Financial Stability, the Trilemma, and International Reserves
... States. The upsurge in global reserve growth confronts economists with an important puzzle. What has driven it, and is it likely to endure? The facts to be explained can be summarized as follows. Starting from the end of the Bretton Woods era, global international reserve holdings as a fraction of w ...
... States. The upsurge in global reserve growth confronts economists with an important puzzle. What has driven it, and is it likely to endure? The facts to be explained can be summarized as follows. Starting from the end of the Bretton Woods era, global international reserve holdings as a fraction of w ...
Chapter 10 - University of Alberta
... A Fiscal Expansion and the Flexible Exchange Rate • An increase in G crowds out NX: – shifts the IS curve to the right; – r is above rFor, the demand for Canadian financial assets increases; – the e increases and the NX falls; – the IS curve shifts to the left where r=rFor; – no change in Y and P. ...
... A Fiscal Expansion and the Flexible Exchange Rate • An increase in G crowds out NX: – shifts the IS curve to the right; – r is above rFor, the demand for Canadian financial assets increases; – the e increases and the NX falls; – the IS curve shifts to the left where r=rFor; – no change in Y and P. ...
Ch08 - NTU
... • It is similar to futures contracts that exist for other underlying assets, like gold, cattle, Treasury bonds, etc. • The most important market in the world for foreign currency futures is the CME group – CME Group was created on July 12, 2007 from the merger between the Chicago Mercantile Exchange ...
... • It is similar to futures contracts that exist for other underlying assets, like gold, cattle, Treasury bonds, etc. • The most important market in the world for foreign currency futures is the CME group – CME Group was created on July 12, 2007 from the merger between the Chicago Mercantile Exchange ...
The Curious Case of the Yen as a Safe Haven Currency
... C. The effect of risk-off episodes on yield differentials ..............................................14 D. The effect of risk-off episodes on non-commercial derivative positions................14 V. Conclusions .................................................................................... ...
... C. The effect of risk-off episodes on yield differentials ..............................................14 D. The effect of risk-off episodes on non-commercial derivative positions................14 V. Conclusions .................................................................................... ...
Three quite distinct difficulties that were built into the monetary union
... adjusted terms.ix Surveillance of national budgets includes a requirement that they be submitted ex ante to the EU Commission. And, as under its predecessor agreement the 2011 Euro-Plus Plan, countries are required permanently to put the euro-wide targets into their national laws and institutions. A ...
... adjusted terms.ix Surveillance of national budgets includes a requirement that they be submitted ex ante to the EU Commission. And, as under its predecessor agreement the 2011 Euro-Plus Plan, countries are required permanently to put the euro-wide targets into their national laws and institutions. A ...
Chapter 10 - University of Alberta
... A Fiscal Expansion and the Flexible Exchange Rate • An increase in G crowds out NX: – shifts the IS curve to the right; – r is above rFor, the demand for Canadian financial assets increases; – the e increases and the NX falls; – the IS curve shifts to the left where r=rFor; – no change in Y and P. ...
... A Fiscal Expansion and the Flexible Exchange Rate • An increase in G crowds out NX: – shifts the IS curve to the right; – r is above rFor, the demand for Canadian financial assets increases; – the e increases and the NX falls; – the IS curve shifts to the left where r=rFor; – no change in Y and P. ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... Bureau of Economic Research
... markets can become illiquid. Although we place some emphasis on the wellknown inability of these strategies to perform well for the hedger when a discontinuity in the exchange rate or an upsurge of volatility occurs, we are concerned primarily with the effect of hedging strategies on the efficacy of ...
... markets can become illiquid. Although we place some emphasis on the wellknown inability of these strategies to perform well for the hedger when a discontinuity in the exchange rate or an upsurge of volatility occurs, we are concerned primarily with the effect of hedging strategies on the efficacy of ...
chp17_revised_050411
... Sterilized foreign exchange intervention Central banks sometimes carry out equal foreign and domestic asset transactions in opposite directions to nullify the impact of their foreign exchange operations on the domestic money supply. With no sterilization, there is a link between the balance of ...
