Document
... currency units as the real GDP of the other country, so an exchange rate must be used. The same prices should be used to value the goods and services in the countries being compared, but often are not. ...
... currency units as the real GDP of the other country, so an exchange rate must be used. The same prices should be used to value the goods and services in the countries being compared, but often are not. ...
monetary policy report
... The underlying trend of inflation is determined by inflation expectations and by the balance between overall demand and supply in the economy. In the short run, however, both the core and total CPI are also affected by changes in the relative prices of key goods and services, either directly or indi ...
... The underlying trend of inflation is determined by inflation expectations and by the balance between overall demand and supply in the economy. In the short run, however, both the core and total CPI are also affected by changes in the relative prices of key goods and services, either directly or indi ...
Fiscal Policy
... EQUAL THE GOVERNMENT PURCHASES MULTIPLIER? : The fact that the investment multiplier equals the government purchases multiplier occasionally leads to confusion among students who realize that an increase in investment spending will increase the nation’s capital stock, but that an increase in governm ...
... EQUAL THE GOVERNMENT PURCHASES MULTIPLIER? : The fact that the investment multiplier equals the government purchases multiplier occasionally leads to confusion among students who realize that an increase in investment spending will increase the nation’s capital stock, but that an increase in governm ...
Estimating the Size of the Hidden Economy in Peru: A Currency
... first step involves estimating the demand for currency, both for formal transactions and for motives associated with the cover up of income. The former is calculated by considering the case when taxes and government regulations are at their lowest values (i.e. lowest tax burden), and the latter is j ...
... first step involves estimating the demand for currency, both for formal transactions and for motives associated with the cover up of income. The former is calculated by considering the case when taxes and government regulations are at their lowest values (i.e. lowest tax burden), and the latter is j ...
Population Aging, Entitlement Growth, and the Economy
... federal debt at a rate beyond our capacity to sustain it. In the worst-case scenario, the United States would be like a family living on credit cards and paying off debt with one card while running up spending faster with another, with insufficient income to ever pay down or get control of its debt. ...
... federal debt at a rate beyond our capacity to sustain it. In the worst-case scenario, the United States would be like a family living on credit cards and paying off debt with one card while running up spending faster with another, with insufficient income to ever pay down or get control of its debt. ...
Problem Session-2
... goods produced in a previous year. It would doublecount goods that were sold more than once and would count goods in GDP for several years if they were produced in one year and resold in another. ...
... goods produced in a previous year. It would doublecount goods that were sold more than once and would count goods in GDP for several years if they were produced in one year and resold in another. ...
Working Paper no 15/2005 Title: A bottom
... For excise duties (which are defined in DKK-amounts and are not automatically indexed to prices), the fiscal easing and reduction in revenues (fiscal drag), which is implied by unchanged rates when prices rise, is considered discretionary policy. The neutral path for each type of excise duty is thus ...
... For excise duties (which are defined in DKK-amounts and are not automatically indexed to prices), the fiscal easing and reduction in revenues (fiscal drag), which is implied by unchanged rates when prices rise, is considered discretionary policy. The neutral path for each type of excise duty is thus ...
Chapter 2 RESOURCES: TRENDS AND
... the introduction of service tax in 1994-95, which provided additional revenue, could not sustain the growth rates during this period. If the gross collections from the major taxes in 1985-86 are set at 100, collection index would be 2219 for corporation tax, 1648 for income tax, 701 for excise dutie ...
... the introduction of service tax in 1994-95, which provided additional revenue, could not sustain the growth rates during this period. If the gross collections from the major taxes in 1985-86 are set at 100, collection index would be 2219 for corporation tax, 1648 for income tax, 701 for excise dutie ...
Sample
... Comparison of GDP across countries is complicated because countries calculate GDP in terms of their own currencies. Exchange rates can be used to convert GDP values into a single currency, but exchange rates fluctuate widely. To get around this problem, economists use the purchasing power parity (PP ...
... Comparison of GDP across countries is complicated because countries calculate GDP in terms of their own currencies. Exchange rates can be used to convert GDP values into a single currency, but exchange rates fluctuate widely. To get around this problem, economists use the purchasing power parity (PP ...
Can we rely upon fiscal policy estimates in countries with unreported
... unreported production and tax evasion. Conversely, there is weak evidence of nonKeynesian effects on GDP when the hidden economy is not considered. As to fiscal variable interactions, a rise in the tax rate leads, in the short run, to a drop in government spending, whereas in the medium term we obse ...
... unreported production and tax evasion. Conversely, there is weak evidence of nonKeynesian effects on GDP when the hidden economy is not considered. As to fiscal variable interactions, a rise in the tax rate leads, in the short run, to a drop in government spending, whereas in the medium term we obse ...
