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Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of aqueous solutions using
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of aqueous solutions using

... In standard FT-JR instruments, the measured signal has a large dynamic range caused by the broad spectrum of the source and the basic working principle of the instrument (which is the measurement of intensity as a function of pathlength difference in the two arms of a Michelson interferometer) . As ...
Interference3
Interference3

... coefficient of reflection from the surface of a rarer medium but opposite in sign. • Intensity of reflected light is the same for a ray incident from either side of the boundary. • Negative sign in amplitude indicates a phase change of  occurring due to reflection at medium I and II. There are two ...
Low-Coherence Fibre-Optic Interferometric Sensors
Low-Coherence Fibre-Optic Interferometric Sensors

... fringe in the interference fringe pattern. It is so important because this position refers to the zero value of the OPD and therefore gives information about the measurand. The intensity difference between the central fringe and the first side fringe can be so small that the signal-to-noise ratio re ...
Optical communication systems
Optical communication systems

... transmit information from one place to another. Light is a type of electromagnetic radiation like radio waves. Today, infrared light is being used increasingly as the carrier for information in communication systems. The transmission medium is either free space or a light-carrying cable called a fib ...
Fiber Optics Communications
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The Time-Shift Technique for Measurement of Size and Velocity of
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The Fundamentals of Infrared Spectroscopy
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PHASE CONTRAST MICROSCOPY
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Faraday Rotation - Northeastern University
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Third-harmonic Rayleigh scattering: theory and experiment
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Homework Set #6 Due: 3-28-14
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... birefringent material, not to any particular lines in space, so they might better be called fast and slow directions. They are determined by the crystal structure of the birefringent material. Problem 5: Linearly polarized light enters two sequential quarter-wave plates. The two plates have their fa ...
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PowerPoint - ECSE - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
PowerPoint - ECSE - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

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Use of Broadband, Continuous-Wave Diode Lasers in Cavity Ring
Use of Broadband, Continuous-Wave Diode Lasers in Cavity Ring

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... chemical, thermal or material property changes.1 In biomedical applications, plasmonic nanoparticles can be used as labels in cells and tissues and are imaged via various effects, including photothermal (PT) imaging, photoacoustic shock-wave imaging, and polarization imaging. 25 Electromagnetic ene ...
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Photoacoustic effect

The photoacoustic effect or optoacoustic effect is the formation of sound waves following light absorption in a material sample. In order to obtain this effect the light intensity must vary, either periodically (modulated light) or as a single flash (pulsed light). The photoacoustic effect is quantified by measuring the formed sound (pressure changes) with appropriate detectors, such as microphones or piezoelectric sensors. The time variation of the electric output (current or voltage) from these detectors is the photoacoustic signal. These measurements are useful to determine certain properties of the studied sample. For example, in photoacoustic spectroscopy, the photoacoustic signal is used to obtain the actual absorption of light in either opaque or transparent objects. It is useful for substances in extremely low concentrations, because very strong pulses of light from a laser can be used to increase sensitivity and very narrow wavelengths can be used for specificity. Furthermore, photoacoustic measurements serve as a valuable research tool in the study of the heat evolved in photochemical reactions (see: photochemistry), particularly in the study of photosynthesis.Most generally, electromagnetic radiation of any kind can give rise to a photoacoustic effect. This includes the whole range of electromagnetic frequencies, from gamma radiation and X-rays to microwave and radio. Still, much of the reported research and applications, utilizing the photoacoustic effect, is concerned with the near ultraviolet/visible and infrared spectral regions.
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