Cognitive linguistics and language structure
... Assumption as other cognitive theories. Moreover, it has been heavily influenced by the work of other cognitive linguists, such as Lakoff’s work (mentioned earlier) on prototypes, Langacker’s analyses of construal in languages such as Cora (Casad and Langacker 1985), Fillmore’s analyses of English l ...
... Assumption as other cognitive theories. Moreover, it has been heavily influenced by the work of other cognitive linguists, such as Lakoff’s work (mentioned earlier) on prototypes, Langacker’s analyses of construal in languages such as Cora (Casad and Langacker 1985), Fillmore’s analyses of English l ...
Язык. Константы. Переменные - Observatoire de linguistique
... Grammatical Relations, and they continue to generate controversy, especially, the notion grammatical subject — a highly contentious topic since the time the term subject was introduced into the linguist’s toolbox.1 For instance, some linguistic theories claim that all clauses must have a grammatical ...
... Grammatical Relations, and they continue to generate controversy, especially, the notion grammatical subject — a highly contentious topic since the time the term subject was introduced into the linguist’s toolbox.1 For instance, some linguistic theories claim that all clauses must have a grammatical ...
Mining Semantic Structures from Syntactic
... find matches in the PTs of the sentences in the text. The RESULT parts indicate how the MPs should be generated and to which node they should be assigned. We should add that PATTERNs are nested patterns and more expressive than regular expressions (or finite automata) [9]. This differentiates our wo ...
... find matches in the PTs of the sentences in the text. The RESULT parts indicate how the MPs should be generated and to which node they should be assigned. We should add that PATTERNs are nested patterns and more expressive than regular expressions (or finite automata) [9]. This differentiates our wo ...
Inversion
... The main empirical area studied in this work concerns inversion structures involving a subject which linearly follows the inflected verb, displaying the word order VS. Seemingly unrelated structures involving reordering of complements (in the sense of Belletti & Shlonsky (1995); B&S, henceforth) wil ...
... The main empirical area studied in this work concerns inversion structures involving a subject which linearly follows the inflected verb, displaying the word order VS. Seemingly unrelated structures involving reordering of complements (in the sense of Belletti & Shlonsky (1995); B&S, henceforth) wil ...
NON-FINITE AND VERBLESS CLAUSES: TEXTUAL VALUES
... The significance of the thematic structure marked or unmarked, emerges according to Halliday (1994: 61) “when we come to consider the importance of the clause theme in the overall development of the text“. The patterning of the Themes from one sentence to another, thematic progression, on the one ha ...
... The significance of the thematic structure marked or unmarked, emerges according to Halliday (1994: 61) “when we come to consider the importance of the clause theme in the overall development of the text“. The patterning of the Themes from one sentence to another, thematic progression, on the one ha ...
Syntactic recursion and iteration
... The most important type of iteration is structural iteration which is overwhelmingly most frequent. It has no clear semantic task and this too sets it off from the other five types of iterative sequential arrangement which are functionally motivated special cases. The main manifestation of structura ...
... The most important type of iteration is structural iteration which is overwhelmingly most frequent. It has no clear semantic task and this too sets it off from the other five types of iterative sequential arrangement which are functionally motivated special cases. The main manifestation of structura ...
Pictorial English grammar
... The difference between this one and the fifth sentence pattern is that the complement is replaced by the to infinitive. That is, the portion of the to infinitive, go there comes from the sentence, S1 go there (S1: subject). Then the question is: what does S1 imply? In this sentence pattern, the subj ...
... The difference between this one and the fifth sentence pattern is that the complement is replaced by the to infinitive. That is, the portion of the to infinitive, go there comes from the sentence, S1 go there (S1: subject). Then the question is: what does S1 imply? In this sentence pattern, the subj ...
Amanda Pounder
... word-level, have full status as syntactic atoms and participate in syntax as if they were complete. This paper explores how morphological brachylogy or ellipsis ought best to be understood and what the phenomenon reveals about the relations between morphology and other components of grammar. It will ...
