View PDF - Sara Seager
... it directly across the face of its host star. For such a “transiting” planet, it is possible to determine the planet’s mass and radius, its orbital parameters, and its atmospheric properties.1 Of particular interest are planets with sizes between those of the Earth and Neptune. Little is known about ...
... it directly across the face of its host star. For such a “transiting” planet, it is possible to determine the planet’s mass and radius, its orbital parameters, and its atmospheric properties.1 Of particular interest are planets with sizes between those of the Earth and Neptune. Little is known about ...
Planetary Radii Across Five Orders of Magnitude in Mass and Stellar
... We also neglect the ‘‘transit radius’’ effect: the apparent radius of a transiting planet is the radius where the slant optical depth through the planet’s atmosphere reaches unity. The corresponding atmospheric pressure can vary across many orders of magnitude, depending on the wavelength (Hubbard e ...
... We also neglect the ‘‘transit radius’’ effect: the apparent radius of a transiting planet is the radius where the slant optical depth through the planet’s atmosphere reaches unity. The corresponding atmospheric pressure can vary across many orders of magnitude, depending on the wavelength (Hubbard e ...
Century-Long Monitoring of Solar Irradiance and Earth`s Albedo
... equator once per day, the right ascension at opposition drifting about 1 degree/day. GeoSphere would therefore require a significant number of cross-calibrated comparison stars in order to place its differential magnitude on a uniform scale throughout the year. Typical separations within photometric ...
... equator once per day, the right ascension at opposition drifting about 1 degree/day. GeoSphere would therefore require a significant number of cross-calibrated comparison stars in order to place its differential magnitude on a uniform scale throughout the year. Typical separations within photometric ...
Science Planet Project-Uranus update final
... • It all comes down to density. The density of Uranus is the second least in the Solar System, after Saturn. In fact, it has a density that’s only a little higher than water. Since water is very common in the outer Solar System, astronomers suspect that the whole planet is made of mostly water. But ...
... • It all comes down to density. The density of Uranus is the second least in the Solar System, after Saturn. In fact, it has a density that’s only a little higher than water. Since water is very common in the outer Solar System, astronomers suspect that the whole planet is made of mostly water. But ...
The Copernican revolution - University of Florida Astronomy
... After more than 100 years of testing, Darwin’s theory stands stronger than ever, having successfully met every scientific challenge to its validity. There is no longer any doubt that the theory of evolution ...
... After more than 100 years of testing, Darwin’s theory stands stronger than ever, having successfully met every scientific challenge to its validity. There is no longer any doubt that the theory of evolution ...
Script Chapter 7 part 2
... Before 1980 there existed only indirect evidence about the presence of circumstellar disk around young stars. In the 1980’s collimated outflows, so-called jets, could be clearly associated with young stars (Slide 7.5). Jets are a well known phenomenon of accretion disks in active galactic nuclei and ...
... Before 1980 there existed only indirect evidence about the presence of circumstellar disk around young stars. In the 1980’s collimated outflows, so-called jets, could be clearly associated with young stars (Slide 7.5). Jets are a well known phenomenon of accretion disks in active galactic nuclei and ...
Compartive Planetology I: Our Solar. System
... across—about i/. of the width of a human hair and far too small to be seen without a microscope. The planets themselves are very small compared to the distances between them. Indeed, while an airliner traveling at 1000 km/h (620 mi/h) can fly around Earth in less than two days, at this speed it woul ...
... across—about i/. of the width of a human hair and far too small to be seen without a microscope. The planets themselves are very small compared to the distances between them. Indeed, while an airliner traveling at 1000 km/h (620 mi/h) can fly around Earth in less than two days, at this speed it woul ...
Understanding Uranus - Lewis Center for
... But it was not until 1781 that English astronomer William Herschel recognized it as a planet. Uranus travels in a nearly circular orbit at an average distance of almost 3 billion kilometers (1.9 billion miles) from the Sun (about nineteen times the distance from Earth to the Sun). The earliest obser ...
... But it was not until 1781 that English astronomer William Herschel recognized it as a planet. Uranus travels in a nearly circular orbit at an average distance of almost 3 billion kilometers (1.9 billion miles) from the Sun (about nineteen times the distance from Earth to the Sun). The earliest obser ...
Moon - Georgia Standards
... approximately every 18 years. The combined number of total or partial eclipses of the sun and the moon cannot exceed seven or be less than two in a calendar year. (See also Eclipse.) Other Variations of the Moon There are other irregularities in the moon's motion caused by the attraction of the sun ...
... approximately every 18 years. The combined number of total or partial eclipses of the sun and the moon cannot exceed seven or be less than two in a calendar year. (See also Eclipse.) Other Variations of the Moon There are other irregularities in the moon's motion caused by the attraction of the sun ...
DATA FROM CATALOGUES OF SOLAR SYSTEM OBJECTS IN
... Vesta). Students were also asked to type the date of analysis – most of them use the date when lesson held, one of them uses date of birthday. In this case teacher should inform students about the influence of time on calculating a location of minor planet at solar system. For aphelion and perihelio ...
