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Mutations affecting the cardiovascular system and other internal
Mutations affecting the cardiovascular system and other internal

... the knock-out mice do not show a cardiovascular phenotype (Kern et al., 1995), perhaps due to redundancy. In fact, the disruption of the retinoic acid receptors (RAR) α, β or γ individually do not result in any obvious phenotypes, but the compound mutations show severe defects in various organs, inc ...
Integrated mapping and characterization of the gene underlying the
Integrated mapping and characterization of the gene underlying the

... of the Dt subgenome, but the underlying gene has yet to be identified. In this study, we used a combination of targeted association analysis, F2 population-based fine mapping, and comparative sequencing of orthologues to identify a candidate gene underlying the okra leaf trait in G.  hirsutum. The o ...
Molecular characterization of glutathione peroxidase
Molecular characterization of glutathione peroxidase

... microcystins. [BMB reports 2008; 41(3): 204-209] ...
Perspective Two empires or three?
Perspective Two empires or three?

... speak of unicellular eukaryotes in the vernacular as protists. The number and kind of higher taxa of eukaryotes one should recognize for the various types of protists, in addition to the ...
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF

... Disease resistance is commonly the result of a biochemical pathway from ...
Transcript Isoform Differences Across Human Tissues Are
Transcript Isoform Differences Across Human Tissues Are

... Important biological processes are regulated by the expression of alternative isoforms 8,9 , and their mis-regulation has been observed in many diseases, including cancer 10,11,12,13 . For dozens of genes, it has been experimentally demonstrated that alternative isoforms result in proteins with diff ...
A MIAME-compliant Microarray Database
A MIAME-compliant Microarray Database

... • In the first experiment, they found some genes regulated by addition of GA-4 • They made GFP fusions to three of these genes ...
2. In vivo Maternal Haploid Induction in Maize
2. In vivo Maternal Haploid Induction in Maize

... Haploids   in   maize   can   be   obtained   either   through   in   vitro   (androgenesis)   or   in   vivo   methods.   Androgenesis   refers   to   the   development   of   haploid   plants   from   immature   pollen   either   by   anther ...
Adenomatous Polyp
Adenomatous Polyp

... There is progressive accumulation of mutations during the conversion of adenomas to carcinomas. In this scheme, mutations of the APC gene (resulting in homozygous loss of this tumor suppressor gene) are believed to occur first. (Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome are born with los ...
Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting Generates a Copper
Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting Generates a Copper

... was not identified in its genome (Fan et al., 2001; Rensing et al., 2000). A recent study demonstrated that the copper hypersensitivity caused by the artificial truncation of the N-terminal metal binding domain 1 (MBD1) of the E. coli CopA transporter could be compensated in trans by expression of t ...
Dissecting the Evolutionary Process of GENN
Dissecting the Evolutionary Process of GENN

... This NN produces a classification error, just as a protein produces a phenotype within an organism. Function: In GE a lower classification error indicates higher fitness. Natural selection will work at the level of reproductive fitness, forcing changes in the heritable material of both biological or ...
Textbook animal breeding Animal breeding and genetics for
Textbook animal breeding Animal breeding and genetics for

... Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre. Four BSc teachers contributed to this textbook by a critical review of the draft texts : Aline van Genderen from HAS-Den Bosch, Hans van Tartwijk from Van Hall-Larenstein in Wageningen, Jan van Diepen from CAHVilentum in Dronten en Linda Krijgsman from Inholland ...
Supplementary Figures
Supplementary Figures

... fluoxetine or agomelatine present significantly less complex granule neurons than uCMSexposed animals (F(4,21)=18.63, p<0.0001, η2=0.4701; post-hoc FLX: p<0.05; post-hoc AGOM: p<0.0001). Error bars denote SEM. * Denotes the effect of uCMS-exposure; # Denotes the effect of antidepressants comparing t ...
Textbook Animal Breeding and Genetics
Textbook Animal Breeding and Genetics

... Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre. Four BSc teachers contributed to this textbook by a critical review of the draft texts : Aline van Genderen from HAS-Den Bosch, Hans van Tartwijk from Van Hall-Larenstein in Wageningen, Jan van Diepen from CAHVilentum in Dronten en Linda Krijgsman from Inholland ...
TRIBOLIUM INFORMATION BULLETIN Number 7
TRIBOLIUM INFORMATION BULLETIN Number 7

