Topic Outline - Physics Rocks!
... E.3.14 State the relationship between period and absolute magnitude for Cepheid variables E.3.15 Explain hoe Cepheid variables may be used as “standard candles” ...
... E.3.14 State the relationship between period and absolute magnitude for Cepheid variables E.3.15 Explain hoe Cepheid variables may be used as “standard candles” ...
The Sky is Our Laboratory
... 16. How many different types of galaxies are there? • It is called the `bulge’ and it consists of stars, generally fairly old. Most galaxies have bulges.. For instance, elliptical galaxies could be considered to consist entirely of a `bulge’. Most spiral galaxies have bulges. There is a (now) well-k ...
... 16. How many different types of galaxies are there? • It is called the `bulge’ and it consists of stars, generally fairly old. Most galaxies have bulges.. For instance, elliptical galaxies could be considered to consist entirely of a `bulge’. Most spiral galaxies have bulges. There is a (now) well-k ...
SUMMARY OF KEY CONCEPTS: GALAXIES AND COSMOLOGY
... large galaxy, such as the Milky Way galaxy that the Sun is part of, contains around 100 billion stars. There are about 100 billion galaxies in the observable Universe. Galaxies are observed to often live in groups or clusters of galaxies. There is no clear demarcation between these, but a group norm ...
... large galaxy, such as the Milky Way galaxy that the Sun is part of, contains around 100 billion stars. There are about 100 billion galaxies in the observable Universe. Galaxies are observed to often live in groups or clusters of galaxies. There is no clear demarcation between these, but a group norm ...
Cosmological Constant
... changing which does point to a beginning (BB), but this does not exclude the possibility of a non-zero cosmological constant and, in fact, current estimates predict that it is non-zero. ...
... changing which does point to a beginning (BB), but this does not exclude the possibility of a non-zero cosmological constant and, in fact, current estimates predict that it is non-zero. ...
Dark matter
... One reason for thinking that dark energy exists: The universe is flat on large scales; there isn’t enough mass to do the flattening, so there must be energy. If the energy emitted light, we’d have seen it by now, so it must be dark energy. ...
... One reason for thinking that dark energy exists: The universe is flat on large scales; there isn’t enough mass to do the flattening, so there must be energy. If the energy emitted light, we’d have seen it by now, so it must be dark energy. ...
Chapter 30 Review
... 1. The greater the distance to a galaxy, the greater its velocity. 2. The greater the distance to a galaxy, the brighter its halo. 3. The greater the distance to a galaxy, the greater its age. 4. The greater the distance to a galaxy, the greater its mass. ...
... 1. The greater the distance to a galaxy, the greater its velocity. 2. The greater the distance to a galaxy, the brighter its halo. 3. The greater the distance to a galaxy, the greater its age. 4. The greater the distance to a galaxy, the greater its mass. ...
wdm_shanghai_Mayinzhe
... • WDM with keV mass is a good candidate for solving these problem. • It delays the suppression of 1st structure in the Universe, and can be distinguished by the 21cm global signal. ...
... • WDM with keV mass is a good candidate for solving these problem. • It delays the suppression of 1st structure in the Universe, and can be distinguished by the 21cm global signal. ...
N.2 Formation of Mass
... • It was full of energy of intense radiation. • Albert Einstein’s equation E=mc2 says that mass and energy are interchangeable. – so one can be turned into the other. ...
... • It was full of energy of intense radiation. • Albert Einstein’s equation E=mc2 says that mass and energy are interchangeable. – so one can be turned into the other. ...
Lecture 22 - Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy CASA
... If universe is infinite with stars everywhere, then there an infinite number of stars. Any line of sight will eventually intersect the surface of star. Sky would be as bright as the surface of the Sun. Well it isn’t. So why not? ...
... If universe is infinite with stars everywhere, then there an infinite number of stars. Any line of sight will eventually intersect the surface of star. Sky would be as bright as the surface of the Sun. Well it isn’t. So why not? ...
Last time we left off at hydrogen and helium, because that`s all that
... If we agree that uniformly spread stuff isn’t alive, we need some way to cause it to clump. Our understanding of how the clumping happens depends on the content of the universe, so let’s survey that briefly. As you probably know, in the past several years it has become clear that the stuff that we a ...
