Modulating the electronic structures of graphene by controllable
... from localized resonance in six-sp2 C-ring encircled by sp3 C u H, which is the most stable configuration proposed for 25% H coverage on single side.16 The electron state located at 1.8 eV may originate from C dimer states formed at even higher H coverage, analogous to graphitic C dimer states on ...
... from localized resonance in six-sp2 C-ring encircled by sp3 C u H, which is the most stable configuration proposed for 25% H coverage on single side.16 The electron state located at 1.8 eV may originate from C dimer states formed at even higher H coverage, analogous to graphitic C dimer states on ...
metamaterial_absorber
... Metamaterials Interest in metamaterials is a result of their flexibility when interacting with and controlling electromagnetic radiation such as light. These are optical materials that can function in a manner similar to glass or prisms. However, these materials extend the capability to control the ...
... Metamaterials Interest in metamaterials is a result of their flexibility when interacting with and controlling electromagnetic radiation such as light. These are optical materials that can function in a manner similar to glass or prisms. However, these materials extend the capability to control the ...
Observation of two-photon emission from semiconductors
... complementary wavelength photons with the suppression of the rest of the spectrum. Similar results are shown for GaInP/AlGaInP QWs, and a photon-coincidence experiment verifies the simultaneity of the TPE. In our first experiment, we optically pumped GaAs with a 100-mW continuous-wave 514-nm argon l ...
... complementary wavelength photons with the suppression of the rest of the spectrum. Similar results are shown for GaInP/AlGaInP QWs, and a photon-coincidence experiment verifies the simultaneity of the TPE. In our first experiment, we optically pumped GaAs with a 100-mW continuous-wave 514-nm argon l ...
chapter 5: effect of the optical properties of the epidermis on laser
... For most laser treatments the target site is some distance into the skin. The thickness of the epidermal layer in skin varies with location across the body. The absorption coefficient is a measure of the absorption (attenuation) of light through the medium (skin). The penetration depth of light in s ...
... For most laser treatments the target site is some distance into the skin. The thickness of the epidermal layer in skin varies with location across the body. The absorption coefficient is a measure of the absorption (attenuation) of light through the medium (skin). The penetration depth of light in s ...
Appendix D – Raman Spectra
... found in Appendix D. For both spectra, the RBM, D-peak, and G-peak could be observed, although a considerable amount of noise was present in the spectra. At a wavelength of 785 nm, there were two peaks visible in the RBM range (100-400 cm-1) and were quite visible in the spectrum. The D-peak (1300-1 ...
... found in Appendix D. For both spectra, the RBM, D-peak, and G-peak could be observed, although a considerable amount of noise was present in the spectra. At a wavelength of 785 nm, there were two peaks visible in the RBM range (100-400 cm-1) and were quite visible in the spectrum. The D-peak (1300-1 ...
PPT-IIa - Laboratory for Remote Sensing Hydrology and Spatial
... • The amount of scattered energy by Rayleigh scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of wavelength of radiation. • Rayleigh scattering causes shorter wavelengths of radiation to be scattered much more than longer wavelengths. • The blue sky and red sunset are typical examples of Ra ...
... • The amount of scattered energy by Rayleigh scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of wavelength of radiation. • Rayleigh scattering causes shorter wavelengths of radiation to be scattered much more than longer wavelengths. • The blue sky and red sunset are typical examples of Ra ...
Non-ideal Plastic Behavior
... problem. Traditionally, samples are removed from the process and tested in a quality assurance laboratory. This procedure is often fairly timeconsuming and means that some of the product is usually wasted before a particular problem becomes apparent. For this reason, there is an ...
... problem. Traditionally, samples are removed from the process and tested in a quality assurance laboratory. This procedure is often fairly timeconsuming and means that some of the product is usually wasted before a particular problem becomes apparent. For this reason, there is an ...
Phase retrieval in X-ray phase-contrast imaging suitable for
... use: interferometry, diffraction-enhanced imaging, in-line phase contrast, and grating interferometry (Talbot imaging) [2, 13, 14]. Out of those methods, the last two show distinct advantages. They can both be used with broad-band sources. A version of the grating interferometry (Talbot-Lau interfer ...
... use: interferometry, diffraction-enhanced imaging, in-line phase contrast, and grating interferometry (Talbot imaging) [2, 13, 14]. Out of those methods, the last two show distinct advantages. They can both be used with broad-band sources. A version of the grating interferometry (Talbot-Lau interfer ...
Alkali-metal atoms in laser fields: optical pumping, coherent
... that are due to the coupling between the Doppler shift and the interaction times through the longitudinal velocity of the atoms. Using coherent population trapping (CPT) in 85 Rb, an all-optical atomic clock has been realized. The good noise properties of the diode laser, an optimized buffer gas, an ...
... that are due to the coupling between the Doppler shift and the interaction times through the longitudinal velocity of the atoms. Using coherent population trapping (CPT) in 85 Rb, an all-optical atomic clock has been realized. The good noise properties of the diode laser, an optimized buffer gas, an ...