... normal pupae do not extend beyond the tarsal tips. 11. Elytra and tarsi affected (eta). Sokoloff, 1963. Spontaneous autosomal recessive found in some crosses of fasD and mc. Whether two separate, closely linked gees are involved or whether the gene has pleiotropic effects is not known. The expressio ...
Intervention of Genetic Flow of the Foreign Cattle toward Diversity of
Intervention of Genetic Flow of the Foreign Cattle toward Diversity of

... cattle is caused by pigmentation that is controlled by genes. The Extension (E) locus is responsible for most of the variation in the cattle coat color. Three alleles present at this locus include: ED, dominant black, E+ responsible for most combination of red or reddish brown and black, and e, rece ...
A method for fast database search for all k-nucleotide repeats
A method for fast database search for all k-nucleotide repeats

... A signi cant portion of DNA consists of repeating patterns of various sizes, from very small (one, two and three nucleotides) to very large (over 300 nucleotides). Although the functions of these repeating regions are not well understood, they appear important for understanding the expression, regul ...
Two Linked Blood Pressure Quantitative Trait Loci on
Two Linked Blood Pressure Quantitative Trait Loci on

... congenic series. This is a uniquely powerful result for the existence and localization of a QTL from two independent congenic series. It means that both LEW and MNS probably carry functionally important contrasting alleles compared with S for a gene (or genes) in the QTL 1 region. In contrast to QTL ...
Host-Plasmid Interactions in Saccharomyces
Host-Plasmid Interactions in Saccharomyces

... The most plausible explanation for the observed increase in the stability of YRp7M with increasing ploidy is that its copy number increases proportionately, thus decreasing the probability of segregating plasmid-free cells in the absence of a functional centromere. Therefore the copy numbers of both ...
STUDIES OF INHERITANCE IN LOP
STUDIES OF INHERITANCE IN LOP

... than 4 or 5 young at a time, the remainder of the litter, if any, being entrusted to foster mothers. The young have been weaned, as a rule, when one month of age. At that time each animal was weighed, and measurements were made of its ear length and ear width. Thereafter the animals were weighed and ...
ORNAMENTAL WHITE CLOVER BREEDING AND LEAF TRAIT
ORNAMENTAL WHITE CLOVER BREEDING AND LEAF TRAIT

... (1955) state that the expression of the various leaf marks is controlled by two different genes (V and R) that each contain multiple alleles. Corkill (1971) hypothesized that the leaf marks are instead controlled by two different loci, each consisting of tightly linked genes, due to a small recombin ...
Notch activity induces Nodal expression and mediates the
Notch activity induces Nodal expression and mediates the

... To investigate whether these elements are functional in vivo, we utilized a transgenic approach in mice. A 355-bp fragment of the mouse Nodal promoter containing the RBPjk-binding sites was fused to a lacZ-reporter cassette to create a transgene similar to others previously shown to drive expression ...
ABO genotyping in leukemia patients reveals new ABO variant alleles
ABO genotyping in leukemia patients reveals new ABO variant alleles

... individuals into four blood groups (A, B, O, and AB). Numerous phenotypes with weak expression of A and B on red cells have been detected and different terminologies have been adopted for ABO subgroup classification (Issitt and Anstee, 1998). The sequence of nucleotides comprising the ABO gene, its ...
080201 Clinical and Molecular Genetic Features of Pulmonary
080201 Clinical and Molecular Genetic Features of Pulmonary

... Figure 1. Signaling Pathway of the Transforming Growth Factor b (TGF-b) Superfamily. In the extracellular space, ligands to the TGF-b superfamily of receptors bind either to an accessory protein, which presents the ligand to the type II receptor, or directly to the type II receptor on the cell membr ...
Document
Document

... Lesson 3 - Relate genotype and phenotype to nucleotide sequences in DNA. Lesson 4 - Sequence the steps in protein synthesis. Lesson 5 - Categorize different kinds of mutation in DNA. Lesson 6 - Compare the effects of different kinds of mutations on cells and organisms. Unit 9 - Principles of Evoluti ...
< 1 ... 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 ... 1937 >

Microevolution

Microevolution is the change in allele frequencies that occur over time within a population. This change is due to four different processes: mutation, selection (natural and artificial), gene flow, and genetic drift. This change happens over a relatively short (in evolutionary terms) amount of time compared to the changes termed 'macroevolution' which is where greater differences in the population occur.Population genetics is the branch of biology that provides the mathematical structure for the study of the process of microevolution. Ecological genetics concerns itself with observing microevolution in the wild. Typically, observable instances of evolution are examples of microevolution; for example, bacterial strains that have antibiotic resistance.Microevolution over time leads to speciation or the appearance of novel structure, sometimes classified as macroevolution. Macro and microevolution describe fundamentally identical processes on different scales.
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