Biodiversity in tropical agroforests and the ecological role of ants
... ecological literature that may explain losses in ant diversity with coffee and cacao intensification. These can be grouped into physiological and ecological factors. Physiological factors include both microclimatic changes affecting forest-adapted species (e.g. Nestel & Dickschen, 1990; Perfecto & V ...
... ecological literature that may explain losses in ant diversity with coffee and cacao intensification. These can be grouped into physiological and ecological factors. Physiological factors include both microclimatic changes affecting forest-adapted species (e.g. Nestel & Dickschen, 1990; Perfecto & V ...
TOWARD A STRATEGY FOR THE CONSERVATION AND
... In this paper, the definition of “protection” is consistent with that of the IUCN, where a protected area is “a clearly defined geographical space, recognized, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long-term conservation of nature with associated ecological ...
... In this paper, the definition of “protection” is consistent with that of the IUCN, where a protected area is “a clearly defined geographical space, recognized, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long-term conservation of nature with associated ecological ...
Food webs: reconciling the structure and function of biodiversity
... We are experiencing two interrelated global ecological crises. One is in biodiversity, with unprecedented rates of species loss across all major ecosystems, combined with greatly accelerated biotic exchange between landmasses [1]. Consequently, spatial and temporal patterns of species occurrence are ...
... We are experiencing two interrelated global ecological crises. One is in biodiversity, with unprecedented rates of species loss across all major ecosystems, combined with greatly accelerated biotic exchange between landmasses [1]. Consequently, spatial and temporal patterns of species occurrence are ...
American Journal of Botany
... was controversial, they helped spawn an entire generation of research that has now become colloquially known of as the field of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF for short). By the end of the 1990s, several hundred studies had examined how the diversity of plants—as well as bacteria, fungi ...
... was controversial, they helped spawn an entire generation of research that has now become colloquially known of as the field of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF for short). By the end of the 1990s, several hundred studies had examined how the diversity of plants—as well as bacteria, fungi ...
American Journal of Botany
... was controversial, they helped spawn an entire generation of research that has now become colloquially known of as the field of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF for short). By the end of the 1990s, several hundred studies had examined how the diversity of plants—as well as bacteria, fungi ...
... was controversial, they helped spawn an entire generation of research that has now become colloquially known of as the field of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF for short). By the end of the 1990s, several hundred studies had examined how the diversity of plants—as well as bacteria, fungi ...
Megafauna and ecosystem function from the
... Megafauna are often defined as animals with adults larger than some threshold mass; Martin (23) originally suggested 100 pounds (45.3 kg). An alternative approach is to use a trophic herbivore–carnivore cascade definition (Fig. 1). For herbivores, large size is a generally effective strategy for pro ...
... Megafauna are often defined as animals with adults larger than some threshold mass; Martin (23) originally suggested 100 pounds (45.3 kg). An alternative approach is to use a trophic herbivore–carnivore cascade definition (Fig. 1). For herbivores, large size is a generally effective strategy for pro ...
Sustainable Wildlife Management and Human-Wildlife Conflict
... Sustainable wildlife management (SWM) is the sound management of wildlife species to sustain their populations and habitat over time, taking into account the socioeconomic needs of human populations. This requires that all land-users within the wildlife habitat are aware of and consider the effects ...
... Sustainable wildlife management (SWM) is the sound management of wildlife species to sustain their populations and habitat over time, taking into account the socioeconomic needs of human populations. This requires that all land-users within the wildlife habitat are aware of and consider the effects ...
Introduction
... Abstract: Because the karst environment is very sensitive to disturbance, once a strong disturbance occurs in a karst ecosystem it will undergo reverse succession, and both its recovery and restoration might be difficult. So, biodiversity is an important factor in maintaining existing karst landscap ...
... Abstract: Because the karst environment is very sensitive to disturbance, once a strong disturbance occurs in a karst ecosystem it will undergo reverse succession, and both its recovery and restoration might be difficult. So, biodiversity is an important factor in maintaining existing karst landscap ...
Ecosystem Decay of Amazonian Forest Fragments: a 22
... Forest fragments contain a limited subset of any regional biota, in part because small patches inevitably sample fewer species and less habitat diversity than larger patches (e.g., Wilcox & Murphy 1985; Haila et al. 1993). Results from the BDFFP suggest that such sample effects could be especially i ...
