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Seafloor Spreading Notes - mrs. villarreal`s orange team science
Seafloor Spreading Notes - mrs. villarreal`s orange team science

... • If OLD ocean floor is subducted FASTER than new ocean floor is produced, the ocean floor SHRINKS, which would “pull” continents TOGETHER. ...
exploring the ocean floor - Brighten Academy​Middle School
exploring the ocean floor - Brighten Academy​Middle School

... Extends from the base of the continental rise into deep ocean basins. Among Earth’s flattest and smoothest regions an the least explored. Formed by particles of sediment slowly drifting onto the deep ocean floor. Most abyssal plains occur in the Atlantic and Indian oceans. Cover about 40% of the oce ...
Chapter 20 Study Notes Ocean Water
Chapter 20 Study Notes Ocean Water

... – Gases – cold ...
Chapter 20 Study Notes Ocean Water
Chapter 20 Study Notes Ocean Water

... – colder, – sinks ...
Lesson One: Charleston, SC – From Image to Map
Lesson One: Charleston, SC – From Image to Map

...  The development of offshore oil terminals versus recreational use of the environment – leaving it in its natural state.  The development of waterfront homes versus the preservation of the area for aesthetic value. ...
Press Release - English ()
Press Release - English ()

... drilling will penetrate a further 1.2 kilometers beneath the seafloor, where layers of sediment and rock reach temperatures of 130°C (266°F), far above water’s boiling point at Earth’s surface. Mission elements: • 31 researchers from 8 nations • World’s largest, most stable scientific research ship ...
Section 1 — Introducing the Region: Physical
Section 1 — Introducing the Region: Physical

... Oceania Australia is the largest landmass in Oceania. Most of the country is low-lying and very flat. One major mountain range, Great Dividing Range, runs along the eastern edge. The interior of Australia, called the outback, is a series of low plateaus[plateau: a raised area of land, such as a hill ...
Seafloor Spreading
Seafloor Spreading

... 2. The magma erupts as lava and forms new seafloor. Magnetic polarity is set when rock cools. 3. The newly-formed rock is pushed away from the ridge axis as more lava erupts. 4. If the oceanic crust reaches a deep sea trench, it sinks into the trench and is lost into the mantle. ...
We are clearly in motion when we are present on any of the plates
We are clearly in motion when we are present on any of the plates

... plate tectonic theory. The chain of islands was formed by the Pacific Plate moving over a stationary hotspot within the mantle. As the plate moved over the hotspot, volcanic activity formed new islands. As a matter of fact, a future island named Loihi Seamount is forming to the southeast of the big ...
Tectonic Plate Movements and Hotspots
Tectonic Plate Movements and Hotspots

... plate tectonic theory. The chain of islands was formed by the Pacific Plate moving over a stationary hotspot within the mantle. As the plate moved over the hotspot, volcanic activity formed new islands. As a matter of fact, a future island named Loihi Seamount is forming to the southeast of the big ...
9-19 Sea Floor Spreading.notebook
9-19 Sea Floor Spreading.notebook

... a mid-ocean ridge as new crust is added • As a result, the ocean floors move like conveyor belts, carrying the continents along with them ...
Deep Ocean Basins
Deep Ocean Basins

... bottom to a ship; and we now know that the deep ocean floor is not unlike the land we see. Ocean basins are divided by mountain-like ridges into a great number of practically separate basins. Trenches An oceanic trench is a long, narrow depression of the seabed with relatively steep sides (see ocean ...
Sea-Floor Spreading
Sea-Floor Spreading

... rises from the mantle and erupts. 2. The molten material then spreads out, pushing older rock to both sides of the ridge. 3. As the molten material cools, it forms a strip of solid rock in the center of the ridge. 4. Then more molten material flows into the ...
Investigation B, Ocean Bottom Topography
Investigation B, Ocean Bottom Topography

... In places the ocean bottom is almost flat and featureless whereas in other places the ocean bottom consists of lofty ridges and volcanoes. Three distinct ocean-bottom zones are evident. The zone closest to the shore features a very gentle slope extending seaward to a depth of about 200 m (655 ft). F ...
New study to investigate the impacts of ocean acidification in the
New study to investigate the impacts of ocean acidification in the

... New study to investigate the impacts of ocean acidification in the Southern Ocean To begin 2013 with a big bang, a team of thirty scientists, from eight of the UK’s top research laboratories, will be setting out on an oceanographic mission to study the effect of ocean acidification in waters near An ...
All about Europe - Mr. Welch: Geography!
All about Europe - Mr. Welch: Geography!

