Program Updates
... But while we know that "Class B" sludges containing as much as or more than 2 million fecal coliform per gram are allowed to be spread on farmland in the USA and Canada, it may also be that the further treated sludges ..so called 'Class A'...that are supposed to have less than 1,000 fecal coliform p ...
... But while we know that "Class B" sludges containing as much as or more than 2 million fecal coliform per gram are allowed to be spread on farmland in the USA and Canada, it may also be that the further treated sludges ..so called 'Class A'...that are supposed to have less than 1,000 fecal coliform p ...
Cell wall deformation and Staphylococcus aureus surface sensing
... Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causative bacteria of implant associated infections. Biomaterial associated infections start with the reversible adhesion of bacteria to the implant surface, after which adhering bacteria embed themselves in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EP ...
... Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causative bacteria of implant associated infections. Biomaterial associated infections start with the reversible adhesion of bacteria to the implant surface, after which adhering bacteria embed themselves in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EP ...
The Human Microbiome and Infectious Disease Objectives The
... What sequencing can tell us • Qualitative versus quantitative changes • How many different things (taxa, lineages, OTUs within one sample) and which ones are shared between samples • How many of each per sample – Richness – number of observed OTU’s in a sample – Evenness – distribution of OTUs wit ...
... What sequencing can tell us • Qualitative versus quantitative changes • How many different things (taxa, lineages, OTUs within one sample) and which ones are shared between samples • How many of each per sample – Richness – number of observed OTU’s in a sample – Evenness – distribution of OTUs wit ...
File - LC Biology 2012-2013
... Name 3 types of bacterial cell Explain reproduction of bacteria Explain nutrition of bacteria State the factors affecting growth of micro-organisms Define the term pathogenic Define the term antibiotics State the role of antibiotics Outline the potential abuse of antibiotics Name 2 Beneficial & 2 Ha ...
... Name 3 types of bacterial cell Explain reproduction of bacteria Explain nutrition of bacteria State the factors affecting growth of micro-organisms Define the term pathogenic Define the term antibiotics State the role of antibiotics Outline the potential abuse of antibiotics Name 2 Beneficial & 2 Ha ...
Citrate Synthase Gene Comparison, a New Tool for Phylogenetic
... been sequenced in rickettsial genomes. We chose glvl as a possible tool for assessing more precise phylogenetic relationships among the rickettsiae. Citrate synthase is a component of nearly all living cells and is an enzyme of a central metabolic pathway, the citric acid cycle, which plays a key ro ...
... been sequenced in rickettsial genomes. We chose glvl as a possible tool for assessing more precise phylogenetic relationships among the rickettsiae. Citrate synthase is a component of nearly all living cells and is an enzyme of a central metabolic pathway, the citric acid cycle, which plays a key ro ...
Synthetic biology platform technologies for antimicrobial applications
... clearing out of microbial niches leads to iatrogenic infections such as Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) and contributes to the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant microbes [30,31]. Synthetic biology approaches have demonstrated potential in the development of targeted therapies that imp ...
... clearing out of microbial niches leads to iatrogenic infections such as Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) and contributes to the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant microbes [30,31]. Synthetic biology approaches have demonstrated potential in the development of targeted therapies that imp ...
The Development and Optimization of a Sensitive and Specific
... In order to study the flagellin gene sequences of various Borrelia species, Fukunaga, Okada, Nakao, Konishi, & Sato (1996) performed phylogenetic analyses to map out the Borrelia taxonomy and to distinguish the Lyme disease agents from related species througuh PCRRestriction Fragment Length Polymorp ...
... In order to study the flagellin gene sequences of various Borrelia species, Fukunaga, Okada, Nakao, Konishi, & Sato (1996) performed phylogenetic analyses to map out the Borrelia taxonomy and to distinguish the Lyme disease agents from related species througuh PCRRestriction Fragment Length Polymorp ...
The Development and Optimization of a Sensitive and Specific
... Borrelia lonestari is a spiral-shaped bacterium recently discovered in the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum, located throughout the southeastern United States. This spirochete is suspected of inducing signs and symptoms in humans commonly associated with Lyme disease such as rash, fever, and fat ...
... Borrelia lonestari is a spiral-shaped bacterium recently discovered in the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum, located throughout the southeastern United States. This spirochete is suspected of inducing signs and symptoms in humans commonly associated with Lyme disease such as rash, fever, and fat ...
1010ExamII
... All in the same kingdom of life, the Prokaryotes, sometimes called the Monera All basically the same with little variety of metabolism or lifestyle Not a phylogenetically cohesive group Multicellular organisms with nuclei None of the above are correct ...