... Sterilized foreign exchange intervention Central banks sometimes carry out equal foreign and domestic asset transactions in opposite directions to nullify the impact of their foreign exchange operations on the domestic money supply. With no sterilization, there is a link between the balance of ...
Central bank foreign reserves
... exchange-rate regime. A central bank operating a fixed exchangerate policy needs to trade domestic currency in the forex market to balance supply and demand, which will keep the exchange rate stable or, where applicable, within the fluctuation bands. To conduct such transactions, the central bank ne ...
... exchange-rate regime. A central bank operating a fixed exchangerate policy needs to trade domestic currency in the forex market to balance supply and demand, which will keep the exchange rate stable or, where applicable, within the fluctuation bands. To conduct such transactions, the central bank ne ...
Chapter 19
... As another example, suppose U.S. GDP is increasing while Europe is in a recession. U.S. interest rates would rise because, as we have seen, in a business cycle expansion there is increasing demand for investment funds due to enhanced profit expectations on the part of businesses. European interest r ...
... As another example, suppose U.S. GDP is increasing while Europe is in a recession. U.S. interest rates would rise because, as we have seen, in a business cycle expansion there is increasing demand for investment funds due to enhanced profit expectations on the part of businesses. European interest r ...
General interest publications about the euro | European Commission
... long-term planning Today, European businesses are in a better position to make long-term investments. Interest rates are stable so it’s easier to predict whether their investment will generate a profit. ...
... long-term planning Today, European businesses are in a better position to make long-term investments. Interest rates are stable so it’s easier to predict whether their investment will generate a profit. ...
0.00 points - HCC Learning Web
... It further restricted the Federal Reserve's control of the banking system. It placed S&Ls, credit unions, mutual savings banks, and nonmember banks under regulatory institutions other than the Fed. It deregulated the banking industry. ...
... It further restricted the Federal Reserve's control of the banking system. It placed S&Ls, credit unions, mutual savings banks, and nonmember banks under regulatory institutions other than the Fed. It deregulated the banking industry. ...
Essay Questions
... Under fixed exchange rates, domestic asset transactions by the central bank A. can be used to alter the level of foreign reserves but not to affect the state of employment and output. B. cannot be used to alter the level of foreign reserves or to affect the state of employment and output. C. can be ...
... Under fixed exchange rates, domestic asset transactions by the central bank A. can be used to alter the level of foreign reserves but not to affect the state of employment and output. B. cannot be used to alter the level of foreign reserves or to affect the state of employment and output. C. can be ...
Essay Questions
... Under fixed exchange rates, domestic asset transactions by the central bank A. can be used to alter the level of foreign reserves but not to affect the state of employment and output. B. cannot be used to alter the level of foreign reserves or to affect the state of employment and output. C. can be ...
... Under fixed exchange rates, domestic asset transactions by the central bank A. can be used to alter the level of foreign reserves but not to affect the state of employment and output. B. cannot be used to alter the level of foreign reserves or to affect the state of employment and output. C. can be ...
International trends in productivity and unit labor costs in manufacturing
... 4.4 percent in manufacturing in the United States in 1985 . This exceeded the rates of gain recorded by Canada and 7 of 9 European countries studied-France, Italy, the United Kingdom, Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden . However, two major trade competitors, Japan and West Germany, along w ...
... 4.4 percent in manufacturing in the United States in 1985 . This exceeded the rates of gain recorded by Canada and 7 of 9 European countries studied-France, Italy, the United Kingdom, Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden . However, two major trade competitors, Japan and West Germany, along w ...
Reserve currency
A reserve currency (or anchor currency) is a currency that is held in significant quantities by governments and institutions as part of their foreign exchange reserves. The reserve currency is commonly used in international transactions and often considered a hard currency or safe-haven currency. People who live in a country that issues a reserve currency can purchase imports and borrow across borders more cheaply than people in other nations because they don't need to exchange their currency to do so.By the end of the 20th century, the United States dollar was considered the world's most dominant reserve currency, and the world's need for dollars has allowed the United States government as well as Americans to borrow at lower costs, granting them an advantage in excess of $100 billion per year. However, the U.S. dollar's status as a reserve currency, by increasing in value, hurts U.S. exporters.