... Forest fragments contain a limited subset of any regional biota, in part because small patches inevitably sample fewer species and less habitat diversity than larger patches (e.g., Wilcox & Murphy 1985; Haila et al. 1993). Results from the BDFFP suggest that such sample effects could be especially i ...
Biodiversity in a Changing World
... List of Figures Figure 1: A typical marsh ecosystem in Ontario………………………………………….1 Figure 2: Biodiversity allows Ontario residents to enjoy time on the lake………………..2 Figure 3: Zebra Mussel……………………………………………………………………3 Figure 4: Volunteers re-planting native vegetation……………………………………….5 Figure 5: Cootes ...
... List of Figures Figure 1: A typical marsh ecosystem in Ontario………………………………………….1 Figure 2: Biodiversity allows Ontario residents to enjoy time on the lake………………..2 Figure 3: Zebra Mussel……………………………………………………………………3 Figure 4: Volunteers re-planting native vegetation……………………………………….5 Figure 5: Cootes ...
Part 5:Regional Shorebird Conservation Goals and Strategies
... Alaska Because of its size and northerly position, Alaska provides breeding habitat for more shorebird species than any other state in the U.S. Seventy-one species of shorebirds have occurred in Alaska; 37 of them, including several unique Beringian species and Old World subspecies, regularly breed ...
... Alaska Because of its size and northerly position, Alaska provides breeding habitat for more shorebird species than any other state in the U.S. Seventy-one species of shorebirds have occurred in Alaska; 37 of them, including several unique Beringian species and Old World subspecies, regularly breed ...
Southern Lessons: Saving Species Through the National Forest
... wildlife is self-evident. Many conservationists and policy makers even have a working knowledge of how the act functions procedurally. Several of the ESA's successes, including the recovery of the American alligator in the southeast and the Kirtland's warbler in Michigan or the reintroduction of wol ...
... wildlife is self-evident. Many conservationists and policy makers even have a working knowledge of how the act functions procedurally. Several of the ESA's successes, including the recovery of the American alligator in the southeast and the Kirtland's warbler in Michigan or the reintroduction of wol ...
Global amphibian declines: sorting the hypotheses - Collins Lab
... The effect of harvesting on amphibian populations is poorly known, but there is evidence that it can be significant. Emmons (1973) noted that ‘As early as 1918, tons of frogs were moved by Railway Express out of the tri-state area of North and South Dakota and Minneapolis …’ (p. 91) for use as fresh ...
... The effect of harvesting on amphibian populations is poorly known, but there is evidence that it can be significant. Emmons (1973) noted that ‘As early as 1918, tons of frogs were moved by Railway Express out of the tri-state area of North and South Dakota and Minneapolis …’ (p. 91) for use as fresh ...
Global Biodiversity Outlook 3
... particular areas and amongst targeted species and ecosystems. This suggests that with adequate resources and political will, the tools exist for loss of biodiversity to be reduced at wider scales. For example, recent government policies to curb deforestation have been followed by declining rates of ...
... particular areas and amongst targeted species and ecosystems. This suggests that with adequate resources and political will, the tools exist for loss of biodiversity to be reduced at wider scales. For example, recent government policies to curb deforestation have been followed by declining rates of ...
Key Conservation Issues - Oregon Conservation Strategy
... global sea level will be offset by an upward shift in land elevation over this timeframe. As carbon dioxide increases in the earth’s atmosphere, ocean waters become more acidic. The more acidic waters can weaken crucial marine life structures, such as shells and coral reefs, and even alter the metab ...
... global sea level will be offset by an upward shift in land elevation over this timeframe. As carbon dioxide increases in the earth’s atmosphere, ocean waters become more acidic. The more acidic waters can weaken crucial marine life structures, such as shells and coral reefs, and even alter the metab ...
Chapter 1 General introduction
... ity (Woodroffe & Ginsberg, 2000) and is often associated with human-carnivore conflicts (Woodroffe, 2000; Ogutu et al., 2005; Johnson et al., 2006). For example, in some areas of Africa farmers may saturate a goat or cow carcass with fast-acting poison, leave this out for hyenas to feed on during th ...
... ity (Woodroffe & Ginsberg, 2000) and is often associated with human-carnivore conflicts (Woodroffe, 2000; Ogutu et al., 2005; Johnson et al., 2006). For example, in some areas of Africa farmers may saturate a goat or cow carcass with fast-acting poison, leave this out for hyenas to feed on during th ...