Resonant bio- and chemical sensors using low-refractive
... polishing step limits sensor length to several cm. Forth, the desired MOFs can be mass-produced using commercial fiber draw tower in a very cost-effective manner. Fifth, the MOFs can potentially be scaled up into a two-dimensional array with small dimensions, which is suitable for making into portabl ...
... polishing step limits sensor length to several cm. Forth, the desired MOFs can be mass-produced using commercial fiber draw tower in a very cost-effective manner. Fifth, the MOFs can potentially be scaled up into a two-dimensional array with small dimensions, which is suitable for making into portabl ...
Single scattering by red blood cells
... range. The optical properties of the erythrocytes used in the calculations are given in Section 3. The experiment is described in Section 4, and the results are in Section 5. In addition to the appropriate theoretical description of the observed scattering behavior of the cells, a practically applic ...
... range. The optical properties of the erythrocytes used in the calculations are given in Section 3. The experiment is described in Section 4, and the results are in Section 5. In addition to the appropriate theoretical description of the observed scattering behavior of the cells, a practically applic ...
Geometrical-optics code for computing the optical
... same calculation for ⫽ 2.0 m shows that N ⫽ 2 is enough for all incidence angles. Glantschnig and Chen33 compared angular scattering diagrams for ⫽ 0.49 m on the basis of the geometrical-optics approximation for N ⫽ 2 with results from exact Mie calculations. They found that for ⌰i ⱕ 60°, the ...
... same calculation for ⫽ 2.0 m shows that N ⫽ 2 is enough for all incidence angles. Glantschnig and Chen33 compared angular scattering diagrams for ⫽ 0.49 m on the basis of the geometrical-optics approximation for N ⫽ 2 with results from exact Mie calculations. They found that for ⌰i ⱕ 60°, the ...
Conformational studies of aliphatic secondary ozonides
... of alkene, temperature of the reaction, environmental effects, internal energy as well as reactions with other molecular species surrounding the reactants. Despite numerous studies of the reaction by different spectroscopic techniques the precise mechanism of the reaction is still unknown [1–4]. It’s ...
... of alkene, temperature of the reaction, environmental effects, internal energy as well as reactions with other molecular species surrounding the reactants. Despite numerous studies of the reaction by different spectroscopic techniques the precise mechanism of the reaction is still unknown [1–4]. It’s ...
Structural and optical properties of visible active
... Research on photocatalytic (PC) materials has attracted much interest as a sustainable method for pollutant degradation, water splitting, and synthetic fuel production.1–3 Nanocrystalline forms of wide band gap semiconducting oxides, and primarily, the anatase form of TiO2, is by far the most studie ...
... Research on photocatalytic (PC) materials has attracted much interest as a sustainable method for pollutant degradation, water splitting, and synthetic fuel production.1–3 Nanocrystalline forms of wide band gap semiconducting oxides, and primarily, the anatase form of TiO2, is by far the most studie ...
Characterization of the citrate precursor, used for
... obtaining a mixed solution of stoichiometric quantities of Mg(NO3)2•6H2O, Zn(NO3)2•6H2O, and ferric citrate FeC6H5O7•H2O. The ratio of metal ions to anhydrous citric acid (C6H8O7) used is 1:3. Ammonia hydroxide is used for correcting the pH rate up to 6. The obtained solution is heated at 80°C. Sole ...
... obtaining a mixed solution of stoichiometric quantities of Mg(NO3)2•6H2O, Zn(NO3)2•6H2O, and ferric citrate FeC6H5O7•H2O. The ratio of metal ions to anhydrous citric acid (C6H8O7) used is 1:3. Ammonia hydroxide is used for correcting the pH rate up to 6. The obtained solution is heated at 80°C. Sole ...
György Dombi Gerda Szakonyi Authors
... Visual observation of the end-point by using an acidbase indicator is simple and convenient, but it may cause several problems. Instrumental methods are being used in most of the quantitative analyses in the Pharmacopeia; for acidbase titrations, the measurement of pH can be a possible solution. P ...
... Visual observation of the end-point by using an acidbase indicator is simple and convenient, but it may cause several problems. Instrumental methods are being used in most of the quantitative analyses in the Pharmacopeia; for acidbase titrations, the measurement of pH can be a possible solution. P ...
Dissociation of H in the energy region at the n state
... internuclear distance, strongly suggest that the direct excitation of the vibrational continua of singly excited bound Ž1ssg .Ž nl l. Rydberg states from the BŽ ÕX . levels may dominate over the excitation of the doubly excited states for total energies above the n s 3 limit w7x. In these calculatio ...
... internuclear distance, strongly suggest that the direct excitation of the vibrational continua of singly excited bound Ž1ssg .Ž nl l. Rydberg states from the BŽ ÕX . levels may dominate over the excitation of the doubly excited states for total energies above the n s 3 limit w7x. In these calculatio ...
Study on high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) silicon p
... SNR can be over 104 within the wavelength range of 500–600 nm and the peak of spectral responsivity is 0.48 A/W at about 520 nm. 3.1. Optimizing the p-n junction depth xj The 1/α is penetration depth of light wavelength λ, where α is photoabsorption coefficient. For the devices whose junction depth ...