... If we agree that uniformly spread stuff isn’t alive, we need some way to cause it to clump. Our understanding of how the clumping happens depends on the content of the universe, so let’s survey that briefly. As you probably know, in the past several years it has become clear that the stuff that we a ...
I`m using this stupid huge font
... No stellar objects of any kind Inventory of elementary particles: electrons, positrons, neutrinos, & photons Positronium formation and decay Low level annihilation ...
... No stellar objects of any kind Inventory of elementary particles: electrons, positrons, neutrinos, & photons Positronium formation and decay Low level annihilation ...
Galaxy map hints at fractal universe
... still observe large fluctuations – a cluster here, a void there – in the matter distribution. Most cosmologists interpret such fluctuations as being no more significant than small waves on the surface of the sea, but Sylos Labini and colleagues say that these are more like tsunamis. No model Many co ...
... still observe large fluctuations – a cluster here, a void there – in the matter distribution. Most cosmologists interpret such fluctuations as being no more significant than small waves on the surface of the sea, but Sylos Labini and colleagues say that these are more like tsunamis. No model Many co ...
NEW GCSE REVISION Beginning of the Universe - crypt
... The red-shift of a distant galaxy ______________ with distance from us. a) i) The further away a distant galaxy is, the ______________ the speed at which it is moving away from us. ii) All the distant galaxies are moving ______________ from each other. b) i) The Universe must be ______________ becau ...
... The red-shift of a distant galaxy ______________ with distance from us. a) i) The further away a distant galaxy is, the ______________ the speed at which it is moving away from us. ii) All the distant galaxies are moving ______________ from each other. b) i) The Universe must be ______________ becau ...
Word
... same as that of the Sun (a typical star) since every possible line of sight would eventually intersect the surface of a star. This second approach to the question gives a predicted sky brightness that, while at least not infinite, is still too large by a factor of about 1013! Big Bang cosmologies ex ...
... same as that of the Sun (a typical star) since every possible line of sight would eventually intersect the surface of a star. This second approach to the question gives a predicted sky brightness that, while at least not infinite, is still too large by a factor of about 1013! Big Bang cosmologies ex ...
Cosmological Inflation: a Personal Perspective
... electron gives a radius very close to the classical electron radius. The electron and the Universe have the same column density. ...
... electron gives a radius very close to the classical electron radius. The electron and the Universe have the same column density. ...
Proudian Senior Seminar - University of Redlands
... 1. We’ve talked about what makes a good scientific theory. What makes the Big Bang a good scientific theory? 2. Today there is increasing political/social/scientific debate between conservative Christianity and the Big Bang. If Hubble had made his discovery today, how do you think it would play out ...
... 1. We’ve talked about what makes a good scientific theory. What makes the Big Bang a good scientific theory? 2. Today there is increasing political/social/scientific debate between conservative Christianity and the Big Bang. If Hubble had made his discovery today, how do you think it would play out ...
Cosmology - RHIG - Wayne State University
... Masses of galaxies are found from the orbital motion of their stars. Stars in a more massive galaxy orbit faster than those in a lower mass galaxy because the greater gravity force of the massive galaxy causes larger accelerations of its stars. By measuring the star speeds, one finds out how much gr ...
... Masses of galaxies are found from the orbital motion of their stars. Stars in a more massive galaxy orbit faster than those in a lower mass galaxy because the greater gravity force of the massive galaxy causes larger accelerations of its stars. By measuring the star speeds, one finds out how much gr ...
ASTR 001 Introduction to the Cosmos
... 13. Hubble’s constant is about 22 km/s/million light-years, implying an age of about 14 billion years for the universe. If Hubble’s constant were 11 km/s/million light-years, the age of the universe would be about: A) 7 billion years. B) 14 billion years. C) 28 billion years. D) Impossible to say, b ...
... 13. Hubble’s constant is about 22 km/s/million light-years, implying an age of about 14 billion years for the universe. If Hubble’s constant were 11 km/s/million light-years, the age of the universe would be about: A) 7 billion years. B) 14 billion years. C) 28 billion years. D) Impossible to say, b ...
