Working Paper - Hans-Böckler
... by expected sales and internal profits, determine capacity utilisation, capital accumulation and growth. In the older ‘stagnationist’ variant of the Kaleckian model, pioneered by Rowthorn (1981), Dutt (1984, 1987, 1990) and Amadeo (1986a, 1986b, 1987), changes in distribution have unique effects on ...
... by expected sales and internal profits, determine capacity utilisation, capital accumulation and growth. In the older ‘stagnationist’ variant of the Kaleckian model, pioneered by Rowthorn (1981), Dutt (1984, 1987, 1990) and Amadeo (1986a, 1986b, 1987), changes in distribution have unique effects on ...
Macroeconomic Measurement 1: Values and Prices
... in GDP not because there was real growth but just because official statistics started imputing the value created in the underground economy in the GDP statistics). There is also an issue of how to measure services for which we do not observe the price (like government services) and we usually we eva ...
... in GDP not because there was real growth but just because official statistics started imputing the value created in the underground economy in the GDP statistics). There is also an issue of how to measure services for which we do not observe the price (like government services) and we usually we eva ...
UK BUSINESS CONFIDENCE MONITOR REPORT Q1 2010 INSPIRING CONFIDENCE icaew.com/bcm
... Our first ICAEW UK Business Confidence Monitor (BCM) report of 2010 reveals that while business confidence has risen for the fourth quarter in succession, three out of five UK businesses are still running below capacity. This means businesses will be able to increase output and take advantage of the ...
... Our first ICAEW UK Business Confidence Monitor (BCM) report of 2010 reveals that while business confidence has risen for the fourth quarter in succession, three out of five UK businesses are still running below capacity. This means businesses will be able to increase output and take advantage of the ...
Sample
... definitions of the two variables, this will occur if prices in that year are simply less than prices in the base year. If, for example, the base year is 2002, it will generally be the case that nominal GDP will be less than real GDP for those years prior to 2002 given that prices have generally rise ...
... definitions of the two variables, this will occur if prices in that year are simply less than prices in the base year. If, for example, the base year is 2002, it will generally be the case that nominal GDP will be less than real GDP for those years prior to 2002 given that prices have generally rise ...
The Size and Role of Automatic Fiscal Stabilisers
... Generally speaking, two ways to identify the cycle in economic activity co-exist. A mechanical approach uses smoothing devices (such as Hodrick-Prescott filters) to establish a trend level of output; the cyclical component (output gap) is the difference between actual and trend output. In some cases ...
... Generally speaking, two ways to identify the cycle in economic activity co-exist. A mechanical approach uses smoothing devices (such as Hodrick-Prescott filters) to establish a trend level of output; the cyclical component (output gap) is the difference between actual and trend output. In some cases ...
MEASURING THE ECONOMY TOTAL OUTPUT Total Output (Y
... It seems like an never-ending process. But remember people don't consume all their income. They save some of it. Suppose people save 20%, then the process is as follows, going in steps: 1. An initial $100 rise in AD will, by the inventory process, prompt firms to produce more, thereby raising GDP by ...
... It seems like an never-ending process. But remember people don't consume all their income. They save some of it. Suppose people save 20%, then the process is as follows, going in steps: 1. An initial $100 rise in AD will, by the inventory process, prompt firms to produce more, thereby raising GDP by ...
What value is gross domestic product?
... richest and poorest person. Assume that the former’s income has increased by $50 per week and the poorest has fallen by the same amount. The increase in the welfare of the richest person is likely to be negligible. Conversely, the fall in welfare of the poorest individual will be quite dramatic. Ove ...
... richest and poorest person. Assume that the former’s income has increased by $50 per week and the poorest has fallen by the same amount. The increase in the welfare of the richest person is likely to be negligible. Conversely, the fall in welfare of the poorest individual will be quite dramatic. Ove ...
THE EFFECTS OF THE CURRENT RECESSION ON THE SPORT
... In the 1980-81 recession, the economy went from a growth rate of 2.7 % in 1979 to a decline of -2.1 % in 1980. The recession lasted two years; a further decrease of 1.3% occurred in 1981 but after that, the economy was back on track with GDP growing at 2.1% in 1982 and 3.6% by 1983. In 1990-92 peri ...
... In the 1980-81 recession, the economy went from a growth rate of 2.7 % in 1979 to a decline of -2.1 % in 1980. The recession lasted two years; a further decrease of 1.3% occurred in 1981 but after that, the economy was back on track with GDP growing at 2.1% in 1982 and 3.6% by 1983. In 1990-92 peri ...
Medium Term Fiscal Policy Statement
... (a) Recovery of loans and advances 19. Repayment of loans extended to States earlier are estimated to decline over a period of time on account of (i) gradual disintermediation by Central Government and (ii) the debt consolidation and debt waiver scheme based on the Twelfth Finance Commission (TFC) r ...
... (a) Recovery of loans and advances 19. Repayment of loans extended to States earlier are estimated to decline over a period of time on account of (i) gradual disintermediation by Central Government and (ii) the debt consolidation and debt waiver scheme based on the Twelfth Finance Commission (TFC) r ...
