Homework 1 - Concord University
... more convenient familiar unit–i.e., hours, days, months, years, or centuries. Will a semester of PHYS420 take more or less than a million seconds? (In real time–not how it seems!) b. How many million seconds are in a year? c. Now consider 1 billion seconds = 109 sec. Do you know anybody this old? Wh ...
... more convenient familiar unit–i.e., hours, days, months, years, or centuries. Will a semester of PHYS420 take more or less than a million seconds? (In real time–not how it seems!) b. How many million seconds are in a year? c. Now consider 1 billion seconds = 109 sec. Do you know anybody this old? Wh ...
Cosmological principle and the Cosmic microwave
... Pristine relic of a hot, dense & smooth early universe Hot Big Bang model Post-recombination :Freely propagating through (weakly perturbed) homogeneous & isotropic cosmos. Pre-recombination : Tightly coupled to, and in thermal equilibrium with, ionized matter. ...
... Pristine relic of a hot, dense & smooth early universe Hot Big Bang model Post-recombination :Freely propagating through (weakly perturbed) homogeneous & isotropic cosmos. Pre-recombination : Tightly coupled to, and in thermal equilibrium with, ionized matter. ...
Questions - Clever Teach
... Full marks could be obtained by a clear description of the observation of red-shift of light from galaxies together with either an appreciation of its significance in terms of an expanding universe or some detail about the process. This should lead to a brief description about how this supported the ...
... Full marks could be obtained by a clear description of the observation of red-shift of light from galaxies together with either an appreciation of its significance in terms of an expanding universe or some detail about the process. This should lead to a brief description about how this supported the ...
PowerPoint, 10.3 MB - Academic Server| Cleveland State University
... of a God who intended to create beings like us.” ...
... of a God who intended to create beings like us.” ...
Chapter 12 Our Place in the Universe
... She did this by looking at nearby Cepheids of known distance. So if you observed a Cepheid variable and measured the changes in brightness then you could work out the size of the star. This allowed you to work out how far away it was! Luckily, Cepheid variables are very big, very bright stars. This ...
... She did this by looking at nearby Cepheids of known distance. So if you observed a Cepheid variable and measured the changes in brightness then you could work out the size of the star. This allowed you to work out how far away it was! Luckily, Cepheid variables are very big, very bright stars. This ...
PDF - Current Science
... Edwin Hubble is credited with the discovery that distant galaxies appear to be receding from us: we live in an expanding universe. We now know that this expansion is at an ever-increasing rate – the universe is accelerating! We live in a hot Big-Bang universe that has been changing over cosmic time ...
... Edwin Hubble is credited with the discovery that distant galaxies appear to be receding from us: we live in an expanding universe. We now know that this expansion is at an ever-increasing rate – the universe is accelerating! We live in a hot Big-Bang universe that has been changing over cosmic time ...
absolute past
... are expanding, they must at some point have been closer together than they are now. If they are expanding today, they must have been closer together yesterday, and still closer the day before yesterday, and so on until we find a beginning of the expansion. Hubble was able to calculate the rate by wh ...
... are expanding, they must at some point have been closer together than they are now. If they are expanding today, they must have been closer together yesterday, and still closer the day before yesterday, and so on until we find a beginning of the expansion. Hubble was able to calculate the rate by wh ...
Demo: An Expanding universe
... Demo: An Expanding Universe: Background: In fact, the universe is getting even bigger than it already is! Astronomers believe that the universe is expanding - that distant galaxies in the universe are getting farther apart all the time. It's not that stars and galaxies are getting bigger; rather, th ...
... Demo: An Expanding Universe: Background: In fact, the universe is getting even bigger than it already is! Astronomers believe that the universe is expanding - that distant galaxies in the universe are getting farther apart all the time. It's not that stars and galaxies are getting bigger; rather, th ...
Problems with the Perfect Circles
... are expanding, they must at some point have been closer together than they are now. If they are expanding today, they must have been closer together yesterday, and still closer the day before yesterday, and so on until we find a beginning of the expansion. Hubble was able to calculate the rate by wh ...