Acinonyx jubatus – Cheetah - Endangered Wildlife Trust
... trade, habitat fragmentation and snaring. The full extent and impact of these threats are unknown. The regional population appears to be stable or perhaps increasing due to the conservation efforts of the managed metapopulation. However, the lack of reliable information on the free-roaming animals i ...
... trade, habitat fragmentation and snaring. The full extent and impact of these threats are unknown. The regional population appears to be stable or perhaps increasing due to the conservation efforts of the managed metapopulation. However, the lack of reliable information on the free-roaming animals i ...
Axis axis, Chital
... undulating terrain supported high Chital densities. Short grasslands are important because they provide little cover for predators such as Tiger Panthera tigris (Moe and Wegge 1994). The introduced subpopulation in Andaman Islands inhabits evergreen forests (Sankar and Acharya 2004) but native subpo ...
... undulating terrain supported high Chital densities. Short grasslands are important because they provide little cover for predators such as Tiger Panthera tigris (Moe and Wegge 1994). The introduced subpopulation in Andaman Islands inhabits evergreen forests (Sankar and Acharya 2004) but native subpo ...
Northern Plains Grassland - accessible version
... uninteresting and unattractive, as ‘vacant’ land, because of their lack of trees. Their conservation importance, and legally protected status as native vegetation are often ignored. ...
... uninteresting and unattractive, as ‘vacant’ land, because of their lack of trees. Their conservation importance, and legally protected status as native vegetation are often ignored. ...
Global biodiversity patterns of marine phytoplankton and zooplankton
... modelling. Mineral assemblages were consistent with those observed in gold-only deposits (Supplementary Table M3), given the limitations of bulk composition and constraints on mineral compositions. Various combinations of fluid:rock ratio and number of fluid waves were tested to assess the sensitivi ...
... modelling. Mineral assemblages were consistent with those observed in gold-only deposits (Supplementary Table M3), given the limitations of bulk composition and constraints on mineral compositions. Various combinations of fluid:rock ratio and number of fluid waves were tested to assess the sensitivi ...
Prospects for biodiversity conservation in the Atlantic Forest
... profoundly influence patterns of forest clearing and fragmentation (Geist and Lambin, 2002). The distribution of biodiversity and the ensuing patterns of species richness in any tropical forest region are also nonrandom, but it is usually the product of evolutionary processes, such as speciation, bio ...
... profoundly influence patterns of forest clearing and fragmentation (Geist and Lambin, 2002). The distribution of biodiversity and the ensuing patterns of species richness in any tropical forest region are also nonrandom, but it is usually the product of evolutionary processes, such as speciation, bio ...
Biodiversity and resilience of ecosystem functions
... Alternate stable states: When an ecosystem has more than one stable state (e.g. community structure) for a particular set of environmental conditions. These states can differ in the levels of specific ecosystem functions. ...
... Alternate stable states: When an ecosystem has more than one stable state (e.g. community structure) for a particular set of environmental conditions. These states can differ in the levels of specific ecosystem functions. ...
Biology
... community over time is called ecological succession. Sometimes, an ecosystem changes in response to an abrupt disturbance. ...
... community over time is called ecological succession. Sometimes, an ecosystem changes in response to an abrupt disturbance. ...
Introduction to Natural Heritage
... the process of plate tectonics. Over large periods of time continents can dramatically chance location and alter the distribution of species, e.g., Australia and South America were once joined as Gondwanaland. Both are the only places on earth with marsupials. • Climate change: the variation in the ...
... the process of plate tectonics. Over large periods of time continents can dramatically chance location and alter the distribution of species, e.g., Australia and South America were once joined as Gondwanaland. Both are the only places on earth with marsupials. • Climate change: the variation in the ...
Choosing appropriate temporal and spatial scales for ecological
... regimes to energy flow and nutrient cycling as fundamental processes occurring in ecosystems. At appropriately chosen scales, some human disturbances – widely scattered shifting agriculture in moist tropical forests, for example – may also be regarded as incorporated (Sloan and Padoch 1988). Soulé ( ...
... regimes to energy flow and nutrient cycling as fundamental processes occurring in ecosystems. At appropriately chosen scales, some human disturbances – widely scattered shifting agriculture in moist tropical forests, for example – may also be regarded as incorporated (Sloan and Padoch 1988). Soulé ( ...
Conservation biology
Conservation biology is the scientific study of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions. It is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on natural and social sciences, and the practice of natural resource management.The conservation ethic is based on the findings of conservation biology.