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plant health clinic news
plant health clinic news

... develop circular yellowish tan-brown spots that become almost felt-like with masses of spores. Spores are approximately 20-60 µm long and 3.5-6 µm wide. ...
PDF
PDF

... ith number of the Fibonacci sequence and n and m are integers in the relation n < m. In the Fibonacci fractional series, each m = n + 2: ...
Adelinia02rev nc US
Adelinia02rev nc US

... in leaf, pedicel, and nutlet characteristics, with Adelinia having petiolate cauline leaves, pedicels that are erect in fruit, and nutlets with a slight keel above the attachment scar. In contrast, Andersonglossum bears sessile cauline leaves, pedicels recurved in fruit, and nutlets that lack a keel ...
Plant Tissues
Plant Tissues

... Vascular Tissue Phloem: Phood conduction, carries products of photosynthesis to non-photo cells – Found in roots, stems, leaves – Sieve cells, albuminous cells, companion cells, parenchyma – Gymnospersm: sieve, angiosperms, sieve-tube members, connected vertically by sieve plates ...
On the Inside - Plant Physiology
On the Inside - Plant Physiology

... generate and maintain an internal temperature of about 20°C even when the ambient air temperature drops below 0°C (Fig. 1). Traditionally, heat production in thermogenic plants has been thought to be associated with an increase in the activity of the cyanideresistant electron transport pathway in mi ...
Guru Nanak Public School Sarabha Nagar
Guru Nanak Public School Sarabha Nagar

... 13. Parallel venation is characteristic of i. all dicots ii. most monocots iii.both dicots and monocots iv. only some monocots 14. The arrangement of leaves on a stem is called i. taxonomy ii. taxis iii. Phyllotaxy iv. taxon 15. Root hairs are ...
Kingdom Plants chapter 18
Kingdom Plants chapter 18

... Sporophyte has foot seta and capsule and lacks vascular tissues xylem and phloem and also roots, stem or leaves. Sporophyte produce spores by Meiosis. The spores germinate to produce gametophyte. This is called alternation of generations – Gametophyte  gametes  Sporophyte  spores  again gametoph ...
Cogongrass: A Potentially Invasive Weed in Arkansas
Cogongrass: A Potentially Invasive Weed in Arkansas

... spring (March through May) to a depth of at least 6 inches and should be repeated every six to eight weeks. It is important to clean all equipment on site to prevent the spread of rhizomes. The site should be replanted with a suitable grass or cover crop as soon as the cogongrass infestation is unde ...
Chapter 17: Plant Reproduction Self Evaluation A. Multiple Choice
Chapter 17: Plant Reproduction Self Evaluation A. Multiple Choice

... 3. A type of stem cutting used where stock material is limited and has alternate leaves is a A. Stem tip cutting C. Simple layer B. Cane cutting D. Single- eye cutting 4. A cutting that is usually made from a large leaf plant with the veins split is A. Split- vein cutting C. Terminal tip cutting B. ...
Chapter 30
Chapter 30

... – Timber, paper, resin, and taxol (anti-cancer) ...
Chapter 24: Evolution and Diversity of Plants
Chapter 24: Evolution and Diversity of Plants

... Sperm swim to egg in film of water to make zygote Non-vascular Plant Examples: Hornworts (Division Anthocerophyta) have small sporophytes that carry on photosynthesis Liverworts (Division Hepatophyta) have either flattened thallus or leafy appearance Mosses (Division Bryophyta) usually have a leafy ...
Air Pollution Damage to Plants - Alabama Cooperative Extension
Air Pollution Damage to Plants - Alabama Cooperative Extension

... types: (1) collapse of leaf tissue with the development of necrotic patterns, (2) yellowing or other color changes, and (3) alterations in growth or premature loss of foliage. Injury from air pollution can be confused with the symptoms caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, insects, nutritio ...
Monocots Dicots
Monocots Dicots

... Briefly explain what the rings are. Where are the seeds of a strawberry? How many seeds do you think it has? Why would they be here? 8. Explain the difference between monocots and dicots. 9. Sketch both types, both flowers and stem cross section. 10. Look at two flower types under a scope. How many ...
Plant Structures
Plant Structures

... roles in food production and reproduction? Vocabulary: nutrients reproduce leaf root ...
A glossary of botanical, medical, Hindi and Sanskrit terms used in
A glossary of botanical, medical, Hindi and Sanskrit terms used in

... CORYMB - An inflorescence with lower flower-stalks longer than those above, so that all the flowers are at the same level. CRENATE - Edged with rounded teeth that point forwards. CRUMPLED - Wrinkled. CUTICLE - A non-cellular waxy layer secreted by the epidermis. It protects the surface and reduces, ...
The Nature Conservancy
The Nature Conservancy