... are expanding, they must at some point have been closer together than they are now. If they are expanding today, they must have been closer together yesterday, and still closer the day before yesterday, and so on until we find a beginning of the expansion. Hubble was able to calculate the rate by wh ...
PSCI 1414 General Astronomy
... • The universe began with the Big Bang some 14 billion years ago and has been expanding ever since • Within several hundred thousand years, neutral hydrogen had formed • Within several billion years, matter had clumped into galaxies and galaxy clusters • Gravity drove the collapse of clouds of gas a ...
... • The universe began with the Big Bang some 14 billion years ago and has been expanding ever since • Within several hundred thousand years, neutral hydrogen had formed • Within several billion years, matter had clumped into galaxies and galaxy clusters • Gravity drove the collapse of clouds of gas a ...
The observational characteristics of the
... for all bright inclined spirals in the local Universe using high-quality HI widths and 2MASS near-Infrared photometry. Compared with previous peculiar velocity surveys, 2MTF is significantly more complete at low Galactic latitude (|b| < 15◦ ) because of its near-infrared selection. It therefore provi ...
... for all bright inclined spirals in the local Universe using high-quality HI widths and 2MASS near-Infrared photometry. Compared with previous peculiar velocity surveys, 2MTF is significantly more complete at low Galactic latitude (|b| < 15◦ ) because of its near-infrared selection. It therefore provi ...
Super Giant
... Because of the hugeness of space, it takes millions of years for the light given- off by the changes of stars and galaxies to reach us, therefore, these star may have burnt-out or exploded but we will not see if for millions of years. ...
... Because of the hugeness of space, it takes millions of years for the light given- off by the changes of stars and galaxies to reach us, therefore, these star may have burnt-out or exploded but we will not see if for millions of years. ...
Hubble - schoolphysics
... If we take the maximum velocity of recession (vm) to be that of light (3x108 ms-1) we can work out the maximum possible radius of the observable universe. (R) This can be found by using Hubble's formula: v = HR R = 3x108x3.09x1022/70x103 = 1.33x1026 m This is equal to 1.40x1010 light years or about ...
... If we take the maximum velocity of recession (vm) to be that of light (3x108 ms-1) we can work out the maximum possible radius of the observable universe. (R) This can be found by using Hubble's formula: v = HR R = 3x108x3.09x1022/70x103 = 1.33x1026 m This is equal to 1.40x1010 light years or about ...
Authentification of Einstein`s Static Universe of 1917
... Years thereafter, the static and expanding steady state cosmological models were considered obsolete. The prevailing cosmological model became the Big Bang hypothesis. However, there are many flaws with this scenario [5] [6]. Therefore, other models must also be considered. Since those times, at the ...
... Years thereafter, the static and expanding steady state cosmological models were considered obsolete. The prevailing cosmological model became the Big Bang hypothesis. However, there are many flaws with this scenario [5] [6]. Therefore, other models must also be considered. Since those times, at the ...
Practice Questions for Final
... According to the Big Bang theory, why do we live in a universe that is made of matter rather than antimatter? A. The fact that we live in a universe made of matter is not surprising, because antimatter has never been shown to exist for real. B. Einstein's famous equation E = mc2 tells us that energy ...
... According to the Big Bang theory, why do we live in a universe that is made of matter rather than antimatter? A. The fact that we live in a universe made of matter is not surprising, because antimatter has never been shown to exist for real. B. Einstein's famous equation E = mc2 tells us that energy ...
Activity 2 The Signature of the Stars
... The slope of this line is called the Hubble constant, H0. Write the equation for this line using H0 as your slope. What does it tell you about the relationship between the speed of galaxies ...
... The slope of this line is called the Hubble constant, H0. Write the equation for this line using H0 as your slope. What does it tell you about the relationship between the speed of galaxies ...
General relativistic cosmology
... each particle (galaxy) in the Universe. Neglecting proper motions, the expansion has no effect on comoving coordinate values, and the coordinate distances between particles are forever fixed. In other words, the coordinate system expands with space itself. Proper distance: The instantaneous (dt = 0) ...
... each particle (galaxy) in the Universe. Neglecting proper motions, the expansion has no effect on comoving coordinate values, and the coordinate distances between particles are forever fixed. In other words, the coordinate system expands with space itself. Proper distance: The instantaneous (dt = 0) ...
