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Reproduction and the pheromonal regulation of sex type in fern
Reproduction and the pheromonal regulation of sex type in fern

... 1979). By optimizing the conditions for inducing apospory in Ceratopteris richardii gametophytes, a recent study has established C. richardii as a useful experimental system for studying this phenomenon (Cordle et al., 2007). Induced apogamous sporophytes of C. richardii have features typical of the ...
Molecular and Cellular Biology, September 2000, p
Molecular and Cellular Biology, September 2000, p

... arrested and differentiated cells (61). It is therefore of great interest to discover the regulatory cascade that induces the expression of this gene in differentiated cells. We believe that molecules involved in this cascade interact with different regulatory pathways, leading to a general control ...
SHORT COMMUNICATION One-step multiplex RT-PCR
SHORT COMMUNICATION One-step multiplex RT-PCR

... Abstract. BCR/ABL fusion gene is a product derived from translocation of chromosome 22 to chromosome 9. Its presence confers a diagnostic value for chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). The aim of this study was to detect the presence of BCR/ABL fusion gene using a One-Step Multiplex Reverse Transcriptas ...
org.Dr.eg.db
org.Dr.eg.db

... assigned in the literature, users are cautioned that this map may produce multiple matching results for a single gene symbol. Users should map back from the entrez gene IDs produced to determine which result is the one they want when this happens. Because of this problem with redundant assigment of ...
Ch15 ppt - WEB . WHRSD . ORG
Ch15 ppt - WEB . WHRSD . ORG

... www.kimunity.com ...
Physiological characterization of natural transformation in
Physiological characterization of natural transformation in

... monas stutzeri; for a review see Stewart & Carlson, 1986). As more and more details of natural transformation in a number of these bacteria have been elucidated, it is becoming clear that distinct differences exist in this process between these organisms. Wellknown examples are the sequence specific ...
Using Symbolic Regression to Infer Strategies from Experimental Data
Using Symbolic Regression to Infer Strategies from Experimental Data

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Genome-wide expression screens indicate a global role for protein
Genome-wide expression screens indicate a global role for protein

... cells (Lorenz et al., 1993; Pepperkok et al., 1993; Pepperkok et al., 1994). Rather, according to their peak expression (Spellman et al., 1998; Cho et al., 1998), the genes can be assigned to various cell cycle stages. Aside from affected early genes (37 M/G1 phase and 95 G1 phase genes), genes ascr ...
June 2015 Question Paper 41
June 2015 Question Paper 41

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Chapter 14.
Chapter 14.

... www.kimunity.com ...
Detection of mcr-1 colistin resistance gene in
Detection of mcr-1 colistin resistance gene in

... [14]. Given the discrepancies between the international committees and the lack of colistin breakpoints for Enterobacteriaceae in CLSI, we considered it convenient to apply a screening method. Although disc diffusion is not recommended to test colistin susceptibility, it was useful for an initial sc ...
The trp Operon - aandersonbiology
The trp Operon - aandersonbiology

... and automatically used in every cell all the time. Each cell uses or expresses only a small portion of its total number of genes. The finger cells are not expressing the gene for insulin production. In 1961, Fracois Jacob and Jacques Monod described the control of gene expression as the operon model ...
q-value
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Cancer Knudson`s —two-hit“ hypothesis
Cancer Knudson`s —two-hit“ hypothesis

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Functions of DNA methylation: islands, start sites, gene bodies and
Functions of DNA methylation: islands, start sites, gene bodies and

... DNA is cleaved, denatured and precipitated using an antibody to 5mC, and then the precipitated fragments are sequenced35. Methods based on the treatment of DNA with bisulphite have become very popular. Bisulphite treatment converts unmethylated Cs to Us, which are subsequently amplified as Ts by PCR ...
Standard PDF - Wiley Online Library
Standard PDF - Wiley Online Library

