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Marine Ecology, Ecosystems, Marine Factors, Seawater Chemistry
Marine Ecology, Ecosystems, Marine Factors, Seawater Chemistry

... The open ocean is divided into zones depending on the amount of light it receives • ...from the epipelagic layer to the mesopelagic zone 200-1000m in which daytime inhabitants migrate upwards during the night, bringing back nutrients and some exhibit bioluminescence (light producing organs called p ...
9 - Mr. Neason`s Earth Science
9 - Mr. Neason`s Earth Science

... Data from the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, revealed large undersea mountains. 1900s the discovery of Sonar (Sound Navigation and Ranging) is a system that uses sound waves to calculate the distance to an object on the ocean floor. Leading to the mapping of the ocean floor. Deep-Ocean Trenches Late ...
Chapter 2
Chapter 2

... by surface winds, modified by the Coriolis effect. Speed of ocean currents is about 2%–3% of the wind speed. ...
An ultimate limiting nutrient
An ultimate limiting nutrient

Coral Reefs - COSEE Florida
Coral Reefs - COSEE Florida

... that allows us to farm and grow food. The ocean provides us with seafood and food additives that make up a large part of our diet. Our climate is affected by the ocean’s current — the movement of water, which shifts warm air, cold air, and rains onto land. We use the ocean for transportation. We ext ...
Hydrothermal Vents
Hydrothermal Vents

... years. New vents are populated very quickly. ...
Oceans - Seaweek
Oceans - Seaweek

... world with no land in the way. As a result, both the surface and deep waters flow from west to east around Antarctica. The main current in the Southern Ocean is the Antarctic Circumpolar Current - The big ACC! (Circumpolar means it encircles a polar region) It is a vital link between the global ocea ...
Oceans Integrated Unit Plan - Royal Society of New Zealand
Oceans Integrated Unit Plan - Royal Society of New Zealand

... world with no land in the way. As a result, both the surface and deep waters flow from west to east around Antarctica. The main current in the Southern Ocean is the Antarctic Circumpolar Current - The big ACC! (Circumpolar means it encircles a polar region) It is a vital link between the global ocea ...
EARTHSYS/ESS 8: The Oceans Activity 3 Activity 3 Due May 2
EARTHSYS/ESS 8: The Oceans Activity 3 Activity 3 Due May 2

... and the surface ocean creates the large-scale surface ocean currents we saw above. Once this water is in motion, however, it is important to consider how the Coriolis effect influences water movement. Water is much more dense than air, so water masses are deflected even more strongly by the Coriolis ...
oceanic - Southern Local Schools
oceanic - Southern Local Schools

... • The deepest water in the ocean is colder than 00 C, but it remains liquid because of its salinity and the increased pressure at that depth. ...
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Earth`s Oceans

... • The deepest water in the ocean is colder than 00 C, but it remains liquid because of its salinity and the increased pressure at that depth. ...
ángeles garcía pardo
ángeles garcía pardo

... Is the most simple and perhaps the oldest of scientific questions on marine life. How many are known is straightforward, and the answer is 235,000 species, with a yearly increment of 2,000 new species. However, there is no agreement on how many there might be. In the last couple of years, one study ...
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Vocabulary Review Summary of Key Ideas

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Developing a Vision for Climate Variability Research in the

... although the precise mechanisms at play remain uncertain. Furthermore, there is inconsistency in model estimates of the magnitude of this anthropogenic heat uptake. Recent progress has been made in formulating eddy parameterizations more appropriately in coarse resolution models, so that to first or ...
Sea Surface Currents Sea Surface Currents
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... affected by the The average currents along BC’s continental slope strength and can flow either north or south depending on the The Subarctic Current (also called West Wind Drift or North Pacific Current) is a large, slow (~5 to 10 wind patterns and the forcing of cross-shelf sea direction of cm/s), tr ...
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... Sediments of the continental rise can exhibit characteristics similar to those formed by rivers on land ...
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Twentieth Century Marine Climatic Change in the Northwest Atlantic

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Australasian Regional IODP Workshop in 2017 for building new
Australasian Regional IODP Workshop in 2017 for building new

... platforms. The proposed workshop will identify the leading scientific ideas, hypotheses and questions for this region that are pressing and require ocean drilling. The region's extensive plateaus and basins can provide crucial sedimentary records to help understand the developing interactions betwe ...
Conditions differ away from shore.
Conditions differ away from shore.

... colonies of ant-sized organisms called corals. Corals produce a hard limestone covering that remains after the corals die. New generations of corals grow on top of older limestone coverings. Although individual corals are small, coral reefs can be huge. Australia’s Great Barrier Reef is about 2000 k ...
Mesozooplankton in the Arctic Ocean in summer
Mesozooplankton in the Arctic Ocean in summer

NOAA explanations of abbreviations etc
NOAA explanations of abbreviations etc

... El Niño - El Niño, a phase of ENSO, is a periodic warming of surface ocean waters in the eastern tropical Pacific along with a shift in convection in the western Pacific further east than the climatological average. These conditions affect weather patterns around the world. El Niño episodes occur ro ...
Boundaries are an increasingly prominent feature of ocean policy
Boundaries are an increasingly prominent feature of ocean policy

Quaternary paleo-oceanography from the geochemistry of sediment
Quaternary paleo-oceanography from the geochemistry of sediment

... circulation of the oceans as it interfaces with a major confluence of ocean currents. The warm, Agulhas Current flows along the eastern continental margin leaking flow (“rings”) into the South Atlantic as it retroflects back into the southern Indian Ocean. The cold, Benguela Current flows along the ...
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Arctic Ocean



The Arctic Ocean (also known as the Northern Ocean), located in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Arctic north polar region, is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five major oceanic divisions. The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) recognizes it as an ocean, although some oceanographers call it the Arctic Mediterranean Sea or simply the Arctic Sea, classifying it a mediterranean sea or an estuary of the Atlantic Ocean. Alternatively, the Arctic Ocean can be seen as the northernmost part of the all-encompassing World Ocean.Almost completely surrounded by Eurasia and North America, the Arctic Ocean is partly covered by sea ice throughout the year (and almost completely in winter). The Arctic Ocean's surface temperature and salinity vary seasonally as the ice cover melts and freezes; its salinity is the lowest on average of the five major oceans, due to low evaporation, heavy fresh water inflow from rivers and streams, and limited connection and outflow to surrounding oceanic waters with higher salinities. The summer shrinking of the ice has been quoted at 50%. The US National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) uses satellite data to provide a daily record of Arctic sea ice cover and the rate of melting compared to an average period and specific past years.
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