(the factor f star in the Drake equation. Recall it
... It is unlikely that the chemistry of just the FIRST TWO elements (hydrogen and helium) is complex enough to result in anything at all lifelike. (Some might even dispute this conclusion.) With that assumption, and some information about how stars form, we can derive an estimate of fstar ...
... It is unlikely that the chemistry of just the FIRST TWO elements (hydrogen and helium) is complex enough to result in anything at all lifelike. (Some might even dispute this conclusion.) With that assumption, and some information about how stars form, we can derive an estimate of fstar ...
SAMPLE PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENTS
... Moon, comets, star birth, and distant galaxies, and compares how astronomers centuries ago viewed these phenomena with the discoveries of modern day space ...
... Moon, comets, star birth, and distant galaxies, and compares how astronomers centuries ago viewed these phenomena with the discoveries of modern day space ...
CELT Review: 1,2 May 2002 Session 1
... glimpsing the tip of the iceberg with the first galaxies identified beyond z=1 •Understanding the details of the formation and assembly epoch for galaxies will be a major area in astronomy and astrophysics for the next few decades. The light grasp and spatial resolution of a 30m telescope is essenti ...
... glimpsing the tip of the iceberg with the first galaxies identified beyond z=1 •Understanding the details of the formation and assembly epoch for galaxies will be a major area in astronomy and astrophysics for the next few decades. The light grasp and spatial resolution of a 30m telescope is essenti ...
The Early Universe
... maximum distance we can see out to in the Universe. More generally, for any point in the Universe, the horizon is the maximum distance from which light could have reached that point, within the age of the Universe. Nothing outside your horizon can have any effect on you, because it has never been in ...
... maximum distance we can see out to in the Universe. More generally, for any point in the Universe, the horizon is the maximum distance from which light could have reached that point, within the age of the Universe. Nothing outside your horizon can have any effect on you, because it has never been in ...
Slide 1
... is known as the Doppler effect. b) There is an observed increase in the wavelength of light from most distant galaxies. The further away the galaxies are, the faster they are moving, and the bigger the observed increase in wavelength. This effect is called red-shift. c) How the observed red-shift pr ...
... is known as the Doppler effect. b) There is an observed increase in the wavelength of light from most distant galaxies. The further away the galaxies are, the faster they are moving, and the bigger the observed increase in wavelength. This effect is called red-shift. c) How the observed red-shift pr ...
Big Bang and Beyond
... • If the energy level of the new nucleus is very different from one of its natural energy state, the new nucleus is unstable and will decompose (radio-activity): ...
... • If the energy level of the new nucleus is very different from one of its natural energy state, the new nucleus is unstable and will decompose (radio-activity): ...
Big Bang
The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale evolution. The model accounts for the fact that the universe expanded from a very high density and high temperature state, and offers a comprehensive explanation for a broad range of observed phenomena, including the abundance of light elements, the cosmic microwave background, large scale structure, and Hubble's Law. If the known laws of physics are extrapolated beyond where they are valid, there is a singularity. Modern measurements place this moment at approximately 13.8 billion years ago, which is thus considered the age of the universe. After the initial expansion, the universe cooled sufficiently to allow the formation of subatomic particles, and later simple atoms. Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced through gravity to form stars and galaxies.Since Georges Lemaître first noted, in 1927, that an expanding universe might be traced back in time to an originating single point, scientists have built on his idea of cosmic expansion. While the scientific community was once divided between supporters of two different expanding universe theories, the Big Bang and the Steady State theory, accumulated empirical evidence provides strong support for the former. In 1929, from analysis of galactic redshifts, Edwin Hubble concluded that galaxies are drifting apart, important observational evidence consistent with the hypothesis of an expanding universe. In 1965, the cosmic microwave background radiation was discovered, which was crucial evidence in favor of the Big Bang model, since that theory predicted the existence of background radiation throughout the universe before it was discovered. More recently, measurements of the redshifts of supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, an observation attributed to dark energy's existence. The known physical laws of nature can be used to calculate the characteristics of the universe in detail back in time to an initial state of extreme density and temperature.