... word-level, have full status as syntactic atoms and participate in syntax as if they were complete. This paper explores how morphological brachylogy or ellipsis ought best to be understood and what the phenomenon reveals about the relations between morphology and other components of grammar. It will ...
BROKEN FORMS IN MORPHOLOGY
... itself and the morphological structures involved. We have called the phenomenon morphological ellipsis or brachylogy; the latter term is less familiar, but is preferable due to the wide range of phenomena to which “ellipsis” is applied in modern linguistics and to their original meanings in Greek rh ...
... itself and the morphological structures involved. We have called the phenomenon morphological ellipsis or brachylogy; the latter term is less familiar, but is preferable due to the wide range of phenomena to which “ellipsis” is applied in modern linguistics and to their original meanings in Greek rh ...
Life after PCFGs? 1 Problems with CFGs 2 CFGs and features
... As you have seen, the number of such rules explodes combinatorially when we have to include each new feature. This is bad for two reasons. 1. Since parsing time depends on grammar size, this larger grammar size will slow down parsing (by a factor of the grammar size squared in the worst case). 2. By ...
... As you have seen, the number of such rules explodes combinatorially when we have to include each new feature. This is bad for two reasons. 1. Since parsing time depends on grammar size, this larger grammar size will slow down parsing (by a factor of the grammar size squared in the worst case). 2. By ...
ETCBC Glossary
... beyond the arguments required to create meaning. [C = Cmpl] Complement — an argument other than the object (usually a prepositional phrase), that is required by the verb in order to complete its meaning. (In traditional grammar, this is also called the ‘indirect object’.) [Cj = Conj] Conjunction — a ...
... beyond the arguments required to create meaning. [C = Cmpl] Complement — an argument other than the object (usually a prepositional phrase), that is required by the verb in order to complete its meaning. (In traditional grammar, this is also called the ‘indirect object’.) [Cj = Conj] Conjunction — a ...
HSK Grammatical relations Primus
... syntactic relations. Common to all approaches to grammatical relations is that they have been considered to be relationships between two elements of a clause, so that subject is only a short term for the subject of the predicate or the subject of the clause. Traditionally, grammatical relations are ...
... syntactic relations. Common to all approaches to grammatical relations is that they have been considered to be relationships between two elements of a clause, so that subject is only a short term for the subject of the predicate or the subject of the clause. Traditionally, grammatical relations are ...
CHAPTER 2 THE ORIGIN OF LIGHT VERBS
... of the light verb and the event structure. The insight in HK's proposal is the hypothesis that event structures are directly correlated with syntactic structures. The problems include the following. First, HK-Chomsky's hypothesis that event structures are completely determined by the syntactic struc ...
... of the light verb and the event structure. The insight in HK's proposal is the hypothesis that event structures are directly correlated with syntactic structures. The problems include the following. First, HK-Chomsky's hypothesis that event structures are completely determined by the syntactic struc ...
Categorization and Category Change
... main classes are either treated as mixed categories (e.g., gerunds, participles, infinitives), or as functional categories. Baker (2003) takes this latter position for prepositions, for instance. As defined by Abney (1987) functional categories are closed classes, they are phonologically and/or morp ...
... main classes are either treated as mixed categories (e.g., gerunds, participles, infinitives), or as functional categories. Baker (2003) takes this latter position for prepositions, for instance. As defined by Abney (1987) functional categories are closed classes, they are phonologically and/or morp ...
Grammar-Sentences Unit File
... EXAMPLE: That house was sold, but we found another one that we liked. ...
... EXAMPLE: That house was sold, but we found another one that we liked. ...
Relative Clauses - RISD Writing Center
... pronoun that correctly conveys the meaning of both words. Insert “who” after “man” because “was fishing” is not the verb of the sentence but should be a relative clause. Replace “which” with “whom” because the relative clause describes people, not party; insert a comma after “party” because this is ...
... pronoun that correctly conveys the meaning of both words. Insert “who” after “man” because “was fishing” is not the verb of the sentence but should be a relative clause. Replace “which” with “whom” because the relative clause describes people, not party; insert a comma after “party” because this is ...
