layer
... To minimize the number of interconnecting links Removing the direct links means that a mechanism must move data packets from their source, through other intermediate nodes and on to the final destination. This function is performed by a Router ...
... To minimize the number of interconnecting links Removing the direct links means that a mechanism must move data packets from their source, through other intermediate nodes and on to the final destination. This function is performed by a Router ...
Network Layer and Path Determination
... • Concerned with data transport issues between hosts • Data transport reliability • Establishes, maintains, and terminates virtual circuits • Fault detection and recovery • Information flow control ...
... • Concerned with data transport issues between hosts • Data transport reliability • Establishes, maintains, and terminates virtual circuits • Fault detection and recovery • Information flow control ...
pdf
... w No need to burden the internals of the network with properties that can, and must, be implemented at the periphery ...
... w No need to burden the internals of the network with properties that can, and must, be implemented at the periphery ...
Chapter 18 - William Stallings, Data and Computer
... - video stream to selected users ‘Routing is different from uni-cast routing’ ...
... - video stream to selected users ‘Routing is different from uni-cast routing’ ...
Introduction to the World Wide Web
... Files to be transmitted are divided into packets Labelled with to, from, and # of # Sent across the network…may take different routes Put together at the destination Missing packets are re-sent ...
... Files to be transmitted are divided into packets Labelled with to, from, and # of # Sent across the network…may take different routes Put together at the destination Missing packets are re-sent ...
ECE537-Class 1_2009 - Worcester Polytechnic Institute
... • many link types – different characteristics – uniform service difficult ECE506/4 #24 ...
... • many link types – different characteristics – uniform service difficult ECE506/4 #24 ...
Powerpoint Slides
... - at the application layer (e.g. monitoring physical movement of depression patients) - at the network layer (e.g. neighbour discovery, route maintenance) - at the MAC layer (e.g. MMAC: mobility adaptive MAC [IEEE IPCCC 2005]) ● Protocols at different layers: - could gather, store and manage mobilit ...
... - at the application layer (e.g. monitoring physical movement of depression patients) - at the network layer (e.g. neighbour discovery, route maintenance) - at the MAC layer (e.g. MMAC: mobility adaptive MAC [IEEE IPCCC 2005]) ● Protocols at different layers: - could gather, store and manage mobilit ...
Chapter 5: The Data Link Layer - Southern Adventist University
... • framing, link access: – encapsulate datagram into frame, adding header, trailer – channel access if shared medium – “MAC” addresses used in frame headers to identify source, dest ...
... • framing, link access: – encapsulate datagram into frame, adding header, trailer – channel access if shared medium – “MAC” addresses used in frame headers to identify source, dest ...
Ch. 9 - Ethernet - Information Systems Technology
... Describe the physical and data link features of Ethernet. Describe the function and characteristics of the media access control method used by Ethernet protocol. Explain the importance of Layer 2 addressing used for data transmission and determine how the different types of addressing impacts networ ...
... Describe the physical and data link features of Ethernet. Describe the function and characteristics of the media access control method used by Ethernet protocol. Explain the importance of Layer 2 addressing used for data transmission and determine how the different types of addressing impacts networ ...
A6_Oct_07_08 - Raadio- ja sidetehnika instituut
... Internet protocol • Provides best effort, connectionless packet delivery – motivated by need to keep routers simple and by adaptibility to failure of network elements – packets may be lost, out of order, or even duplicated – higher layer protocols must deal with these, if necessary ...
... Internet protocol • Provides best effort, connectionless packet delivery – motivated by need to keep routers simple and by adaptibility to failure of network elements – packets may be lost, out of order, or even duplicated – higher layer protocols must deal with these, if necessary ...
The Open System Interconnection (OSI)
... theoretical framework for understanding and explaining networking protocols Originally an effort by the ISO (International Standards Organization) to standardize network protocols TCP/IP became the dominant set of standards but the OSI model is widely used to help understand protocols The OSI model ...
... theoretical framework for understanding and explaining networking protocols Originally an effort by the ISO (International Standards Organization) to standardize network protocols TCP/IP became the dominant set of standards but the OSI model is widely used to help understand protocols The OSI model ...
SIS Deep Space Protocols - inc AMS
... mechanisms are left to CFDP, above bundling.) – Indications analogous to EOF, Finished, Prompt, etc. are combinations of bit flags in the standard header. – The last segment of a block carries an “end of block” flag. There’s no separate “EOF” segment, so a small block may be entirely contained in a ...
... mechanisms are left to CFDP, above bundling.) – Indications analogous to EOF, Finished, Prompt, etc. are combinations of bit flags in the standard header. – The last segment of a block carries an “end of block” flag. There’s no separate “EOF” segment, so a small block may be entirely contained in a ...
