Integumentary System / Skin
... Barrier to keep bacterial, dirt, etc. out Protection against abrasion Contains sensory receptors for touch, temperature, pressure, pain, etc. Temperature regulation via hair, sweat, & amount of ...
... Barrier to keep bacterial, dirt, etc. out Protection against abrasion Contains sensory receptors for touch, temperature, pressure, pain, etc. Temperature regulation via hair, sweat, & amount of ...
N - UniMAP Portal
... All cells are viable: After one hour, there would still be only the four original cells since the lag time is one hour. After two hours, three divisions would have occurred, since the generation time is 20 minutes; the population would be 4 x 23 = 32 cells/ml. One of the initial cells is dead: After ...
... All cells are viable: After one hour, there would still be only the four original cells since the lag time is one hour. After two hours, three divisions would have occurred, since the generation time is 20 minutes; the population would be 4 x 23 = 32 cells/ml. One of the initial cells is dead: After ...
Discovery of a new cellular structure—the porosome
... et al., 2002b). The work of James Rothman has identified a number of proteins involved in transport and membrane fusion in cells (Rothman, 1994). Among these proteins, the N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF)-attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) have been implicated as the minimal fusion machine ...
... et al., 2002b). The work of James Rothman has identified a number of proteins involved in transport and membrane fusion in cells (Rothman, 1994). Among these proteins, the N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF)-attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) have been implicated as the minimal fusion machine ...
Intracellular Protein Degradation
... The discovery of the lysosome De Duve discover the lysosome in the 1950’s Vacuolar structure that contains hydrolytic enzymes that are optimal at acidic pH. Latency of of enzymatic activity- researcher found that hydrolyase fractionated from rat liver were more active after they were stored i ...
... The discovery of the lysosome De Duve discover the lysosome in the 1950’s Vacuolar structure that contains hydrolytic enzymes that are optimal at acidic pH. Latency of of enzymatic activity- researcher found that hydrolyase fractionated from rat liver were more active after they were stored i ...
Regulation of neural stem cell differentiation in the forebrain
... further, the properties of precursor cells from the forebrain of LIFR-de®cient mice were examined in vitro.23 It was shown that precursors from the forebrains of mice homozygous for the LIFR null mutation (LIFR±/±) failed to generate signi®cant numbers of GFAP-positive cells even after 3 weeks in vi ...
... further, the properties of precursor cells from the forebrain of LIFR-de®cient mice were examined in vitro.23 It was shown that precursors from the forebrains of mice homozygous for the LIFR null mutation (LIFR±/±) failed to generate signi®cant numbers of GFAP-positive cells even after 3 weeks in vi ...
Death associated proteins (DAPs)
... Keywords: apoptosis; DAP-kinase; cathepsin D; interferon-g; metastasis; functional gene cloning ...
... Keywords: apoptosis; DAP-kinase; cathepsin D; interferon-g; metastasis; functional gene cloning ...
Skeletal muscle
... •Function is to produce movement •Three types •Skeletal muscle •Cardiac muscle •Smooth muscle ...
... •Function is to produce movement •Three types •Skeletal muscle •Cardiac muscle •Smooth muscle ...
Glandular epithelium
... located near the cell apex and seal off the intercellular space, allowing the epithelium to isolate certain body compartments (they help keep intestinal bacteria and toxins out of the bloodstream). Zonula adherens ( or called belt desmosomes): are usually just basal to the tight junctions. The membr ...
... located near the cell apex and seal off the intercellular space, allowing the epithelium to isolate certain body compartments (they help keep intestinal bacteria and toxins out of the bloodstream). Zonula adherens ( or called belt desmosomes): are usually just basal to the tight junctions. The membr ...
How Does Alpha-L-Polylactate™ in Cytomax® Work Faster than
... ost cellular energy is generated in an area of the cell called the mitochondria, also referred to as the “powerhouse of the cell.” The mitochondria within cells are where oxygen is utilized (Lehninger). Mitochondria form a vast energy production and distribution network, in which the products of foo ...
... ost cellular energy is generated in an area of the cell called the mitochondria, also referred to as the “powerhouse of the cell.” The mitochondria within cells are where oxygen is utilized (Lehninger). Mitochondria form a vast energy production and distribution network, in which the products of foo ...
Growth in Batch Culture
... Microbial Growth • Mass determination – Cells are removed from a broth culture by centrifugation and weighed to determine the “wet mass.” – The cells can be dried out and weighed to determine the “dry mass.” ...