... All in the same kingdom of life, the Prokaryotes, sometimes called the Monera All basically the same with little variety of metabolism or lifestyle Not a phylogenetically cohesive group Multicellular organisms with nuclei None of the above are correct ...
Chapter Two Line Title Here and Chapter Title
... ii. increasing the likelihood that some members of the population will survive changes in the environment. 2. The genome of a prokaryote typically a. has about one-thousandth as much DNA as a eukaryotic genome and b. is one long, circular chromosome packed into a distinct region of the cell. 3. Many ...
... ii. increasing the likelihood that some members of the population will survive changes in the environment. 2. The genome of a prokaryote typically a. has about one-thousandth as much DNA as a eukaryotic genome and b. is one long, circular chromosome packed into a distinct region of the cell. 3. Many ...
In silico identification of novel candidate drug targets in
... isogenic mutants [6]. IgA protease: The IgA1 protease of H. influenzae is encoded by two genes, the iga, present in most H. influenzae strains, and the igaB gene, that is present in onethird of H. influenzae strains. Strains containing both genes have been correlated with significantly higher levels ...
... isogenic mutants [6]. IgA protease: The IgA1 protease of H. influenzae is encoded by two genes, the iga, present in most H. influenzae strains, and the igaB gene, that is present in onethird of H. influenzae strains. Strains containing both genes have been correlated with significantly higher levels ...
THE ROLE OF HORIZONTAL GENE TRANSFER IN BACTERIAL
... general, less frequent than the genus level, but a case was identified where direct interphylum genetic exchange has affected more than half of the genome, resulting in chimeric phyla. Subsequently, a novel bioinformatics pipeline was developed to systematically detect and quantify inter-phylum HGT, ...
... general, less frequent than the genus level, but a case was identified where direct interphylum genetic exchange has affected more than half of the genome, resulting in chimeric phyla. Subsequently, a novel bioinformatics pipeline was developed to systematically detect and quantify inter-phylum HGT, ...
Gut bacterial community structure of two Australian tropical fruit fly
... Molecular techniques have been used to study gut bacteria in insects and have revealed more taxa and larger microbe community structures, including both rare species and unculturable microorganisms (Haynes et al., 2003; Egert et al., 2005; Schmitt-Wagner et al., 2003; Broderick et al., 2004; Nakajim ...
... Molecular techniques have been used to study gut bacteria in insects and have revealed more taxa and larger microbe community structures, including both rare species and unculturable microorganisms (Haynes et al., 2003; Egert et al., 2005; Schmitt-Wagner et al., 2003; Broderick et al., 2004; Nakajim ...
Mechanisms of drug resistance
... • It seems that some resistance was already naturally present in bacterial populations • The presence of antibiotics in their environment in higher concentrations increased the pressure by natural selection • Resistant bacteria that survived, rapidly multiplied • They passed their resistant genes on ...
... • It seems that some resistance was already naturally present in bacterial populations • The presence of antibiotics in their environment in higher concentrations increased the pressure by natural selection • Resistant bacteria that survived, rapidly multiplied • They passed their resistant genes on ...
Genome-sequence analysis of Acinetobacter johnsonii MB44
... Acinetobacter johnsonii is generally recognized as a nonpathogenic bacterium although it is often found in hospital environments. However, a newly identified isolate of this species from a frost-plant-tissue sample, namely, A. johnsonii MB44, showed significant nematicidal activity against the model ...
... Acinetobacter johnsonii is generally recognized as a nonpathogenic bacterium although it is often found in hospital environments. However, a newly identified isolate of this species from a frost-plant-tissue sample, namely, A. johnsonii MB44, showed significant nematicidal activity against the model ...
Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in the Microbial
... Another form of phenotypic drug resistance is mediated by salicylic acid, which is the active component in aspirin. Different organisms have been found to have Salicylate-mediated drug resistance. E. coli is the best example, and additional ones include Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and als ...
... Another form of phenotypic drug resistance is mediated by salicylic acid, which is the active component in aspirin. Different organisms have been found to have Salicylate-mediated drug resistance. E. coli is the best example, and additional ones include Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and als ...
Host Cell Contact-Induced Transcription of the Type IV Fimbria Gene
... Preparation of inocula. For preparation of inocula, A. pleuropneumoniae strains were grown in 5 ml of BHI–0.008% NAD–AMP for 16 h. Bacteria were washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 8.1 mM Na2HPO4, 2.8 mM K2HPO4, pH 7.2) and diluted to approximately 2 ⫻ 106 CFU/ml in ...