Data Link Layer
... • Local area networks (LANs) typically connect computers within a building or a campus • Almost all LANs are broadcast networks • Typical topologies of LANs are bus or ring or star • We will work with Ethernet LANs. Ethernet has a bus or star (Wifi) topology. ...
... • Local area networks (LANs) typically connect computers within a building or a campus • Almost all LANs are broadcast networks • Typical topologies of LANs are bus or ring or star • We will work with Ethernet LANs. Ethernet has a bus or star (Wifi) topology. ...
lect2_3
... 2. What is meant by network core? 3. What constitutes network edge? 4. How does client-server model fit the Internet applications such as the web? 5. What is the difference between connectionless and connection-oriented service? 6. Which one is connectionless TCP or UDP? 1: Introduction ...
... 2. What is meant by network core? 3. What constitutes network edge? 4. How does client-server model fit the Internet applications such as the web? 5. What is the difference between connectionless and connection-oriented service? 6. Which one is connectionless TCP or UDP? 1: Introduction ...
Security Problems in the TCP/IP Protocol Suite
... If local host is denied permission to talk to remote host, appropriate diagnostic code is returned Special Emergency Mode when link to KDS or ACC is not working Permission checking can protect against DNS attacks Totally unauthorized host does not receive ...
... If local host is denied permission to talk to remote host, appropriate diagnostic code is returned Special Emergency Mode when link to KDS or ACC is not working Permission checking can protect against DNS attacks Totally unauthorized host does not receive ...
Module 2
... The network ID of the destination used to check whether the destination is in the same network with the computer or not Yes, use the ARP to determine the MAC address and forward the frame to it No, send it to the router (using the ip of the router) and the router looks into the Routing table for ...
... The network ID of the destination used to check whether the destination is in the same network with the computer or not Yes, use the ARP to determine the MAC address and forward the frame to it No, send it to the router (using the ip of the router) and the router looks into the Routing table for ...
ppt - Network and Systems Laboratory
... • What do I mean by analyzing the Internet – determine how much buffer for certain queues – determine what form of flow control is more appropriate – where to place web caches ...
... • What do I mean by analyzing the Internet – determine how much buffer for certain queues – determine what form of flow control is more appropriate – where to place web caches ...
Lecture4_Networking_..
... To optimize packet lengths for various communication links, IP offers network elements (routers and firewalls) the ability to slice up packets into smaller pieces, a process called fragmentation. The end system’s IP layer is responsible for reassembling all fragments Hackers use packet fragmentation ...
... To optimize packet lengths for various communication links, IP offers network elements (routers and firewalls) the ability to slice up packets into smaller pieces, a process called fragmentation. The end system’s IP layer is responsible for reassembling all fragments Hackers use packet fragmentation ...
IP address
... Routing Implied by Transport Layer • Connection Oriented (provided by TCP) – Setting up a virtual circuit (a TCP connection) • TCP asks IP to route all packets in a message by using the same path (from source to destination) • Packet deliveries are acknowledged • Used by HTTP, SMTP, FTP ...
... Routing Implied by Transport Layer • Connection Oriented (provided by TCP) – Setting up a virtual circuit (a TCP connection) • TCP asks IP to route all packets in a message by using the same path (from source to destination) • Packet deliveries are acknowledged • Used by HTTP, SMTP, FTP ...
Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification
... • Portions of TCP moving closer to OSI model – Physical layer: TCP supports coaxial, twisted-pair, fiber-optic, wireless communication – Data Link layer: TCP compatible with IEEE 802.2 LLC and MAC addressing – Network layer: TCP/IP equivalent is IP – Transport layer: both TCP and UDP operate here – ...
... • Portions of TCP moving closer to OSI model – Physical layer: TCP supports coaxial, twisted-pair, fiber-optic, wireless communication – Data Link layer: TCP compatible with IEEE 802.2 LLC and MAC addressing – Network layer: TCP/IP equivalent is IP – Transport layer: both TCP and UDP operate here – ...
Internet protocol suite
The Internet protocol suite is the computer networking model and set of communications protocols used on the Internet and similar computer networks. It is commonly known as TCP/IP, because among many protocols, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP) is the accepted and most widely used protocol in Internet. Often also called the Internet model, it was originally also known as the DoD model, because the development of the networking model was funded by DARPA, an agency of the United States Department of Defense.TCP/IP provides end-to-end connectivity specifying how data should be packetized, addressed, transmitted, routed and received at the destination. This functionality is organized into four abstraction layers which are used to sort all related protocols according to the scope of networking involved. From lowest to highest, the layers are the link layer, containing communication technologies for a single network segment (link); the internet layer, connecting hosts across independent networks, thus establishing internetworking; the transport layer handling host-to-host communication; and the application layer, which provides process-to-process application data exchange.The TCP/IP model and related protocol models are maintained by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).