Tutorial Questions
... adiabatically from a radius of 1013 m to a radius of 1012 m. If the initial temperature of the cloud is 10 K, what is its temperature after its collapse? 3. Given that PV is a constant for a reversible, adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas, show that TV-1 is also a constant. 4. The fireball of a ur ...
... adiabatically from a radius of 1013 m to a radius of 1012 m. If the initial temperature of the cloud is 10 K, what is its temperature after its collapse? 3. Given that PV is a constant for a reversible, adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas, show that TV-1 is also a constant. 4. The fireball of a ur ...
Some ideas from thermodynamics
... downhill (gravity) as well as friction. Obviously the work done traversing the wiggly path up the hill is greater than that along the straight path, since friction always acts opposite to the direction of motion. That is, the part of the work arising from overcoming gravity is independent of path (b ...
... downhill (gravity) as well as friction. Obviously the work done traversing the wiggly path up the hill is greater than that along the straight path, since friction always acts opposite to the direction of motion. That is, the part of the work arising from overcoming gravity is independent of path (b ...
1 7.3 Heat capacities: extensive state variables (Hiroshi Matsuoka
... corresponds to Avogadro’s number of atoms or molecules and is therefore proportional to heat capacity per atom or molecule so that by comparing molar heat capacities of various systems, we can gain some insight into how the total energy of each of these systems is divided among its constituent atoms ...
... corresponds to Avogadro’s number of atoms or molecules and is therefore proportional to heat capacity per atom or molecule so that by comparing molar heat capacities of various systems, we can gain some insight into how the total energy of each of these systems is divided among its constituent atoms ...
Heat
... When quantities are expressed in moles, specific heats must also involve moles (rather than a mass unit); they are then called molar specific heats. ...
... When quantities are expressed in moles, specific heats must also involve moles (rather than a mass unit); they are then called molar specific heats. ...
AP Physics - Thermodynamics
... W PV We have now found that for an isobaric process, the work done is equal to the pressure multiplied by the change in volume. To make this general, we look at a graph of pressure vs volume. For our isobaric process, the graph looks like this (see graph to the right): The area under the curve is ...
... W PV We have now found that for an isobaric process, the work done is equal to the pressure multiplied by the change in volume. To make this general, we look at a graph of pressure vs volume. For our isobaric process, the graph looks like this (see graph to the right): The area under the curve is ...
Chapter 15: Thermal Properties of Matter
... above which material does not separate into two phases. It goes smoothly without a phase transition. ...
... above which material does not separate into two phases. It goes smoothly without a phase transition. ...
Thermodynamics - myersparkphysics
... work we can possibly get for a given amount of fuel? The efficiency question was first posed—and solved—by Sadi Carnot in 1820, not long after steam engines had become efficient enough to begin replacing water wheels, at that time the main power sources for industry. Not surprisingly, perhaps, Carno ...
... work we can possibly get for a given amount of fuel? The efficiency question was first posed—and solved—by Sadi Carnot in 1820, not long after steam engines had become efficient enough to begin replacing water wheels, at that time the main power sources for industry. Not surprisingly, perhaps, Carno ...
Thermodynamics
... work we can possibly get for a given amount of fuel? The efficiency question was first posed—and solved—by Sadi Carnot in 1820, not long after steam engines had become efficient enough to begin replacing water wheels, at that time the main power sources for industry. Not surprisingly, perhaps, Carno ...
... work we can possibly get for a given amount of fuel? The efficiency question was first posed—and solved—by Sadi Carnot in 1820, not long after steam engines had become efficient enough to begin replacing water wheels, at that time the main power sources for industry. Not surprisingly, perhaps, Carno ...
heat
... On a P-V diagram, work is… the area under the curve. Important because it tells you how efficient thermodynamic systems are (i.e. how much energy is converted to work) ...
... On a P-V diagram, work is… the area under the curve. Important because it tells you how efficient thermodynamic systems are (i.e. how much energy is converted to work) ...
Calorimetry
Calorimetry is the science or act of measuring changes in state variables of a body for the purpose of deriving the heat transfer associated with changes of its state due for example to chemical reactions, physical changes, or phase transitions under specified constraints. Calorimetry is performed with a calorimeter. The word calorimetry is derived from the Latin word calor, meaning heat and the Greek word μέτρον (metron), meaning measure. Scottish physician and scientist Joseph Black, who was the first to recognize the distinction between heat and temperature, is said to be the founder of the science of calorimetry.Indirect Calorimetry calculates heat that living organisms produce by measuring either their production of carbon dioxide and nitrogen waste (frequently ammonia in aquatic organisms, or urea in terrestrial ones), or from their consumption of oxygen. Lavoisier noted in 1780 that heat production can be predicted from oxygen consumption this way, using multiple regression. The Dynamic Energy Budget theory explains why this procedure is correct. Heat generated by living organisms may also be measured by direct calorimetry, in which the entire organism is placed inside the calorimeter for the measurement.A widely used modern instrument is the differential scanning calorimeter, a device which allows thermal data to be obtained on small amounts of material. It involves heating the sample at a controlled rate and recording the heat flow either into or from the specimen.