... earth and stone to hold back water from the North Sea • Polders - reclaimed lands which were once drained and kept dry by windmills (now kept dry by other power sources); land was used for farming and settlement ...
The last frontier on Earth - Centre for International Law
The last frontier on Earth - Centre for International Law

... know less about ocean space than we do about outer space. On March 26 last year, the awardwinning American movie director, James Cameron, descended alone in a submersible called the "Deepsea Challenger" to the bottom of the Mariana Trench. It is the deepest part of the ocean floor at 11km below the ...
S 15 Formation of Islands (new)
S 15 Formation of Islands (new)

... platform drops off to depth of 2000-3000 m (west) 4000 meters (east). ...
Hydrothermal Vents - The Corn Group Unicorn Web Site
Hydrothermal Vents - The Corn Group Unicorn Web Site

... a dense liquid. At such high pressures, liquefied CO2 could eventually turn into solid crystals at temperatures of 8-10°C. Kurt Zenz House, Daniel P. Schrag, Charles F. Harvey, and Klaus S. Lackner; Permanent carbon dioxide storage in deep-sea sediments PNAS, August 7, 2006. ...
How Can Hot Spots Help Determine Rate and Direction of Plate
How Can Hot Spots Help Determine Rate and Direction of Plate

... A hot spot is a stationary area of upwelling heat in the mantle. Hot magma rises through cracks in the crust and forms a volcano. The Hawaiian Islands are located near the middle of the Pacific plate. If the plate did not move, there would only be one volcano over the hot spot. However, as the Pacif ...
Galapagos Islands Internet Discovery
Galapagos Islands Internet Discovery

... Galapagos Islands Internet Discovery This activity is to uncover the many secrets of the Galapagos Islands…even if you have heard of them there is undoubtedly a ton of things for you to still learn. Using the websites listed begin discovering these secrets, then answer the questions that follow – th ...
Sediment Deposition Supports Seafloor Spreading
Sediment Deposition Supports Seafloor Spreading

... down through the water. Microfossils are fossilized microscopic organisms. Common 1500 m types include nannofossils, foraminifers, and diatoms. When microfossils are the major component of basement the sediment, then that sediment can be called an ooze. The sediment layer can be up to 2000 meters th ...
2013年1月12日托福写作真题回忆
2013年1月12日托福写作真题回忆

... columns of molten rock that rise from deep within the mantle. A volcano remains an active “hot spot” as long as it is over the plume. The plumes apparently originate at great depths, perhaps as deep as the boundary between the core and the mantle, and many have been active for a very long time. The ...
translation 3818
translation 3818

... Also, while some data. has been obtained on the distribution of guyots, as these are eea-bed regions which become abruptly shallow, as discussed previously, inference-4 of their existence from marine charts, particularly in Offshore waters, where there are few sounding points, is extemely difficult. ...
Topo. Tubs
Topo. Tubs

... Through the use of various technologies, scientists have been able to create topographic maps of the oceans’ floors called bathymetric maps. Oceanographers have discovered that the bottom of the ocean is not a flat, sandy plain. Based on their measurements, ocean scientists have been able to detect ...
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Challenger expedition



The Challenger expedition of 1872–76 was a scientific exercise that made many discoveries to lay the foundation of oceanography. The expedition was named after the mother vessel, HMS Challenger.Prompted by Charles Wyville Thomson—of the University of Edinburgh and Merchiston Castle School—the Royal Society of London obtained the use of Challenger from the Royal Navy and in 1872 modified the ship for scientific work, equipping her with separate laboratories for natural history and chemistry. The expedition, led by Captain George Nares, sailed from Portsmouth, England, on 21 December 1872. Other naval officers included Commander John Maclear. Under the scientific supervision of Thomson himself, she travelled nearly 70,000 nautical miles (130,000 km) surveying and exploring. The result was the Report Of The Scientific Results of the Exploring Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76 which, among many other discoveries, catalogued over 4,000 previously unknown species. John Murray, who supervised the publication, described the report as ""the greatest advance in the knowledge of our planet since the celebrated discoveries of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries"". Challenger sailed close to Antarctica, but not within sight of it.
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