... SNR can be over 104 within the wavelength range of 500–600 nm and the peak of spectral responsivity is 0.48 A/W at about 520 nm. 3.1. Optimizing the p-n junction depth xj The 1/α is penetration depth of light wavelength λ, where α is photoabsorption coefficient. For the devices whose junction depth ...
Rayleigh Scattering
... FRS 2D temperature distribution in acetylene/air premixed flames. The upper picture at = 1.6 1 6 and the lower at = 2.4. ...
... FRS 2D temperature distribution in acetylene/air premixed flames. The upper picture at = 1.6 1 6 and the lower at = 2.4. ...
Coherent population trapping resonances at lower atomic
... resonant transition |1ñ ® |3ñ. This transmission is defined by the difference between populations of levels |1ñ and |3ñ. However, the detected CPT peak is determined mainly by the trapped atomic population at the lower level |1ñ in the nonclosed L-system (Fig. 1) because of negligible population of ...
... resonant transition |1ñ ® |3ñ. This transmission is defined by the difference between populations of levels |1ñ and |3ñ. However, the detected CPT peak is determined mainly by the trapped atomic population at the lower level |1ñ in the nonclosed L-system (Fig. 1) because of negligible population of ...
Chemistry written examination 1 2008–2011
... • make sure chemical equations are balanced and that the formulas for individual substances include an indication of state; for example, H2(g); NaCl(s) Question 1 Citric acid, C6H8O7, is an acid found in the juice of many fruit. The following analysis was carried out to determine the concentration o ...
... • make sure chemical equations are balanced and that the formulas for individual substances include an indication of state; for example, H2(g); NaCl(s) Question 1 Citric acid, C6H8O7, is an acid found in the juice of many fruit. The following analysis was carried out to determine the concentration o ...
Simultaneous Generation of Different Types of Ion Pairs upon
... accuracy. Moreover, precise measurement of the absorption spectrum of the excited DAC is crucial to establish its exact nature. We present here an investigation of the CR dynamics of ion pairs generated upon CT excitation of the MPe/TCNE complex in several solvents using femtosecond visible transien ...
... accuracy. Moreover, precise measurement of the absorption spectrum of the excited DAC is crucial to establish its exact nature. We present here an investigation of the CR dynamics of ion pairs generated upon CT excitation of the MPe/TCNE complex in several solvents using femtosecond visible transien ...
Active semiconductor-based grating waveguide structures
... smaller compared to forward voltage configurations since the depletion region width decreases as the doping (and the free charge carriers concentration) increases. Therefore, the dependence of the refractive index change on the variation in charge carriers concentration is weaker in these configurat ...
... smaller compared to forward voltage configurations since the depletion region width decreases as the doping (and the free charge carriers concentration) increases. Therefore, the dependence of the refractive index change on the variation in charge carriers concentration is weaker in these configurat ...
Full-Text PDF
... tomography (OCT), infrared thermography, electrical impedance, and vibrational spectroscopy have been tested for detection of melanoma [9,10]. Dermoscopy involves the use of a handheld microscope with a magnification lens and polarized light to examine the suspect lesion down to the deeper dermis st ...
... tomography (OCT), infrared thermography, electrical impedance, and vibrational spectroscopy have been tested for detection of melanoma [9,10]. Dermoscopy involves the use of a handheld microscope with a magnification lens and polarized light to examine the suspect lesion down to the deeper dermis st ...
9 Exact Scattering and Absorption by Spheres: Lorenz
... miecoated_iscan(m1,m2,y,nsteps), where i=w, wr, pr are used to plot the efficiencies (for given y) versus volumetric fraction w of the coating, fractional thickness wr and pr of core and coating, respectively, and Option for Miecoated is opt=1. The efficiencies Qi for the interaction of radiation wi ...
... miecoated_iscan(m1,m2,y,nsteps), where i=w, wr, pr are used to plot the efficiencies (for given y) versus volumetric fraction w of the coating, fractional thickness wr and pr of core and coating, respectively, and Option for Miecoated is opt=1. The efficiencies Qi for the interaction of radiation wi ...
Atomic absorption spectroscopy
Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a spectroanalytical procedure for the quantitative determination of chemical elements using the absorption of optical radiation (light) by free atoms in the gaseous state.In analytical chemistry the technique is used for determining the concentration of a particular element (the analyte) in a sample to be analyzed. AAS can be used to determine over 70 different elements in solution or directly in solid samples used in pharmacology, biophysics and toxicology research.Atomic absorption spectroscopy was first used as an analytical technique, and the underlying principles were established in the second half of the 19th century by Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, both professors at the University of Heidelberg, Germany.The modern form of AAS was largely developed during the 1950s by a team of Australian chemists. They were led by Sir Alan Walsh at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Division of Chemical Physics, in Melbourne, Australia.Atomic absorption spectrometry has many uses in different areas of chemistry such as: Clinical analysis: Analyzing metals in biological fluids and tissues such as whole blood, plasma, urine, saliva, brain tissue, liver, muscle tissue, semen Pharmaceuticals: In some pharmaceutical manufacturing processes, minute quantities of a catalyst that remain in the final drug product Water analysis: Analyzing water for its metal content.↑ ↑ ↑