A Comparative Study of the Globally Ambiguous
... unique way, which means that one and the same element must be syntactically accepted; thus the order of the sentence decoding of the above-mentioned kind has to be processed one by one in order of “1-2-3-4-5”. The followings are the sentences of this kind of data structures. Sentence 4: The new sing ...
... unique way, which means that one and the same element must be syntactically accepted; thus the order of the sentence decoding of the above-mentioned kind has to be processed one by one in order of “1-2-3-4-5”. The followings are the sentences of this kind of data structures. Sentence 4: The new sing ...
Linguistically Annotated Corpus as an Invaluable Resource for
... to linguistics by N. Chomsky. The FGD framework was formulated as a generative description that was conceived of as a multi-level system proceeding from linguistic function (meaning) to linguistic form (expression), that is from the generation of a deep syntactico-semantic representation of the sent ...
... to linguistics by N. Chomsky. The FGD framework was formulated as a generative description that was conceived of as a multi-level system proceeding from linguistic function (meaning) to linguistic form (expression), that is from the generation of a deep syntactico-semantic representation of the sent ...
In this paper we investigate the possibility to insert an additional
... The claim that communicative dynamism corresponds to the surface word order, hence the place of the word (or node) could be significant for its information value cannot be adopted directly for the analysis of Bulgarian data. The word order as a basic formal criterion cannot be used because the const ...
... The claim that communicative dynamism corresponds to the surface word order, hence the place of the word (or node) could be significant for its information value cannot be adopted directly for the analysis of Bulgarian data. The word order as a basic formal criterion cannot be used because the const ...
Lesson 7
... A group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with its objet is a prepositional phrase. The cause of this sudden explosion remains a mystery. The prepositional phrase begins with the preposition of and ends with its object _ explosion _. ...
... A group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with its objet is a prepositional phrase. The cause of this sudden explosion remains a mystery. The prepositional phrase begins with the preposition of and ends with its object _ explosion _. ...
Word Order - Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft
... One of the primary ways in which languages differ from one another is in the order of constituents, or, as it is most commonly termed, their word order. When people refer to the word order of a language, they often are referring specifically to the order of subject, object, and verb with respect to ...
... One of the primary ways in which languages differ from one another is in the order of constituents, or, as it is most commonly termed, their word order. When people refer to the word order of a language, they often are referring specifically to the order of subject, object, and verb with respect to ...
Reviewing Basic Sentence Patterns
... We moved the…to the kitchen. The missing word in this sentence would be a (subject complement, direct object). ...
... We moved the…to the kitchen. The missing word in this sentence would be a (subject complement, direct object). ...
Prosody Drives the Syntax: O`odham Rhythm
... clear. First, this will allow us to capture the interactions between phonology and syntax by interleaving the two. Second, we have seen that restrictions in TO are not inviolable; rather, violations may occur, but only under certain contexts. 5. The Analysis Let us briefly review the facts. First, t ...
... clear. First, this will allow us to capture the interactions between phonology and syntax by interleaving the two. Second, we have seen that restrictions in TO are not inviolable; rather, violations may occur, but only under certain contexts. 5. The Analysis Let us briefly review the facts. First, t ...
Antisymmetry
In linguistics, antisymmetry is a theory of syntactic linearization presented in Richard Kayne's 1994 monograph The Antisymmetry of Syntax. The crux of this theory is that hierarchical structure in natural language maps universally onto a particular surface linearization, namely specifier-head-complement branching order. The theory derives a version of X-bar theory. Kayne hypothesizes that all phrases whose surface order is not specifier-head-complement have undergone movements that disrupt this underlying order. Subsequently, there have also been attempts at deriving specifier-complement-head as the basic word order.Antisymmetry as a principle of word order is reliant on assumptions that many theories of syntax dispute, e.g. constituency structure (as opposed to dependency structure), X-bar notions such as specifier and complement, and the existence of ordering altering mechanisms such as movement and/or copying.