Services from the deep Steps towards valuation of deep sea goods
... distinguish between ‘intermediate’ and ‘final’ services (Balmford et al., 2008; Haines-Young et al., 2009a). Another common distinction is between natural functions or ecosystem processes, that exist independently of humans (for example nutrient cycling), and ‘services’ that only exist with reference ...
... distinguish between ‘intermediate’ and ‘final’ services (Balmford et al., 2008; Haines-Young et al., 2009a). Another common distinction is between natural functions or ecosystem processes, that exist independently of humans (for example nutrient cycling), and ‘services’ that only exist with reference ...
Cape Peninsula Marine Park
... at the junction of two major oceanic systems and supports a highly diverse fauna and flora comprising numerous endemic species. Ever increasing pressure is being placed on these resources by commercial, recreational and industrial activities and they are being heavily impacted in the process. The Ca ...
... at the junction of two major oceanic systems and supports a highly diverse fauna and flora comprising numerous endemic species. Ever increasing pressure is being placed on these resources by commercial, recreational and industrial activities and they are being heavily impacted in the process. The Ca ...
Can Flood Geology Explain Thick Chalk Layers.indd
... 100 m (305 feet) thickness of coccoliths as calcareous ooze on the ocean floor in less than 200 years. Again, other factors could be brought into the calculations to either lengthen or shorten the time, including dissolving of the carbonate, light reduction due to the heavy concentration of these mic ...
... 100 m (305 feet) thickness of coccoliths as calcareous ooze on the ocean floor in less than 200 years. Again, other factors could be brought into the calculations to either lengthen or shorten the time, including dissolving of the carbonate, light reduction due to the heavy concentration of these mic ...
Changes in Marine Prokaryote Composition with Season and Depth
... faster. It is likely that the Arctic biome will experience considerable shifts in ice melt season length, leading to changes in photoirradiance and in the freshwater inputs to the marine environment. The exchange of nutrients between Arctic surface and deep waters and their cycling throughout the wa ...
... faster. It is likely that the Arctic biome will experience considerable shifts in ice melt season length, leading to changes in photoirradiance and in the freshwater inputs to the marine environment. The exchange of nutrients between Arctic surface and deep waters and their cycling throughout the wa ...
Newfoundland and Labrador Shelf
... high in 2006. Sea ice extent and duration has been below average since mid-1990, with 2006 experiencing the lowest sea ice extent since records began in 1963. The biological components of the NLSE have also changed dramatically over the past 40 to 50 years. Phytoplankton biomass has increased over t ...
... high in 2006. Sea ice extent and duration has been below average since mid-1990, with 2006 experiencing the lowest sea ice extent since records began in 1963. The biological components of the NLSE have also changed dramatically over the past 40 to 50 years. Phytoplankton biomass has increased over t ...
An Evaluation of the Modular Approach to the Assessment and
... The purpose of conducting a TDA is to assess and scale environmental disturbances and threats to LMEs, and their sources and causes, both immediate, intermediate, and root. It provides information relating to the changing state of LMEs and the causes of their degradation. The goal of a TDA is to pro ...
... The purpose of conducting a TDA is to assess and scale environmental disturbances and threats to LMEs, and their sources and causes, both immediate, intermediate, and root. It provides information relating to the changing state of LMEs and the causes of their degradation. The goal of a TDA is to pro ...
Sea Search Manual
... opportunities for social interaction, making friends with people that share similar interests, and providing valuable opportunities for spending quality time in the natural environment. ...
... opportunities for social interaction, making friends with people that share similar interests, and providing valuable opportunities for spending quality time in the natural environment. ...
Chapter 25 Marine Debris
... entanglement for pinnipeds (seals and related genera), cetaceans, turtles, sharks, sirenia (dugongs and related genera) and birds (WSPA, 2012). The effects range from immediate mortality through drowning to progressive debilitation over a period of months or years (Laist, 1997). Pinniped entangleme ...
... entanglement for pinnipeds (seals and related genera), cetaceans, turtles, sharks, sirenia (dugongs and related genera) and birds (WSPA, 2012). The effects range from immediate mortality through drowning to progressive debilitation over a period of months or years (Laist, 1997). Pinniped entangleme ...