On the Use of High-Frequency Economic Information to Anticipate
... sectors: Primary, Secondary and Tertiary. The Expenditure side model estimates the GDP by summing the aggregate demand components (private consumption, government consumption, fixed investment, and net exports). We use monthly indicators that are similar to those the statisticians use to compute eac ...
... sectors: Primary, Secondary and Tertiary. The Expenditure side model estimates the GDP by summing the aggregate demand components (private consumption, government consumption, fixed investment, and net exports). We use monthly indicators that are similar to those the statisticians use to compute eac ...
Appendix A: Figures
... with public capital estimates covering 48 advanced and developing economies and spanning the 1960-2001 period. They find that increases in the stock of public capital are associated with economic growth, with advanced economies registering stronger short-run effects and developing economies having g ...
... with public capital estimates covering 48 advanced and developing economies and spanning the 1960-2001 period. They find that increases in the stock of public capital are associated with economic growth, with advanced economies registering stronger short-run effects and developing economies having g ...
measuring GDP
... currency units as the real GDP of the other country, so an exchange rate must be used. ...
... currency units as the real GDP of the other country, so an exchange rate must be used. ...
THE EVOLUTION OF REAL GDP PER CAPITA IN DEVELOPED
... The nineteenth selected countries are presented in alphabetic order. Figure 4 shows the evolution of the annual increment of real GDP per capita for Australia as a function real GDP per capita for the original and corrected GDP readings. This is a natural visualization of Eq. (1). The population cor ...
... The nineteenth selected countries are presented in alphabetic order. Figure 4 shows the evolution of the annual increment of real GDP per capita for Australia as a function real GDP per capita for the original and corrected GDP readings. This is a natural visualization of Eq. (1). The population cor ...
Chapter 1 MEASURING GDP AND PRICE LEVEL
... Its focus is on the aggregate output, the aggregate income, the general price level of goods and services, the total jobs in the entire economy, etc. It also discusses the issues and policies concerning economic growth, unemployment, inflation, the government budget deficit, and the international tr ...
... Its focus is on the aggregate output, the aggregate income, the general price level of goods and services, the total jobs in the entire economy, etc. It also discusses the issues and policies concerning economic growth, unemployment, inflation, the government budget deficit, and the international tr ...
STAGES-2005
... during the nineteenth century, could rapidly catch up to more advanced economies by introducing “appropriate” economic institutions to encourage investment and technology adoption. He emphasized the role of long-term relationships between firms and banks, of large firms and of state intervention. Un ...
... during the nineteenth century, could rapidly catch up to more advanced economies by introducing “appropriate” economic institutions to encourage investment and technology adoption. He emphasized the role of long-term relationships between firms and banks, of large firms and of state intervention. Un ...
Escaping from a Liquidity Trap and Deflation: The Foolproof Way
... Japan lowered the interest rate to zero and kept it there from February 1999 to August 2000, and again from March 2001 until now. From March 2001, after long indecisiveness, it also attempted a so-called “quantitative easing,” a substantial expansion of the monetary base. During two years up to the ...
... Japan lowered the interest rate to zero and kept it there from February 1999 to August 2000, and again from March 2001 until now. From March 2001, after long indecisiveness, it also attempted a so-called “quantitative easing,” a substantial expansion of the monetary base. During two years up to the ...
Gross Domestic Product
... currency units as the real GDP of the other country, so an exchange rate must be used. ...
... currency units as the real GDP of the other country, so an exchange rate must be used. ...
Islamic Republic Of Iran
... On December 7, 2015, the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) concluded the Article IV consultation1 with Iran. The sharp decline in global oil prices, tight corporate and bank balance sheets, and postponed consumption and investment decisions ahead of the expected lifting of eco ...
... On December 7, 2015, the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) concluded the Article IV consultation1 with Iran. The sharp decline in global oil prices, tight corporate and bank balance sheets, and postponed consumption and investment decisions ahead of the expected lifting of eco ...
Real GDP and the Price Level
... currency units as the real GDP of the other country, so an exchange rate must be used. ...
... currency units as the real GDP of the other country, so an exchange rate must be used. ...
Abenomics
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Abenomics (アベノミクス, Abenomikusu) refers to the economic policies advocated by Shinzō Abe since the December 2012 general election, which elected Abe to his second term as prime minister of Japan. Abenomics is based upon ""three arrows"" of fiscal stimulus, monetary easing and structural reforms. The Economist characterized the program as a ""mix of reflation, government spending and a growth strategy designed to jolt the economy out of suspended animation that has gripped it for more than two decades.""The term ""Abenomics"" is a portmanteau of Abe and economics, and follows previous political neologisms for economic policies linked to specific leaders, such as Reaganomics, Clintonomics and Rogernomics.