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Large-leaved Aster
Large-leaved Aster

... The large leaves can be cooked and eaten. Traditionally the plant has been used this way by Native American cultures. The root has also been used as a blood medicine and to treat bowel problems and venereal disease. The nectar and pollen attract a wide variety of insects. Others feed off the leaves, ...
Plant anatomy and growth
Plant anatomy and growth

... A leaf is made up of many layers that are sandwiched between two layers of tough skin cells. They are called epidermis. These layers protect the leaf from insects, bacteria, and other pests. ...
Fagus sylvatica (European Beech) Size/Shape
Fagus sylvatica (European Beech) Size/Shape

... Fagus sylvatica (European Beech) European beech is magnificent spreading deciduous tree is best known for its smooth silver-gray bark. It has a glossy elliptic bright green leaf which turned yellow or copper color in the fall. Inconspicuous flowers in spring are followed by small bristly capsules in ...
5799 Cover.qxd
5799 Cover.qxd

... but not in white fruit. Reaches maturity from seed within 105 days. Persists by green stems or rootcrowns in warmer areas. Rapidly spreading by cattle and other livestock transportation and by wildlife-dispersed seeds as well as seed-contaminated hay, sod, and machinery. Resembles horsenettle, S. ca ...
I. The first vascular plants evolve roughly 420 MYA as plants move
I. The first vascular plants evolve roughly 420 MYA as plants move

... D. Flowers and fruit develop. (These structures help moving to new areas or reproducing by using animals.) ...
Chapter 6 Plant structure and function
Chapter 6 Plant structure and function

... Chapter 7 Transport in plants Page 60 1.The water molecule enters the root hair cell, passes through the root cortex to reach a vessel in the vascular bundle. It is carried up the vessel in the stem by the transpiration stream and enters a leaf via the midrib. It passes into the xylem of a leaf vein ...
Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Plantae

... Gymnosperms (conifers and relatives)- cone bearing plants that have seeds exposed on their cones scales. Angiosperms (flowering plants) – plants with protected reproductive structures that have adaptations to increase the likelihood of reproduction. ...
ROOTS
ROOTS

... 2° phloem) Most woody plants produce bark, a growth of the cork cambial layer, for mechanical protection and to reduce water loss. ...
PLANTS - NBISD
PLANTS - NBISD

... (eggs and sperm) by meiosis Zygote (2n) produces the new sporophyte ...
Indian Hawthorn `Majestic Beauty`
Indian Hawthorn `Majestic Beauty`

... If tolerates moderate draught once established. During severe drought periods, watering will be necessary to avoid stressing the plants and making them susceptible to pest problems. When planting, prepare a hole twice as wide and as deep as the root ball, making sure that the plant will remain at th ...
Monocot - Oregon Cranberry Growers Association
Monocot - Oregon Cranberry Growers Association

... radicle. The main or primary root is known as the tap root. The primary root system (tap root) grows vertically down into the soil. Later lateral or secondary roots grow from this at an acute angle outwards and downwards, and from these other branches may arise. Together with its many branch roots i ...
8th Hour PowerPoint
8th Hour PowerPoint

...  Woody trees/shrubs with needlelike leaves  Cones- clusters of modified leaves that surround the spore-producing structures  Firs, yews, spruces, junipers, larches, cypresses, etc. ...
Vascular tissue
Vascular tissue

... on the outside of plant that prevents water loss  Leaves—broad flat structures (usually) that trap light energy for ...
Resource Allocation by Plants of the Sonoran Desert
Resource Allocation by Plants of the Sonoran Desert

... 5) Writing/drawing materials BACKGROUND Most resources are finite. Plants in the Sonoran Desert have access to almost unlimited light, but access to water and nutrients in the soil is not always sufficient for maximum growth. Therefore, plants "choose" how to allocate the available resources into gr ...
Structure of Plants
Structure of Plants

... Guard cells depend on osmosis to work. When they take in water, they open the ...
KEY FOR BROADLEAVED SPECIES
KEY FOR BROADLEAVED SPECIES

... Leaves almost circular in outline. Leaves almost triangular in outline. Leaves oval to oblong in outline. Leaves at least four times as long as broad. Leaves large (to 15 x 15 cm), oblique at base, heart shaped, abruptly pointed at tip; serrated edges, only hairy on veins on both sides; leaf stalk c ...
ID Guide
ID Guide