... Vesta). Students were also asked to type the date of analysis – most of them use the date when lesson held, one of them uses date of birthday. In this case teacher should inform students about the influence of time on calculating a location of minor planet at solar system. For aphelion and perihelio ...
Nemesis - The Evergreen State College
... Based on my calculations, Nemesis has a semi-major axis of 1.5 light-years or 94,860A.U. Which does give this object the necessary period of 29.2-million years. After studying the graphs and proofs of the extinction record, It is the opinion of this researcher that most, if not all, of the mass exti ...
... Based on my calculations, Nemesis has a semi-major axis of 1.5 light-years or 94,860A.U. Which does give this object the necessary period of 29.2-million years. After studying the graphs and proofs of the extinction record, It is the opinion of this researcher that most, if not all, of the mass exti ...
Why there are apparently so few debris disks among post
... core of the order of ~15 Earth masses, the surrounding gas is captured quiet rapidly to form a giant planet. The giant planet and disk interaction produces an inward migration of the planet. ...
... core of the order of ~15 Earth masses, the surrounding gas is captured quiet rapidly to form a giant planet. The giant planet and disk interaction produces an inward migration of the planet. ...
1. Uranus and Neptune
... it is not a star. However, the farther a planet is from the Sun, the more slowly it moves. Uranus moves so slowly that a careful astronomer is needed to note that it is moving. In other words, Uranus is so dim and moves so slowly that it’s not surprising it was discovered only in 1781, when the othe ...
... it is not a star. However, the farther a planet is from the Sun, the more slowly it moves. Uranus moves so slowly that a careful astronomer is needed to note that it is moving. In other words, Uranus is so dim and moves so slowly that it’s not surprising it was discovered only in 1781, when the othe ...
Atmospheric circulations of terrestrial planets orbiting low
... quantities are in cgs (centimeter, grams, seconds) units. Stars younger (older) than 4.5 byr will have smaller (larger) tidal locking radii. Results for stars of different masses are shown in Fig. 1. Within our own Solar System, Mercury avoids synchronous rotation even though it is within the Sun’s ...
... quantities are in cgs (centimeter, grams, seconds) units. Stars younger (older) than 4.5 byr will have smaller (larger) tidal locking radii. Results for stars of different masses are shown in Fig. 1. Within our own Solar System, Mercury avoids synchronous rotation even though it is within the Sun’s ...
Introduction to Astronomy - Northumberland Astronomical Society
... became as bright as Venus before slowly fading from view. Tycho referred to the star as ‘Nova Stella’. David Fabricius noticed a new star whilst observing Mercury in 1596. The star brightened and then faded from view. Unlike Tycho’s star, it eventually reappeared months later. It was named Mira, mea ...
... became as bright as Venus before slowly fading from view. Tycho referred to the star as ‘Nova Stella’. David Fabricius noticed a new star whilst observing Mercury in 1596. The star brightened and then faded from view. Unlike Tycho’s star, it eventually reappeared months later. It was named Mira, mea ...
The Habitability of Our Earth and Other Earths: Astrophysical
... Chlorophyll maps of the ocean (McClain et al. 2006) show regions where, despite ample water, photons, and nitrates, there are low concentrations of chlorophyll. Iron fertilization experiments in these enigmatic high-nitrate-low-chlorophyll regions found that the biomass was iron limited, rather than ...
... Chlorophyll maps of the ocean (McClain et al. 2006) show regions where, despite ample water, photons, and nitrates, there are low concentrations of chlorophyll. Iron fertilization experiments in these enigmatic high-nitrate-low-chlorophyll regions found that the biomass was iron limited, rather than ...
Lecture 13.1
... • Suppose light travels at speed c • Turn argument about – is there a value of M/R for some star which will not allow light photons to escape ? • Need M/R = c2/2G density = 1027 kg/m3 for object with R = 1m approx • Need very high densities – possible for collapsed stars Physics 215 – Fall 2014 ...
... • Suppose light travels at speed c • Turn argument about – is there a value of M/R for some star which will not allow light photons to escape ? • Need M/R = c2/2G density = 1027 kg/m3 for object with R = 1m approx • Need very high densities – possible for collapsed stars Physics 215 – Fall 2014 ...
Kepler File
... Kepler embraced the Copernican system and remained a firm Copernican all his life. He embraced it even though there was no evidence for helio-centrism at this point. He just found the model beautiful and more agreeable to his Christian beliefs. He thought that the Sun, being the noblest of all heave ...
... Kepler embraced the Copernican system and remained a firm Copernican all his life. He embraced it even though there was no evidence for helio-centrism at this point. He just found the model beautiful and more agreeable to his Christian beliefs. He thought that the Sun, being the noblest of all heave ...
The Discovery of Neptune: The Discovery
... both papers are remarkable as they are odirectly addressing the observational astronomers where to find the planet: “5 to the East of the star δ Capricorni” ...
... both papers are remarkable as they are odirectly addressing the observational astronomers where to find the planet: “5 to the East of the star δ Capricorni” ...