... Microbial Growth • Mass determination – Cells are removed from a broth culture by centrifugation and weighed to determine the “wet mass.” – The cells can be dried out and weighed to determine the “dry mass.” ...
Document
... much higher than what it should be. The super-rich would pull up the average. • If you report the mode, our income may look much worse than what it should be. We may look like a third-world country. • Both the median and the mode are robust against outliers. In this case, the median is better. ...
... much higher than what it should be. The super-rich would pull up the average. • If you report the mode, our income may look much worse than what it should be. We may look like a third-world country. • Both the median and the mode are robust against outliers. In this case, the median is better. ...
HSV-1 Glycoprotein I-Reactive TCR
... recent crystallographic data acquired from a human TCRVd-chain reveal distinct configurations within both the framework and CDR regions that implicate structures similar to both the TCR and Ig molecules (13). Structurally diverse types of glycoproteins ranging from heat shock proteins (14 –18); MHC ...
... recent crystallographic data acquired from a human TCRVd-chain reveal distinct configurations within both the framework and CDR regions that implicate structures similar to both the TCR and Ig molecules (13). Structurally diverse types of glycoproteins ranging from heat shock proteins (14 –18); MHC ...
Sorting Activities in Plant Cells
... ference is the presence of one or several vacuoles, which may take up more than 95% of the volume of the cell [24]. Vacuoles lack internal structure, appearing ‘empty’ under the light or electron microscope (hence their name). In fact, the vacuolar liquid contains salts, sugars, as well as proteins ...
... ference is the presence of one or several vacuoles, which may take up more than 95% of the volume of the cell [24]. Vacuoles lack internal structure, appearing ‘empty’ under the light or electron microscope (hence their name). In fact, the vacuolar liquid contains salts, sugars, as well as proteins ...
OverviewofMacroMolecules(ACP)
... What atoms are these molecules made of? Are these molecules hydrophobic or hydrophilic? ...
... What atoms are these molecules made of? Are these molecules hydrophobic or hydrophilic? ...
Skeletal Development Intramembranous Bone Endochondrial Bone
... Perichondrium becomes Periostium Ossification spreads towards ends of bone Osteoclasts differentiate and begin to breakdown bone Chondrocytes die off – center is invaded by vascular system – the bone marrow. Cells also invade and differentiate into osteoblasts forming bone spicules that are remodele ...
... Perichondrium becomes Periostium Ossification spreads towards ends of bone Osteoclasts differentiate and begin to breakdown bone Chondrocytes die off – center is invaded by vascular system – the bone marrow. Cells also invade and differentiate into osteoblasts forming bone spicules that are remodele ...
The Cell
... 8–12 nanometers, larger than microfilaments but smaller than microtubules • They support cell shape and fix organelles in place • Intermediate filaments are more permanent cytoskeleton fixtures than the other two classes ...
... 8–12 nanometers, larger than microfilaments but smaller than microtubules • They support cell shape and fix organelles in place • Intermediate filaments are more permanent cytoskeleton fixtures than the other two classes ...
How Can Cryptic Epitopes Trigger Autoimmunity? By Antonio
... of molecules will be targeted to degradation and these molecules may be delivered to a different endocytic compartment containing different sets of proteases, such as granzymes. It is also possible that ligand binding may influence processing as discussed below. As a consequence of their differentia ...
... of molecules will be targeted to degradation and these molecules may be delivered to a different endocytic compartment containing different sets of proteases, such as granzymes. It is also possible that ligand binding may influence processing as discussed below. As a consequence of their differentia ...
Passive Transport
... • The direction of water movement in a cell depends on the concentration of the cell’s outside environment. • If the solution is hypertonic, or has a higher solute concentration than the cytoplasm does, water moves out of the cell. The cell loses water and shrinks. • If the solution is hypotonic, or ...
... • The direction of water movement in a cell depends on the concentration of the cell’s outside environment. • If the solution is hypertonic, or has a higher solute concentration than the cytoplasm does, water moves out of the cell. The cell loses water and shrinks. • If the solution is hypotonic, or ...
2. Cell Number (unicellular or multicellular).
... Shape-filaments and covered by multi-layered mucilage, the mucilagenous sheath is longer than the filament ...
... Shape-filaments and covered by multi-layered mucilage, the mucilagenous sheath is longer than the filament ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).