Climate, Water Navigability
... sub-national per capita GDP data was gathered for 19 of the 152 countries in our GIS, including most of the large economies. These are Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, France, Germany, Greece, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Spain, United Kingdom, United States, ...
... sub-national per capita GDP data was gathered for 19 of the 152 countries in our GIS, including most of the large economies. These are Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, France, Germany, Greece, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Spain, United Kingdom, United States, ...
Economic Outlook
... Less: Insufficient income even at 2% rate (25%) Less: Too far underwater (30% with CLTV>100) Less: Default probability too high or too low (25%) Loans That are NPV Positive Less: Servicers don't participate in HAMP (15%) Trial Modifications Less: Failure to make 3 payments or paperwork (60%) Permane ...
... Less: Insufficient income even at 2% rate (25%) Less: Too far underwater (30% with CLTV>100) Less: Default probability too high or too low (25%) Loans That are NPV Positive Less: Servicers don't participate in HAMP (15%) Trial Modifications Less: Failure to make 3 payments or paperwork (60%) Permane ...
RESOURCES: TRENDS AND COMPOSITION
... In case of direct taxes, trend annual growth rate declined from 22.49 per cent during 1992-97 to just 11.66 per cent during 1997-2002. The higher growth of over 24 per cent in direct tax collections during 1997-98 on account of VDIS and later in 1999-2000 and 2000-01 could not be maintained in the c ...
... In case of direct taxes, trend annual growth rate declined from 22.49 per cent during 1992-97 to just 11.66 per cent during 1997-2002. The higher growth of over 24 per cent in direct tax collections during 1997-98 on account of VDIS and later in 1999-2000 and 2000-01 could not be maintained in the c ...
iv. the size and role of automatic fiscal stabilisers
... increases in long-term interest rates and contributed to a brisk recovery, notably in Finland, Denmark, Ireland and Sweden.6 Second, the model simulations may also understate the extent of “nonKeynesian” responses to fiscal automatic stimulus, by which is meant an increase in household saving rates ...
... increases in long-term interest rates and contributed to a brisk recovery, notably in Finland, Denmark, Ireland and Sweden.6 Second, the model simulations may also understate the extent of “nonKeynesian” responses to fiscal automatic stimulus, by which is meant an increase in household saving rates ...
The curious case of Greece: The impact of fiscal policy shocks on
... irregularities and extreme borrowing have put the country under tight supervision by a task force put together by the IMF, the European Commission, and the ECB. This trifecta of organizations has been given the hard task of cleaning house in Greece by implementing strict guidelines regarding fiscal ...
... irregularities and extreme borrowing have put the country under tight supervision by a task force put together by the IMF, the European Commission, and the ECB. This trifecta of organizations has been given the hard task of cleaning house in Greece by implementing strict guidelines regarding fiscal ...
ESTIMATING THE UNDERGROUND ECONOMY IN TURKEY Fethi ÖĞÜNÇ (Statistician)
... official macroeconomic aggregates such as unemployment rate and income level. Economic policy decisions that use these official macroeconomics data are likely to be ineffective. On the microeconomic side, underground economy creates an unfair competition conditions for firms. Firms that are operatin ...
... official macroeconomic aggregates such as unemployment rate and income level. Economic policy decisions that use these official macroeconomics data are likely to be ineffective. On the microeconomic side, underground economy creates an unfair competition conditions for firms. Firms that are operatin ...
CWPE1405 - Faculty of Economics
... that the potency of fiscal policy can be strikingly large during times of crises. The key reason behind this result stems from a novel interplay between two very basic ingredients. First, at a zero rate of nominal interest, output is largely determined by demand. If households wish to consume more, ...
... that the potency of fiscal policy can be strikingly large during times of crises. The key reason behind this result stems from a novel interplay between two very basic ingredients. First, at a zero rate of nominal interest, output is largely determined by demand. If households wish to consume more, ...
the relationship between money supply and the gdp
... of the decision changes determined by FOMC has strategic meaning as an operational indicator of how the direction of monetary policy has impact on the economic system in a macro aspect. “At the meeting itself, staff officers present oral reports on the current and prospective business situation, on ...
... of the decision changes determined by FOMC has strategic meaning as an operational indicator of how the direction of monetary policy has impact on the economic system in a macro aspect. “At the meeting itself, staff officers present oral reports on the current and prospective business situation, on ...
Abenomics
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Abenomics (アベノミクス, Abenomikusu) refers to the economic policies advocated by Shinzō Abe since the December 2012 general election, which elected Abe to his second term as prime minister of Japan. Abenomics is based upon ""three arrows"" of fiscal stimulus, monetary easing and structural reforms. The Economist characterized the program as a ""mix of reflation, government spending and a growth strategy designed to jolt the economy out of suspended animation that has gripped it for more than two decades.""The term ""Abenomics"" is a portmanteau of Abe and economics, and follows previous political neologisms for economic policies linked to specific leaders, such as Reaganomics, Clintonomics and Rogernomics.