Optical spectroscopy and electronic structure of the face-centered icosahedral quasicrystals Zn- R
... high structural quality of the quasicrystals. The mass density of the QCs was measured by the Micrometrics AccuPyc 1330 setup. The valence electron concentrations, determined from the recorded values, are presented in Table I. The optical surfaces of single-grain QC samples were prepared by a ca ...
... high structural quality of the quasicrystals. The mass density of the QCs was measured by the Micrometrics AccuPyc 1330 setup. The valence electron concentrations, determined from the recorded values, are presented in Table I. The optical surfaces of single-grain QC samples were prepared by a ca ...
Class 1
... molecules can be determined by ESI – another big advantage over EI. Most analyzers have limits on the size of m/z that can be measured with acceptable accuracy. For example, if a sample molecule has M = 10,000, it would be difficult to measure its m/z value if the ion was merely M.+ or MH+, but if i ...
... molecules can be determined by ESI – another big advantage over EI. Most analyzers have limits on the size of m/z that can be measured with acceptable accuracy. For example, if a sample molecule has M = 10,000, it would be difficult to measure its m/z value if the ion was merely M.+ or MH+, but if i ...
Gamma-ray emission from Wolf
... In the case of early-type binaries the situation is different. In a typical WR+OB binary the collision of the winds from both stars produces a strong shock at some point between the stars, in a region exposed to strong UV stellar fields. Both electrons and protons can be accelerated in these collidi ...
... In the case of early-type binaries the situation is different. In a typical WR+OB binary the collision of the winds from both stars produces a strong shock at some point between the stars, in a region exposed to strong UV stellar fields. Both electrons and protons can be accelerated in these collidi ...
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... described in Fig. 1(a). In the first set of reconstructions all f luorophores are located in the object, and there is no background f luorescence. In Figs. 1(b) and 1(d) we demonstrate a reconstruction proportional to the f luorophore concentration with source modulation frequencies of 50 and 150 MH ...
... described in Fig. 1(a). In the first set of reconstructions all f luorophores are located in the object, and there is no background f luorescence. In Figs. 1(b) and 1(d) we demonstrate a reconstruction proportional to the f luorophore concentration with source modulation frequencies of 50 and 150 MH ...
Compound semiconductor photosensors
... InGaAs PIN photodiodes are fabricated with a semiconductor layer called the cap layer which is formed on the InGaAs light absorption layer to suppress the surface leakage current that can cause noise. Light at wavelengths shorter than the cutoff wavelength of the semiconductor comprising the cap lay ...
... InGaAs PIN photodiodes are fabricated with a semiconductor layer called the cap layer which is formed on the InGaAs light absorption layer to suppress the surface leakage current that can cause noise. Light at wavelengths shorter than the cutoff wavelength of the semiconductor comprising the cap lay ...
Confocal microscopy with a volume holographic filter
... The pinhole preceding the detector in a confocal microscope is a shift-variant optical element. On-axis in-focus point-source objects are imaged exactly inside the pinhole and give maximal intensity. An out-offocus object, even when it is on axis, is equivalent to an extended source on the input foc ...
... The pinhole preceding the detector in a confocal microscope is a shift-variant optical element. On-axis in-focus point-source objects are imaged exactly inside the pinhole and give maximal intensity. An out-offocus object, even when it is on axis, is equivalent to an extended source on the input foc ...
SOLUTIONS AND ANSWERS TO 1996 ABHP EXAM 2 QUESTION 1
... of a specific risk calculation include: 1. uncertainty associated with the model used to describe how the risk varies as a function of time for persons exposed at various ages; 2. uncertainty associated with the model used to describe how the risk increases with dose; and 3. the statistical uncertai ...
... of a specific risk calculation include: 1. uncertainty associated with the model used to describe how the risk varies as a function of time for persons exposed at various ages; 2. uncertainty associated with the model used to describe how the risk increases with dose; and 3. the statistical uncertai ...
Investigation of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Source for CO Dissociation
... atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, causing a swell of scientific interest to ease the predicted effects of global warming. One possible solution to decrease atmospheric concentrations of CO2 is the use of a plasma source to break apart the molecule into carbon monoxide (CO) and oxygen. ...
... atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, causing a swell of scientific interest to ease the predicted effects of global warming. One possible solution to decrease atmospheric concentrations of CO2 is the use of a plasma source to break apart the molecule into carbon monoxide (CO) and oxygen. ...
Accelerator Experiments and Theoretical Models for the Electron Screening Effect in
... is connected to a current integrator. The targets were disks made from different pure metals becoming self-implanted deuterium targets under the beam irradiation. Four Si-detectors at the laboratory angles of 90 , 110 , 130 and 150 were used for the detection of all charged particles, p, t, 3 He, of ...
... is connected to a current integrator. The targets were disks made from different pure metals becoming self-implanted deuterium targets under the beam irradiation. Four Si-detectors at the laboratory angles of 90 , 110 , 130 and 150 were used for the detection of all charged particles, p, t, 3 He, of ...
Optical Properties of Aluminum Oxide
... electrons, and E the characteristic scattering angle for inelastic scattering with energy-loss E. Equation (4) assumes the dipole approximation, i.e., (E,q) ⳱ (E,0) ⳱ (E) for small values of the momentum transfer q, which is valid here. The single-scattering spectrum is obtained from the recorde ...
... electrons, and E the characteristic scattering angle for inelastic scattering with energy-loss E. Equation (4) assumes the dipole approximation, i.e., (E,q) ⳱ (E,0) ⳱ (E) for small values of the momentum transfer q, which is valid here. The single-scattering spectrum is obtained from the recorde ...
beaming, synchrotron and inverse compton
... may come not only by a single spherical blob, but by, for instance, many blobs, or even by a continuos distribution of emitting particles flowing in the jet. If we assume that the walls of the jet are fixed, then the concept of “comoving” frame is somewhat misleading, because if we are comoving with ...
... may come not only by a single spherical blob, but by, for instance, many blobs, or even by a continuos distribution of emitting particles flowing in the jet. If we assume that the walls of the jet are fixed, then the concept of “comoving” frame is somewhat misleading, because if we are comoving with ...
Gamma spectroscopy
Gamma-ray spectroscopy is the quantitative study of the energy spectra of gamma-ray sources, in such as the nuclear industry, geochemical investigation, and astrophysics. Most radioactive sources produce gamma rays, which are of various energies and intensities. When these emissions are detected and analyzed with a spectroscopy system, a gamma-ray energy spectrum can be produced. A detailed analysis of this spectrum is typically used to determine the identity and quantity of gamma emitters present in a gamma source, and is a vital tool in radiometric assay. The gamma spectrum is characteristic of the gamma-emitting nuclides contained in the source, just as in optical spectroscopy, the optical spectrum is characteristic of the material contained in a sample.