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Going Against the Grain: A Historical and - ORCA
Going Against the Grain: A Historical and - ORCA

... The new concept of askēsis, involving training the will against a life of sensual pleasure, was exemplified by the Stoics who advocated the idea of bringing the passion of the body under the kingly command of reason to achieve apatheia––a state of mind where one is not disturbed by the passions.4 Ro ...
The Noble Eightfold Path
The Noble Eightfold Path

Meaning of Conversion
Meaning of Conversion

... is Going for Refuge? Although the term is so widely used in Buddhism, it can be rather mystifying when you first come across it. What does one mean by ‘Refuge’? And who or what does one ‘go for Refuge’ to? The short answer is that as a practising Buddhist one goes for Refuge to the Buddha, the Enlig ...
Reincarnation in the East Chandler Barber Oriental/Eastern
Reincarnation in the East Chandler Barber Oriental/Eastern

... belief that people are born again with a different body after death, or someone who has been born again with a different body after death according to MerrianWebster Dictionary( reincarnation). It is most commonly brought up in the spiritual nature, but not all people can agree on what its true mean ...
Exploring Mongol -Tibetan Relations: The Contribution
Exploring Mongol -Tibetan Relations: The Contribution

... Mongolian nomadic identity and also Buddhist monasteries turned into the unique cultural centres of the society. In both the Mongol and Tibetan societies, the monastery was the heart of ancient educational institutions. The monasticism was encouraged on large scale among both the Tibetans and Mongol ...
Fathering Your Father: The Zen of Fabrication in Tang Buddhism
Fathering Your Father: The Zen of Fabrication in Tang Buddhism

... Cole lays the foundation for his argument by examining pre-Chan lineage construction in the biographies of Zhiyi (538–597) and Xinxing (540–594). First, the various, contradictory biographies of Zhiyi written by his disciple Guanding (561–632) are put forth as the basis of future Chinese Buddhist ge ...
Hindu and Buddhist Art () - Asian Art Museum | Education
Hindu and Buddhist Art () - Asian Art Museum | Education

IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS)
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS)

... Sanga will be headed by the Buddha and the lay world headed by the Chakrawarthi and those two are not supposed to have a relationship which each other (Uma Chakrawarthi: 2007).1But, reality of the Buddhism in Sri Lanka is completely different from comparing with original teaching of Lord Buddha. Acc ...
What Does it Mean to do the Right Thing?
What Does it Mean to do the Right Thing?

The Unintended Legacy of Hellenism
The Unintended Legacy of Hellenism

... Mahayana (Greater Vehicle) Buddhism emphasized the ideal of the compassionate bodhisattvas, or lesser Buddhas, who act as intermediaries between the Buddha of Grace (Amitabha) and the worshipper, and who chose to forgo nirvana until every other sentient being reached enlightenment.25 While Buddhists ...
Aspects of Early Buddhist Sociological Thought
Aspects of Early Buddhist Sociological Thought

The first Three Buddhist Councils
The first Three Buddhist Councils

The Buddhist Concept of Heaven and Hell
The Buddhist Concept of Heaven and Hell

... their minds with jealousy, hatred or any other evil thoughts. So how can their leaders justify the argument that they have committed such a bad sin as to go to hell? If they say that their God would get angry if his followers go and respect another God or a founder of another religion, how can they ...
Be a Lamp Upon Yourself
Be a Lamp Upon Yourself

... Buddhism's principles can be maintained under any circumstances without changing its basic ideas. The understanding capacity of the value of these religious ideas may diminish and disappear from Human's Mind. And Human may experience the difficulty of practicing these principles in a corrupted socie ...
The Kathāvatthu Niyāma Debates
The Kathāvatthu Niyāma Debates

... imply that the Buddha-to-be must have been a disciple of Kassapa, which would conflict with the concept of a Buddha as self-developed (sayambhu), as one who discovers the path for himself without the aid of a teacher. Buddhaghosa's commentary clarifies the meaning of niydma in this context: "Niydma ...
Tibetan Tantric Buddhism: Envisioning Death
Tibetan Tantric Buddhism: Envisioning Death

... death in a concise , logical manner, helping the viewer put his or her life into perspective as well. ...
Brahmanism, Buddhism and Hinduism
Brahmanism, Buddhism and Hinduism