... Preparation of inocula. For preparation of inocula, A. pleuropneumoniae strains were grown in 5 ml of BHI–0.008% NAD–AMP for 16 h. Bacteria were washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 8.1 mM Na2HPO4, 2.8 mM K2HPO4, pH 7.2) and diluted to approximately 2 ⫻ 106 CFU/ml in ...
Oct. 28 Lecture 17 - University of Arizona | Ecology and
... physiologically possible (group A streptococci have not evolved resistance to penicillin in >50 years) ...
... physiologically possible (group A streptococci have not evolved resistance to penicillin in >50 years) ...
Disease
... the disease known in the middle ages as the black death. This is because it frequently leads to gangrene and blackening of various parts of the body. Capillary fragility results in hemorrhages in the skin which also result in ...
... the disease known in the middle ages as the black death. This is because it frequently leads to gangrene and blackening of various parts of the body. Capillary fragility results in hemorrhages in the skin which also result in ...
Research Article Reservoir of Bacterial Exotoxin Genes in the
... air isolate with Pseudomonas spp., not with S. aureus. The ML, MP, and NJ bootsrap values for the main branches of the consensus tree separating the ambient air isolate from S. aureus and grouping it with Pseudomonas spp. were ≥94. The GenBank Accession number of environmental isolate “SEAB3C070426” ...
... air isolate with Pseudomonas spp., not with S. aureus. The ML, MP, and NJ bootsrap values for the main branches of the consensus tree separating the ambient air isolate from S. aureus and grouping it with Pseudomonas spp. were ≥94. The GenBank Accession number of environmental isolate “SEAB3C070426” ...
Cloning and Expression of a bacteriophage DNA ligase
... enhancing the level of expression, and inserting specific modifications to amino acid sequence of a targeted protein. The expression of recombinant proteins can be classified either as homologous if the protein is expressed in the same cell that is naturally occurring in or heterologous protein prod ...
... enhancing the level of expression, and inserting specific modifications to amino acid sequence of a targeted protein. The expression of recombinant proteins can be classified either as homologous if the protein is expressed in the same cell that is naturally occurring in or heterologous protein prod ...
Bacteria
... 8(C) Compare characteristics of taxonomic groups, including archaea, bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, and animals. 11(C) Summarize the role of microorganisms in both maintaining and disrupting the health of both organisms and ecosystems. ...
... 8(C) Compare characteristics of taxonomic groups, including archaea, bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, and animals. 11(C) Summarize the role of microorganisms in both maintaining and disrupting the health of both organisms and ecosystems. ...
chapter 27
... Eukaryotes are limited in the forms of nitrogen they can use. In contrast, diverse prokaryotes can metabolize a wide variety of nitrogenous compounds. Nitrogen-fixing prokaryotes convert N2 to NH3, making atmospheric nitrogen available to themselves (and eventually to other organisms) for incorp ...
... Eukaryotes are limited in the forms of nitrogen they can use. In contrast, diverse prokaryotes can metabolize a wide variety of nitrogenous compounds. Nitrogen-fixing prokaryotes convert N2 to NH3, making atmospheric nitrogen available to themselves (and eventually to other organisms) for incorp ...
27_DetailLectOutjk_AR
... Although the general processes for DNA replication and translation of mRNA into proteins are fundamentally alike in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, some of the details differ. For example, prokaryotic ribosomes are slightly smaller than the eukaryotic version and differ in protein and RNA content. T ...
... Although the general processes for DNA replication and translation of mRNA into proteins are fundamentally alike in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, some of the details differ. For example, prokaryotic ribosomes are slightly smaller than the eukaryotic version and differ in protein and RNA content. T ...
Horizontal gene transfer
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) refers to the transfer of genes between organisms in a manner other than traditional reproduction. Also termed lateral gene transfer (LGT), it contrasts with vertical transfer, the transmission of genes from the parental generation to offspring via sexual or asexual reproduction. HGT has been shown to be an important factor in the evolution of many organisms.Horizontal gene transfer is the primary reason for bacterial antibiotic resistance, and plays an important role in the evolution of bacteria that can degrade novel compounds such as human-created pesticides and in the evolution, maintenance, and transmission of virulence. This horizontal gene transfer often involves temperate bacteriophages and plasmids. Genes that are responsible for antibiotic resistance in one species of bacteria can be transferred to another species of bacteria through various mechanisms (e.g., via F-pilus), subsequently arming the antibiotic resistant genes' recipient against antibiotics, which is becoming a medical challenge to deal with.Most thinking in genetics has focused upon vertical transfer, but there is a growing awareness that horizontal gene transfer is a highly significant phenomenon and among single-celled organisms perhaps the dominant form of genetic transfer.Artificial horizontal gene transfer is a form of genetic engineering.