membrane through which molecules enter the intracellular environment. However, the molecular mechanism for the transport of fatty acids across the plasma membrane has remained unresolved. Although there is general a ...
... glucose has been shown to rely on membrane proteins creating a channel in the plasma membrane through which molecules enter the intracellular environment. However, the molecular mechanism for the transport of fatty acids across the plasma membrane has remained unresolved. Although there is general a ...
Sensing minute changes in biological cell monolayers with THz
... measurements of how these cells respond to specific stimuli over time. But a wide range of cellular behaviors occur at a small enough scale that they are not detectable using these devices. For example, the electrical impedance across a monolayer of cells is caused by very close association between ...
... measurements of how these cells respond to specific stimuli over time. But a wide range of cellular behaviors occur at a small enough scale that they are not detectable using these devices. For example, the electrical impedance across a monolayer of cells is caused by very close association between ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.