... is comprised of two petal lobes and the lower “lip” is comprised of three small lobes. The flowers are bisexual, which means they have both male and female reproductive organs. At the peak of flowering, the flower clusters will include closed buds, open fresh flowers, and drying flowers that are dev ...
Chapter 1
Chapter 1

... - bees, other animals, or wind pollinate a flower when they move pollen to the part that makes the seed - after a flower is pollinated, seeds form near the center of the flower - a fruit will grow to surround and protect the seeds Two types of trees: - deciduous: leaves die and fall off in the fall. ...
World of Plants C - World of Teaching
World of Plants C - World of Teaching

... 1. How is glucose carried from the leaves to every part of the plant? Transported in phloem tubes (water in xylem) 2. Give 2 structural features of a leaf that make it a good design for photosynthesis. Large surface area, thin, stomata, veins 3. Why do you think that the palisade cells are near the ...
okeechobee gourd - Florida Natural Areas Inventory
okeechobee gourd - Florida Natural Areas Inventory

... Field Description: Vine with long, twisting tendrils and slender stems, running over the ground or climbing shrubs and trees to 40 feet high. Leaves 6 - 8 inches broad, rough-hairy, alternate, paired with tendrils, broadly heartshaped, slightly to deeply lobed, lightly toothed, sometimes mottled wit ...
PALEOBOTANY: The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants
PALEOBOTANY: The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants

... (FIG. 9.36). Parichnos and vascular-bundle scars on the leaf scar are like those of Lepidodendron, but parichnos scars are not present on the base itself. Lepidophloios was ligulate, with the ligule attached just above the position of the leaf scar. Many Lepidophloios stems exhibit large, circular t ...
Basic Botany Review - Mrs. Merrill's Classroom
Basic Botany Review - Mrs. Merrill's Classroom

...  Palisade layer - dense upper layer  Spongy mesophyll - lower layer air space Chloroplasts - actual sites of photosynthesis ...
B - Fort Bend ISD
B - Fort Bend ISD

... • What are three principal organs and tissues of seed plants • What are the three main tissue systems of plants • What specialized cells make up vascular tissue • How does meristematic tissue differ from other plant tissue ...
Unit 4 Notes #5 –Gymnosperms – “Naked Seed
Unit 4 Notes #5 –Gymnosperms – “Naked Seed

... and dropped when mature. ...
the book of leaves - University of Chicago Press
the book of leaves - University of Chicago Press

... similar but more shrubby and more spiny. Its inflorescences are conical with a single main axis while those of A. elata have several spreading branches from the base. ...
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Leaf



A leaf is an organ of a vascular plant and is the principal lateral appendage of the stem. The leaves and stem together form the shoot. Foliage is a mass noun that refers to leaves collectively.Typically a leaf is a thin, dorsiventrally flattened organ, borne above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Most leaves have distinctive upper (adaxial) and lower (abaxial) surfaces that differ in colour, hairiness, the number of stomata (pores that intake and output gases) and other features. In most plant species, leaves are broad and flat. Such species are referred to as broad-leaved plants. Many gymnosperm species have thin needle-like leaves that can be advantageous in cold climates frequented by snow and frost. Leaves can also have other shapes and forms such as the scales in certain species of conifers. Some leaves are not above ground (such as bulb scales). Succulent plants often have thick juicy leaves, but some leaves are without major photosynthetic function and may be dead at maturity, as in some cataphylls, and spines). Furthermore, several kinds of leaf-like structures found in vascular plants are not totally homologous with them. Examples include flattened plant stems (called phylloclades and cladodes), and phyllodes (flattened leaf stems), both of which differ from leaves in their structure and origin. Many structures of non-vascular plants, and even of some lichens, which are not plants at all (in the sense of being members of the kingdom Plantae), look and function much like leaves. The primary site of photosynthesis in most leaves (palisade mesophyll) almost always occurs on the upper side of the blade or lamina of the leaf but in some species, including the mature foliage of Eucalyptus palisade occurs on both sides and the leaves are said to be isobilateral.
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