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memory - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident
memory - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident

... punishment; it is trial-and-error learning - behaviors that are rewarded will increase, and behaviors that are punished will decrease. conditioned avoidance reflexes - permit animal to avoid unpleasant event (e.g. animal is taught that by pressing bar it can prevent electric shock to feet – it is ca ...
Memory
Memory

... • It is believed we can recall 7 digits, 6 letters, or 5 words • Working memory capacity varies, depending on age and other factors • Young adults have more working memory capacity than older adults or children • their ability to multitask is relatively greater because they can use their mental work ...
(2008). Invisible Assumptions and the Unintentional Use of
(2008). Invisible Assumptions and the Unintentional Use of

... discussed. Experimental research on these two qualitatively different processes is described, and it will be shown how these two cognitive functions can produce cognitive illusions, and how people involuntarily use prior knowledge and experiences when they have creative ideas. II. CREATIVITY ...
Age Regression - Motivation Hypnosis
Age Regression - Motivation Hypnosis

... events” on behavior was of great interest to many doctors, writers, and philosophers which included Sigmund Freud. In his efforts to decipher the meanings of hysterical symptoms and other neglected mental phenomena that seemed beyond conscious control (such as dreams and slips of the tongue), Freud ...
Short-Term Memory
Short-Term Memory

Handout 2 - California Association of School Psychologists
Handout 2 - California Association of School Psychologists

... factors. Learning refers to the acquisition of new information that is encoded into memory. Encoding is the process of getting information into long-term memory stores. Encoding is facilitated by efficient organization as well as by associations made with existing knowledge. After encoding, memory t ...
Everyday Memory and Memory Errors
Everyday Memory and Memory Errors

... Caption: Design and results of Bransford and Johnson’s (1973) experiment that tested people’s memory for the wording of action statements. More errors were made by participants in the experimental group because they identified more sentences as being originally presented, even though they were not. ...
Unit 7A PPT - Solon City Schools
Unit 7A PPT - Solon City Schools

A Study on the Perception of Brain Games and their Effect
A Study on the Perception of Brain Games and their Effect

... The current generation has been raised using computers and cellular phones. This has raised the question of whether the current dependence on technology is beneficial for our overall brain health and stimulation. Research in the field of brain health has suggested vital evidence pointing towards th ...
Memory - Wiley
Memory - Wiley

The Dopamine Transporter and Risk-Taking Behavior
The Dopamine Transporter and Risk-Taking Behavior

Document
Document

... • The brain operates motor control, reflexively, through spinal nerves of the spinal cord and cranial nerves of the brainstem and as movement patterns that are programmed in basal ganglia. The MIND's major role is to make conscious decisions for initiating behavior, speechcontent and specific moveme ...
MEMORY PSL 132
MEMORY PSL 132

Cognition with neurons: A large-scale, biologically realistic model of
Cognition with neurons: A large-scale, biologically realistic model of

Cognition with Neurons: A Large-Scale, Biologically Realistic Model of the... Task
Cognition with Neurons: A Large-Scale, Biologically Realistic Model of the... Task

amory Practice Test
amory Practice Test

... 17. Which of the following statements regarding short-term memOlY(STM) isnot accurate? a. The capacity of STM is limited to about 30 items of information. b. STM can maintain unrehearsed information for about 20 seconds. c. STM is the second component of the memory system. d. Through rehearsal, info ...
The assessment and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder
The assessment and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder

... Successful emotional processing requires repeated SAM activation, which may occur automatically, or as part of exposure therapy. As SAM system is activated, information only coded within the SAMs may also become represented within the VAMs. Eventually, detailed memories in SAMs that signal danger ar ...
Schema / Script Memory
Schema / Script Memory

... New information that falls within an individual's schema is easily remembered and incorporated into their worldview. However, when new information is perceived that does not fit a schema, many things can happen. The most common reaction is to simply ignore or quickly forget the new information.[16] ...
The Mystery of Memory - Austin Peay State University
The Mystery of Memory - Austin Peay State University

Stephen van Vlack Sookmyung Women`s University
Stephen van Vlack Sookmyung Women`s University

... students any piece of language these serial position effects apply. They will be able to focus their attention and, therefore, better encode information about the initial and final elements in an utterance or string of utterances. Within the context of language we can then see how extremely importan ...
Memory - North Penn School District
Memory - North Penn School District

Schema Theory
Schema Theory

... 1. There is lots of research to support the idea that schemas affect cognitive processes such as memory. The theory seems quite useful for understanding how people categorize information, interpret stories and make inferences. 2. Schema theory has also contributed to our understanding how cognition ...
Document
Document

... • Hyperlink Slides - This presentation contain two types of hyperlinks. Hyperlinks can be identified by the text being underlined and a different color (usually purple). – Unit subsections hyperlinks: Immediately after the unit title and module title slide, a page can be found listing all of the uni ...
UNIT 7: MEMORY
UNIT 7: MEMORY

... a bucket, but more like a fishing net hung out over a bridge on a river. Miles of river water have passed through that net, but very little was retained: some debris and hopefully some fish. The reason for this limited retention of human memory is that, in order to be retained, something must be pro ...
Memory - North Penn School District
Memory - North Penn School District

... I have walked out in rain -- and back in rain. I have outwalked the furthest city light. I have looked down the saddest city lane. I have passed by the watchman on his beat And dropped my eyes, unwilling to explain. I have stood still and stopped the sound of feet ...
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Mind-wandering

Mind-wandering (sometimes referred to as task-unrelated thought) is the experience of thoughts not remaining on a single topic for a long period of time, particularly when people are not engaged in an attention-demanding task.Mind-wandering tends to occur during driving, reading and other activities where vigilance may be low. In these situations, people do not remember what happened in the surrounding environment because they are pre-occupied with their thoughts. This is known as the decoupling hypothesis. Studies using event-related potentials (ERPs) have quantified the extent that mind-wandering reduces the cortical processing of the external environment. When thoughts are unrelated to the task at hand, the brain processes both task relevant and unrelated sensory information in a less detailed manner.Mind-wandering appears to be a stable trait of people and a transient state. Studies have linked performance problems in the laboratory and in daily life. Mind-wandering has been associated with possible car accidents. Mind-wandering is also intimately linked to states of affect. Studies indicate that task-unrelated thoughts are common in people with low or depressed mood. Mind-wandering also occurs when a person is intoxicated via the consumption of alcohol.It is common during mind-wandering to engage in mental time travel or the consideration of personally relevant events from the past and the anticipation of events in the future. Poet Joseph Brodsky described it as a “psychological Sahara,” a cognitive desert “that starts right in your bedroom and spurns the horizon.” The hands of the clock seem to stop; the stream of consciousness slows to a drip. We want to be anywhere but here.Studies have demonstrated a prospective bias to spontaneous thought because individuals tend to engage in more future than past related thoughts during mind-wandering.
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