The Effects of Plastic Pollution on Aquatic Wildlife
... Stephanis et al. 2013; Baulch and Perry 2014). However, these examples show that plastic marine debris can cause direct mortality of cetaceans or even create debilitating scenarios that make the mammals more prone to predation or disease. 2.2.3 Birds Small plastics such as bottle caps are often mist ...
... Stephanis et al. 2013; Baulch and Perry 2014). However, these examples show that plastic marine debris can cause direct mortality of cetaceans or even create debilitating scenarios that make the mammals more prone to predation or disease. 2.2.3 Birds Small plastics such as bottle caps are often mist ...
Name of the Region: Wider Caribbean - ICMyL
... Various institutions contribute to assessment work in the region including international organizations as well as governmental and academic institutions. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and The Expanded Program of Investigation in Fish of Tip, supported and coordinated by the Internation ...
... Various institutions contribute to assessment work in the region including international organizations as well as governmental and academic institutions. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and The Expanded Program of Investigation in Fish of Tip, supported and coordinated by the Internation ...
Durham Research Online
... (Hirnantian) mass extinction.', in Volcanism, impacts, and mass extinctions : causes and eects. Boulder, Colorado: The Geological Society of America, pp. 287-300. Special papers. (505). ...
... (Hirnantian) mass extinction.', in Volcanism, impacts, and mass extinctions : causes and eects. Boulder, Colorado: The Geological Society of America, pp. 287-300. Special papers. (505). ...
European Strategy on Marine Research Infrastructure
... the sustainable use of Europe’s marine resources for the betterment of society and the environment. Given the size and economic importance (€110-190 billion/annum, EuroGOOS 1996) of the European marine resource and the suite of global issues (e.g. climate change, safety of navigation, state of the e ...
... the sustainable use of Europe’s marine resources for the betterment of society and the environment. Given the size and economic importance (€110-190 billion/annum, EuroGOOS 1996) of the European marine resource and the suite of global issues (e.g. climate change, safety of navigation, state of the e ...
unep/cbd/sbstta/20/inf/25
... investigated further, to assess the potential for evolutionary adaptation. Multigenerational studies with calcifying and non-calcifying algal cultures show that adaptation to high CO2 is possible for some species. Such studies are more difficult to conduct for long-lived organisms or for organisms f ...
... investigated further, to assess the potential for evolutionary adaptation. Multigenerational studies with calcifying and non-calcifying algal cultures show that adaptation to high CO2 is possible for some species. Such studies are more difficult to conduct for long-lived organisms or for organisms f ...
Common signals between physical and atmospheric variables and
... climatic signal is possibly present in the oceanic biota. Finally, the 14-month periodicity observed is similar to that found in another oscillation, the Pole Tide, also known as Chandler wobble. Originally found in 1891, following analysis of astronomical data by Chandler, as an oscillation of the ...
... climatic signal is possibly present in the oceanic biota. Finally, the 14-month periodicity observed is similar to that found in another oscillation, the Pole Tide, also known as Chandler wobble. Originally found in 1891, following analysis of astronomical data by Chandler, as an oscillation of the ...
SECTION HEADING - School of Ocean and Earth Science and
... The deep-sea floor is vast, and contains a broad array of habitats: these include sedimentcovered slopes and plains, rocky mid-ocean ridges and seamounts, and island-like chemoautotrophic communities ranging from hydrothermal vents to whale falls. Communities in many of these habitats are likely to ...
... The deep-sea floor is vast, and contains a broad array of habitats: these include sedimentcovered slopes and plains, rocky mid-ocean ridges and seamounts, and island-like chemoautotrophic communities ranging from hydrothermal vents to whale falls. Communities in many of these habitats are likely to ...
Antarctic life: Highly diverse, unusually structured
... across most ecosystems, their often negative implications for the future of the planet, and our struggle to address the problem5. In tandem, biodiversity research has increased across the Antarctic and Southern Ocean. The growing interest has been driven in part by the realization that any fundament ...
... across most ecosystems, their often negative implications for the future of the planet, and our struggle to address the problem5. In tandem, biodiversity research has increased across the Antarctic and Southern Ocean. The growing interest has been driven in part by the realization that any fundament ...
introduced marine species in western australia
... plant communities. Numerous species of whales, dolphins and sea lions live on the south coast. Foremost among the habitats on the north coast is Ningaloo Reef, the largest fringing reef in the world. It stretches from the tip of North West Cape 300 km south to Red Bluff. In recent years, Ningaloo ha ...