Dark Matter - the stuff of the Universe?
... look for neutrino oscillations—change of neutrino type (depends on difference between masses of the two types) these do happen but the implied mass is very small indeed ...
... look for neutrino oscillations—change of neutrino type (depends on difference between masses of the two types) these do happen but the implied mass is very small indeed ...
Weighing the universe—6 Dec AST207 F2010 12/6/2010
... • A Type II supernova is a massive star that explodes when it runs out of fuel and pressure is insufficient to counter gravity. • A Type I supernova is a white dwarf that explodes. – A WD and giant orbit each other. – Mass moves from the giant to the WD. – WD explodes when it gets so much mass f ...
... • A Type II supernova is a massive star that explodes when it runs out of fuel and pressure is insufficient to counter gravity. • A Type I supernova is a white dwarf that explodes. – A WD and giant orbit each other. – Mass moves from the giant to the WD. – WD explodes when it gets so much mass f ...
helium
... electron+anti-electron --> photon+photon is now greatly favored over the reverse reaction photon+photon --> electron+anti-electron. In fact, it is this electron + anti-electron annihilation that produces most of the photons that we now observe in the CMB. ...
... electron+anti-electron --> photon+photon is now greatly favored over the reverse reaction photon+photon --> electron+anti-electron. In fact, it is this electron + anti-electron annihilation that produces most of the photons that we now observe in the CMB. ...
Universe Standards - Harvard
... to form countless trillions of stars. Billions of galaxies, each of which is a gravitationally bound cluster of billions of stars, now form most of the visible mass in the universe.” 4. Component Concept: The universe began as being very uniform and has gotten more “lumpy” with time. i. matter was n ...
... to form countless trillions of stars. Billions of galaxies, each of which is a gravitationally bound cluster of billions of stars, now form most of the visible mass in the universe.” 4. Component Concept: The universe began as being very uniform and has gotten more “lumpy” with time. i. matter was n ...
summary lecture
... These both yield the Planck length, Lp. Any black hole smaller than this could have its singularity outside its event horizon. That wouldn’t make sense, so L is the smallest possible black hole we can describe with both QM and GR, our current theory of gravity. ...
... These both yield the Planck length, Lp. Any black hole smaller than this could have its singularity outside its event horizon. That wouldn’t make sense, so L is the smallest possible black hole we can describe with both QM and GR, our current theory of gravity. ...
Doppler Effect • The Doppler Effect is the change in frequency
... t = time taken for galaxy to reach that distance, i.e. the age of the universe t=d/v So ...
... t = time taken for galaxy to reach that distance, i.e. the age of the universe t=d/v So ...
Big Bang
The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale evolution. The model accounts for the fact that the universe expanded from a very high density and high temperature state, and offers a comprehensive explanation for a broad range of observed phenomena, including the abundance of light elements, the cosmic microwave background, large scale structure, and Hubble's Law. If the known laws of physics are extrapolated beyond where they are valid, there is a singularity. Modern measurements place this moment at approximately 13.8 billion years ago, which is thus considered the age of the universe. After the initial expansion, the universe cooled sufficiently to allow the formation of subatomic particles, and later simple atoms. Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced through gravity to form stars and galaxies.Since Georges Lemaître first noted, in 1927, that an expanding universe might be traced back in time to an originating single point, scientists have built on his idea of cosmic expansion. While the scientific community was once divided between supporters of two different expanding universe theories, the Big Bang and the Steady State theory, accumulated empirical evidence provides strong support for the former. In 1929, from analysis of galactic redshifts, Edwin Hubble concluded that galaxies are drifting apart, important observational evidence consistent with the hypothesis of an expanding universe. In 1965, the cosmic microwave background radiation was discovered, which was crucial evidence in favor of the Big Bang model, since that theory predicted the existence of background radiation throughout the universe before it was discovered. More recently, measurements of the redshifts of supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, an observation attributed to dark energy's existence. The known physical laws of nature can be used to calculate the characteristics of the universe in detail back in time to an initial state of extreme density and temperature.