Using Star Charts
... designed to get around the problem that the appearance of the sky changes with time. To use any of them usually requires a little practice. The star chart that you will be introduced to in this assignment are those published by Sky Publishing Corporation, they can be purchased in the bookstore. Keep ...
... designed to get around the problem that the appearance of the sky changes with time. To use any of them usually requires a little practice. The star chart that you will be introduced to in this assignment are those published by Sky Publishing Corporation, they can be purchased in the bookstore. Keep ...
C - ScienceWilmeth5
... If this day continues to be sunny, what will most likely happen to the length of the shadow from 2P.M. to 4P.M.? A. The length of the shadow will stay the same. B. The length of the shadow will decrease and then increase. C. The length of the shadow will increase. D. The length of the shadow will de ...
... If this day continues to be sunny, what will most likely happen to the length of the shadow from 2P.M. to 4P.M.? A. The length of the shadow will stay the same. B. The length of the shadow will decrease and then increase. C. The length of the shadow will increase. D. The length of the shadow will de ...
Star Map - Science Centre
... The Big Dipper is one of the most famous asterisms (star patterns) throughout history. In some places of the Northern Hemisphere, its seven brightest stars can be seen all year round. Further South near the equator, it is only visible for a few months. Merak and Dubhe are known as The Pointers, poin ...
... The Big Dipper is one of the most famous asterisms (star patterns) throughout history. In some places of the Northern Hemisphere, its seven brightest stars can be seen all year round. Further South near the equator, it is only visible for a few months. Merak and Dubhe are known as The Pointers, poin ...
What is a planet? - X-ray and Observational Astronomy Group
... massive, close-in planets • It is not yet sensitive to planets as small as Earth, even close-in • As orbital period increases, the method becomes insensitive to planets less massive than Jupiter • The length of time that the surveys have been active (since 1989) sets the upper orbital period limit – ...
... massive, close-in planets • It is not yet sensitive to planets as small as Earth, even close-in • As orbital period increases, the method becomes insensitive to planets less massive than Jupiter • The length of time that the surveys have been active (since 1989) sets the upper orbital period limit – ...
Sky-High 2013 - Irish Astronomical Society
... cost. It allows you to show the constellations visible at any time of the night, any time in the year. You could get away with using the monthly charts published in newspapers but there are a couple of drawbacks. Each chart is correct for only one time on a given night, say 10 p.m. If you are observ ...
... cost. It allows you to show the constellations visible at any time of the night, any time in the year. You could get away with using the monthly charts published in newspapers but there are a couple of drawbacks. Each chart is correct for only one time on a given night, say 10 p.m. If you are observ ...
m, a, e
... at Q<1 but already when Q decreases to Q~1.5…2 They redistribute mass and heat the disk => increase Q (stabilize disk). 2. Empirically, this self-regulation of the effects of gravity on disk is seen in disk galaxies, all of which have Q~2 and yet don’t split into many baby gallaxies. 3. The only way ...
... at Q<1 but already when Q decreases to Q~1.5…2 They redistribute mass and heat the disk => increase Q (stabilize disk). 2. Empirically, this self-regulation of the effects of gravity on disk is seen in disk galaxies, all of which have Q~2 and yet don’t split into many baby gallaxies. 3. The only way ...
Satellite system (astronomy)
A satellite system is a set of gravitationally bound objects in orbit around a planetary mass object or minor planet. Generally speaking, it is a set of natural satellites (moons), although such systems may also consist of bodies such as circumplanetary disks, ring systems, moonlets, minor-planet moons and artificial satellites any of which may themselves have satellite systems of their own. Some satellite systems have complex interactions with both their parent and other moons, including magnetic, tidal, atmospheric and orbital interactions such as orbital resonances and libration. Individually major satellite objects are designated in Roman numerals. Satellite systems are referred to either by the possessive adjectives of their primary (e.g. ""Jovian system""), or less commonly by the name of their primary (e.g. ""Jupiter system""). Where only one satellite is known, or it is a binary orbiting a common centre of gravity, it may be referred to using the hyphenated names of the primary and major satellite (e.g. the ""Earth-Moon system"").Many Solar System objects are known to possess satellite systems, though their origin is still unclear. Notable examples include the largest satellite system, the Jovian system, with 67 known moons (including the large Galilean moons) and the Saturnian System with 62 known moons (and the most visible ring system in the Solar System). Both satellite systems are large and diverse. In fact all of the giant planets of the Solar System possess large satellite systems as well as planetary rings, and it is inferred that this is a general pattern. Several objects farther from the Sun also have satellite systems consisting of multiple moons, including the complex Plutonian system where multiple objects orbit a common center of mass, as well as many asteroids and plutinos. Apart from the Earth-Moon system and Mars' system of two tiny natural satellites, the other terrestrial planets are generally not considered satellite systems, although some have been orbited by artificial satellites originating from Earth.Little is known of satellite systems beyond the Solar System, although it is inferred that natural satellites are common. J1407b is an example of an extrasolar satellite system. It is also theorised that Rogue planets ejected from their planetary system could retain a system of satellites.