Violence and Disruption in Society
Violence and Disruption in Society

... for an analytical attitude in dealing with anything to do with human life, including the question of violence. [23] One consequence, which flows from this is that generalizations and statements based on categories of pure reason are suspect. Evidence can be drawn from the Suttas to show that the Bud ...
TIBETAN BUDDHISTS: Exiled from Their Homeland, Extolled in the
TIBETAN BUDDHISTS: Exiled from Their Homeland, Extolled in the

... effect of implanting Tibetan Buddhism within the Mongol dynasty and installing the Sakya sect in political power in  Tibet. Later, Kublai Khan declared Tibetan Buddhism the national religion of his empire and selected Phakpa, the  leader of the Sakyas, as his spiritual advisor.  After the Ming dynas ...
The Buddhism 8 fold path
The Buddhism 8 fold path

Theravada Philosophical Exposition of the Supramundane (Lokuttara)
Theravada Philosophical Exposition of the Supramundane (Lokuttara)

... simultaneously realises Nibbāna, fathoms the Four Noble Truths, and cuts off the defilements. This wisdom is called supramundane because it rises up from the world of the five aggregates to realise the state that transcends the world, Nibbāna. The Buddhist disciple, striving for deliverance, begins ...
TIBETAN BUDDHISTS: Exiled from Their Homeland, Extolled in the
TIBETAN BUDDHISTS: Exiled from Their Homeland, Extolled in the

... Buddhism has flourished in a form quite distinct from the other schools of Buddhism. The earliest accounts of Buddhism in Tibet date back to the seventh century A.D., after Songtsen Gampo unified Tibet into a single nation and became its first king in 625. Prior to this time, Tibet was a land of sep ...
are buddhists idol - worshippers
are buddhists idol - worshippers

... are conducted in honour of them, and flowers offered on their graves and tombs. If such practices can be justified why should some people ridicule followers of the Buddha as idol worshippers when they pay respect to their religious teacher who has served mankind without harming others and who has co ...
On the Bhikkhunã Ordination Controversy
On the Bhikkhunã Ordination Controversy

... for higher ordination. Because it was impossible for her at this juncture of events to act according to the sixth garudhamma, she approached the Buddha and inquired about the proper line of conduct to be adopted regarding her female followers. In reply, the Buddha authorized that bhikkhus should giv ...
did the dhamma die with the buddha?
did the dhamma die with the buddha?

... much a case of divine intervention as it is instruction in a method that is to be applied by the individual. There is another counter to Masefield’s assertion which, while not a direct refutation, must surely carry a lot of weight. And that is that the Buddha taught his disciples – lay, ordained and ...
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Buddhist ethics

Buddhist ethics are traditionally based on what Buddhists view as the enlightened perspective of the Buddha, or other enlightened beings who followed him. Moral instructions are included in Buddhist scriptures or handed down through tradition. Most scholars of Buddhist ethics thus rely on the examination of Buddhist scriptures, and the use of anthropological evidence from traditional Buddhist societies, to justify claims about the nature of Buddhist ethics.According to traditional Buddhism, the foundation of Buddhist ethics for laypeople is The Five Precepts: no killing, no stealing, no lying, no sexual misconduct, and no intoxicants. In becoming a Buddhist, or affirming one's commitment to Buddhism, a layperson is encouraged to vow to abstain from these negative actions. The precepts are not formulated as imperatives, but as training rules that laypeople undertake voluntarily to facilitate practice. In Buddhist thought, the cultivation of dana and ethical conduct will themselves refine consciousness to such a level that rebirth in one of the lower hells is unlikely, even if there is no further Buddhist practice. There is nothing improper or un-Buddhist about limiting one's aims to this level of attainment. Buddhist monks and nuns take hundreds more such vows (see vinaya).The Buddha (BC 623-BC 543) provided some basic guidelines for acceptable behavior that are part of the Eightfold path. The initial precept is non-injury or non-violence to all living creatures from the lowest insect to humans. This precept defines a non-violent attitude toward every living thing. The Buddhist practice of this does not extend to the extremes exhibited by Jainism, but from both the Buddhist and Jain perspectives, non-violence suggests an intimate involvement with, and relationship to, all living things.
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