... Pgi_111, which is a good measure of qi given that there are essentially two genotypes in this metapopulation (results were similar when qi was defined as the pooled frequency of the AC and CC genotypes). In the case of the smallest populations, allele frequencies are greatly affected by genetic drif ...
1q21 microdeletions
1q21 microdeletions

... normal chromosomes, the 1q21.1 microdeletion is a new occurrence. The genetic term for this is de novo (dn). A new 1q21.1 microdeletion has been caused by a mistake that occurred when the parents’ sperm or egg cells were formed or in the very earliest days after fertilisation. This is part of a natu ...
16S rRNA Sequence Analysis of Bacteria Present in Foaming Activated Sludge Introduction
16S rRNA Sequence Analysis of Bacteria Present in Foaming Activated Sludge Introduction

... protocol might not have been efficient enough to break up all Gram-positive cells such as “M. parvicella”. Another possible explanation for the discrepancy of not finding a 16S rDNA sequence for “M. parvicella” could be that the primer set that was used in this study targeted a too narrow range of b ...
1q21 microdeletions
1q21 microdeletions

... million base pairs, or one so-called megabase (Mb) of DNA. Base pairs are the chemicals in DNA that form the ends of the ‘rungs’ of its ladder-like structure. Chromosome 1 has around 247 Mb in total and band 1q21.1 alone contains around 5.4 Mb. In a class 1 deletion, DNA is typically missing between ...
PowerPoint Presentation - No Slide Title
PowerPoint Presentation - No Slide Title

... – Epistasis (G X G effects between loci) – Environment (G X E effects) ...
lecture - Department of Molecular & Cell Biology
lecture - Department of Molecular & Cell Biology

... the ability of cells to form a tumor is a recessive trait. They observed that the growth of murine tumor cells in syngeneic animals could be suppressed when the malignant cells were fused to nonmalignant cells, although reversion to tumorigenicity often occurred when the hybrids were propagated for ...
standard material transfer agreement
standard material transfer agreement

... for Food and Agriculture and that incorporates Material as referred to in Article 3 of this Agreement, and where such Product is not available without restriction to others for further research and breeding, the Recipient shall pay a fixed percentage of the Sales of the commercialized Product into t ...
Metallophiles and Acidophiles in Metal-Rich Environments
Metallophiles and Acidophiles in Metal-Rich Environments

... active agent), but these agriculturally polluted biotopes do not seem to be as selective of extremophiles as industrial biotopes. However, the action of copper-based fungicides allowed the selection of plasmid-borne resistances to copper in bacteria pathogenic for vegetable crops (Pseudomonas syring ...
computation for chIP-seq and rNA-seq studies
computation for chIP-seq and rNA-seq studies

... that map to a unique position in the genome or can include ‘multireads’ that map to multiple sites). These early choices in the analysis affect sensitivity and specificity, and their effects vary based on the specifics of each genome. If only uniquely mapping reads are used, some true sites of occup ...
Unit F212 - Molecules, biodiversity, food and health
Unit F212 - Molecules, biodiversity, food and health

... It is also responsible for developing new specifications to meet national requirements and the needs of students and teachers. OCR is a not-for-profit organisation; any surplus made is invested back into the establishment to help towards the development of qualifications and support which keep pace ...
< 1 ... 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 ... 1937 >

Microevolution

Microevolution is the change in allele frequencies that occur over time within a population. This change is due to four different processes: mutation, selection (natural and artificial), gene flow, and genetic drift. This change happens over a relatively short (in evolutionary terms) amount of time compared to the changes termed 'macroevolution' which is where greater differences in the population occur.Population genetics is the branch of biology that provides the mathematical structure for the study of the process of microevolution. Ecological genetics concerns itself with observing microevolution in the wild. Typically, observable instances of evolution are examples of microevolution; for example, bacterial strains that have antibiotic resistance.Microevolution over time leads to speciation or the appearance of novel structure, sometimes classified as macroevolution. Macro and microevolution describe fundamentally identical processes on different scales.
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