... plant communities. Numerous species of whales, dolphins and sea lions live on the south coast. Foremost among the habitats on the north coast is Ningaloo Reef, the largest fringing reef in the world. It stretches from the tip of North West Cape 300 km south to Red Bluff. In recent years, Ningaloo ha ...
General Assembly - Piracy Legal Forum
... fulfil its role, including of making recommendations to coastal States, and that the summaries of recommendations are being made publicly available, 12 Noting also that many coastal States Parties have submitted preliminary information indicative of the outer limits of the continental shelf beyond 2 ...
... fulfil its role, including of making recommendations to coastal States, and that the summaries of recommendations are being made publicly available, 12 Noting also that many coastal States Parties have submitted preliminary information indicative of the outer limits of the continental shelf beyond 2 ...
Ecosystem Functioning and Biodiversity in the Deep Sea (EuroDEEP)
... environment composed of a wide variety of specific ecosystems, both pelagic and benthic, which sustain particular, and often unique, microbial and faunal communities with a vast yet largely unknown biodiversity. The deep sea is one of the least studied environments on the planet, where research is s ...
... environment composed of a wide variety of specific ecosystems, both pelagic and benthic, which sustain particular, and often unique, microbial and faunal communities with a vast yet largely unknown biodiversity. The deep sea is one of the least studied environments on the planet, where research is s ...
Sustainability of deep-sea fisheries
... global demand for fish, increasing scarcity of continental shelf and epipelagic oceanic fishes has driven industrial fishing farther from home ports and markets and to depths that were not even believed to host life until the 1800s. Global marine fisheries catches, as reported by fishing countries to the ...
... global demand for fish, increasing scarcity of continental shelf and epipelagic oceanic fishes has driven industrial fishing farther from home ports and markets and to depths that were not even believed to host life until the 1800s. Global marine fisheries catches, as reported by fishing countries to the ...
4.4. Phytoplankton and primary productivity off Northwest Africa The
... matches the rate of respiration, and beyond which no NPP can occur. Because of the dominance of light in phytoplankton growth in upwelling systems, this limit is generally close to the bottom of the euphotic zone. In the Canary region, light availability is high, especially in the central – cloud ...
... matches the rate of respiration, and beyond which no NPP can occur. Because of the dominance of light in phytoplankton growth in upwelling systems, this limit is generally close to the bottom of the euphotic zone. In the Canary region, light availability is high, especially in the central – cloud ...
sccwrp # 0898 - FTP Directory Listing
... harmless or beneficial to the functioning of marine and freshwater ecosystems, there is increasing awareness that blooms can also be indicative of eutrophication, ecosystem disruption, or altered environmental states.1e3 Some algal blooms can have negative impacts to the environment, human and aquati ...
... harmless or beneficial to the functioning of marine and freshwater ecosystems, there is increasing awareness that blooms can also be indicative of eutrophication, ecosystem disruption, or altered environmental states.1e3 Some algal blooms can have negative impacts to the environment, human and aquati ...
EP Summary (pdf 339 KB)
... nearby Challis Field (LDM, 2000) indicated the occurrence of a very sparse infauna composed mainly of polychaetes and molluscs. In shallower coastal waters of the continental shelf and on reefs & shoals in less than 50m water depth (where adequate light may penetrate), epibenthic fauna are abundant ...
... nearby Challis Field (LDM, 2000) indicated the occurrence of a very sparse infauna composed mainly of polychaetes and molluscs. In shallower coastal waters of the continental shelf and on reefs & shoals in less than 50m water depth (where adequate light may penetrate), epibenthic fauna are abundant ...
biogeographic atlas of the southern ocean
... Including undescribed species, approximately 12 species of ctenophores, 18 species of scyphomedusae, 30 species of siphonophores and 71 species of hydromedusae are known to inhabit the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic waters of the Southern Ocean. Their latitudinal ranges can be divided into several ca ...
... Including undescribed species, approximately 12 species of ctenophores, 18 species of scyphomedusae, 30 species of siphonophores and 71 species of hydromedusae are known to inhabit the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic waters of the Southern Ocean. Their latitudinal ranges can be divided into several ca ...