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Brochure
Brochure

... which the voltage stability of the system is to be evaluated. This is achieved by scaling up all the loads in user-defined steps for a given network, base case and all defined contingencies, either by bus, areas, zones or globally. The steady-state P-V approach dictates that for each load increase, ...
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10-Output Power Panel for Serena® and Sivoia® QS Triathlon
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Improving the Power Factor of Isolated Flyback Converters for
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... The fixed feedback level represents the maximum current in the power switch corresponding to the peak of the input voltage wave shape. The peak level is established at the point where the proper average energy is transferred to the LED over a complete cycle of line input. Achieving this fixed feedba ...
Name: ___________________________________ Date: _________________________  Define the following terms:
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“Fuzzy Logic Speed Controllers Using FPGA Technique For Three
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Power factor



In electrical engineering, the power factor of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the real power flowing to the load to the apparent power in the circuit, and is a dimensionless number in the closed interval of -1 to 1. A power factor of less than one means that the voltage and current waveforms are not in phase, reducing the instantaneous product of the two waveforms (V x I). Real power is the capacity of the circuit for performing work in a particular time. Apparent power is the product of the current and voltage of the circuit. Due to energy stored in the load and returned to the source, or due to a non-linear load that distorts the wave shape of the current drawn from the source, the apparent power will be greater than the real power. A negative power factor occurs when the device (which is normally the load) generates power, which then flows back towards the source, which is normally considered the generator.In an electric power system, a load with a low power factor draws more current than a load with a high power factor for the same amount of useful power transferred. The higher currents increase the energy lost in the distribution system, and require larger wires and other equipment. Because of the costs of larger equipment and wasted energy, electrical utilities will usually charge a higher cost to industrial or commercial customers where there is a low power factor.Linear loads with low power factor (such as induction motors) can be corrected with a passive network of capacitors or inductors. Non-linear loads, such as rectifiers, distort the current drawn from the system. In such cases, active or passive power factor correction may be used to counteract the distortion and raise the power factor. The devices for correction of the power factor may be at a central substation, spread out over a distribution system, or built into power-consuming equipment.
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