... capable of growing 25 to 30 feet, horticulturists claim it needs bright but not direct light and high humidity. Another relative, Tetrastigma nitens, is distributed from northern New South Wales to North Queensland. T. nitens occurs in many different habitats from sea level to 800 m. Generally occur ...
LYTHRACEAE apex acute and apiculate, base narrowed, 1.5 to 4
LYTHRACEAE apex acute and apiculate, base narrowed, 1.5 to 4

... of the calyx-tube. Ovary sessile at the base of the calyx-tube, 3- to 6celled, ovules many. Capsule ovoid to ellipsoid, more or less adnate to the persistent calyx-tube, 3- to 6-valved, 3- to 6-celled. Seeds many, winged at the apex. (In honor of M. Lagerstroem, a correspondent of Linnaeus.) Species ...
`dancing` plant: codariocalyx motorius (houtt.) ohashi
`dancing` plant: codariocalyx motorius (houtt.) ohashi

... biological clock that regulates the ultradian rhythm of leaflet movements of the plant. Codariocalyx motorius is documented as used for treating of many diseases. It has traditionally been used in Chinese Medicine to treat various ailments such as rheumatism, cough, malaria, pyrexia, dysentery, hepa ...
PLANTS Plant Reproduction
PLANTS Plant Reproduction

... Fruit in angiosperms help to disperse seeds to reduce competition with parent plant. Types of fruit: Winged fruit – glides to new location (maple fruit) Floating fruit – can float to new locations (coconut) Fleshy fruit ­ sweet bright colored fruit have seeds that survive the digestive system of  an ...
Summer Tree Identification - The Species Recovery Trust
Summer Tree Identification - The Species Recovery Trust

... Clusters of white flowers in summer Twigs covered in small hairs Leaves have an unpleasant smell when crushed Leaf stalk and shoot are hairy at maturity Very round in profile, ends of the branches droop before turning upwards 5-petalled, fragrant flowers in dense clusters Thorny twigs Green fruit ri ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... Like all seed plants, the sporophyte is the dominant generation. and the gametophyte has been internalized (endospory). The complete enclosure of the ovules by the carpels has led to the evolution of mechanisms which prevent certain types of pollen access to the ovules. Double fertilization, in whic ...
Bougainvillea spp. - Environmental Horticulture
Bougainvillea spp. - Environmental Horticulture

... yellow, and orange. Bougainvillea can be trained to stand alone as a sprawling shrub, or allowed to grow naturally where it will quickly cover fences or climb up into trees. Planted on top of a wall, it will cascade over the side in great bouquets of color. With careful pruning, Bougainvillea can al ...
Wild Foods - Florida Native Plant Society
Wild Foods - Florida Native Plant Society

... You can cultivate poke as well as collecting it wild. Dig the roots after the first cold snap in the fall, cover them ...
Impatiens siculifer Hook.f. (Balsaminaceae) and Tricarpelema
Impatiens siculifer Hook.f. (Balsaminaceae) and Tricarpelema

... critical perusal of the literature revealed that both of these species have not been reported from India so far. Hence they are reported here with descriptions and colour illustrations so as to enable the field botanists, foresters, environmentalists, herbalists, etc. to identify them in the field. ...
Japanese Barberry Berberis Thunbergii
Japanese Barberry Berberis Thunbergii

... Dense spiny shrub. Brown, spiny branches with a single spine at each shoot node. Green & blue leaves. Matures during late summer and fall and persist through the winter. Distinguished by the flowers being produced in umbels. An umbel is an inflorescence which consists of a number of short flower sta ...
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Leaf



A leaf is an organ of a vascular plant and is the principal lateral appendage of the stem. The leaves and stem together form the shoot. Foliage is a mass noun that refers to leaves collectively.Typically a leaf is a thin, dorsiventrally flattened organ, borne above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Most leaves have distinctive upper (adaxial) and lower (abaxial) surfaces that differ in colour, hairiness, the number of stomata (pores that intake and output gases) and other features. In most plant species, leaves are broad and flat. Such species are referred to as broad-leaved plants. Many gymnosperm species have thin needle-like leaves that can be advantageous in cold climates frequented by snow and frost. Leaves can also have other shapes and forms such as the scales in certain species of conifers. Some leaves are not above ground (such as bulb scales). Succulent plants often have thick juicy leaves, but some leaves are without major photosynthetic function and may be dead at maturity, as in some cataphylls, and spines). Furthermore, several kinds of leaf-like structures found in vascular plants are not totally homologous with them. Examples include flattened plant stems (called phylloclades and cladodes), and phyllodes (flattened leaf stems), both of which differ from leaves in their structure and origin. Many structures of non-vascular plants, and even of some lichens, which are not plants at all (in the sense of being members of the kingdom Plantae), look and function much like leaves. The primary site of photosynthesis in most leaves (palisade mesophyll) almost always occurs on the upper side of the blade or lamina of the leaf but in some species, including the mature foliage of Eucalyptus palisade occurs on both sides and the leaves are said to be isobilateral.
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