Copenhagen, 2009 changes in ocean`s T, S, oxygen
... Moving towards the IPCC AR5 Equal attention should be given to global-reaching changes originating in the Antarctic/Southern Ocean (e.g. deep heat content increases – Johnson et al., Kawano et al.) Analysis in terms of global redistributions, not just meridional changes Apparent trends based on dec ...
... Moving towards the IPCC AR5 Equal attention should be given to global-reaching changes originating in the Antarctic/Southern Ocean (e.g. deep heat content increases – Johnson et al., Kawano et al.) Analysis in terms of global redistributions, not just meridional changes Apparent trends based on dec ...
The role of phytoplankton in the carbon cycle
... dioxide. Carbon uptake by phytoplankton, and its export as organic matter to the ocean interior (a mechanism known as the ‘biological pump’) lowers the partial pressure of CO2 in the upper waters and facilitates the diffusive drawdown of atmospheric CO2. However, precipitation of calcium carbonate b ...
... dioxide. Carbon uptake by phytoplankton, and its export as organic matter to the ocean interior (a mechanism known as the ‘biological pump’) lowers the partial pressure of CO2 in the upper waters and facilitates the diffusive drawdown of atmospheric CO2. However, precipitation of calcium carbonate b ...
ocean currents - Team Strength
... hydrosphere is what separates us from the other planets. Earth’s vast quantities of water make life as we know it possible About 70% of Earth’s surface is covered in water - most of which is found in the oceans ...
... hydrosphere is what separates us from the other planets. Earth’s vast quantities of water make life as we know it possible About 70% of Earth’s surface is covered in water - most of which is found in the oceans ...
16_3eIG
... 1. Provide students with information about a marine sanctuary found in or near your region. There are a growing number of sanctuaries in the United States, and information about them can be found at www.sanctuaries.nos.noaa.gov. 2. This chapter introduces several ocean habitats, such as mangroves an ...
... 1. Provide students with information about a marine sanctuary found in or near your region. There are a growing number of sanctuaries in the United States, and information about them can be found at www.sanctuaries.nos.noaa.gov. 2. This chapter introduces several ocean habitats, such as mangroves an ...
10 Principles For High Seas Governance
... The ocean is a unique, extraordinary and vital element of our planet, covering more than 70 per cent of its surface. It sustains life on Earth by generating oxygen, absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, regulating climate and temperature and providing a substantial portion of the global popu ...
... The ocean is a unique, extraordinary and vital element of our planet, covering more than 70 per cent of its surface. It sustains life on Earth by generating oxygen, absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, regulating climate and temperature and providing a substantial portion of the global popu ...
Chapter 13: PELAGIC COMMUNITIES
... Chondrichthyes—the group that includes sharks, skates, rays, and chimaeras—have a skeleton made of a tough, elastic tissue called cartilage. Though there is some calcification in the cartilaginous skeleton, true bone is entirely absent from this group. These fish have jaws with teeth, paired fins, ...
... Chondrichthyes—the group that includes sharks, skates, rays, and chimaeras—have a skeleton made of a tough, elastic tissue called cartilage. Though there is some calcification in the cartilaginous skeleton, true bone is entirely absent from this group. These fish have jaws with teeth, paired fins, ...
5-3.2 - S2TEM Centers SC
... this grade. This concept will be further studied in high school Earth Science. It is essential for students to know that the ocean floor contains geologic structures. These features can be illustrated using words descriptions, pictures, or diagrams. These landforms include: Continental shelf The e ...
... this grade. This concept will be further studied in high school Earth Science. It is essential for students to know that the ocean floor contains geologic structures. These features can be illustrated using words descriptions, pictures, or diagrams. These landforms include: Continental shelf The e ...
Chapter One
... 1) Landforms- The shore line of South America would fit with the Africa shore. Mnts. In South Africa line up wit Mnts is Argentina. Coal fields in Brazil match with coal fields in Africa. 2) Fern-like fossils have been found in Africa, South America, Australia, India, Antarctica 3) Continents were e ...
... 1) Landforms- The shore line of South America would fit with the Africa shore. Mnts. In South Africa line up wit Mnts is Argentina. Coal fields in Brazil match with coal fields in Africa. 2) Fern-like fossils have been found in Africa, South America, Australia, India, Antarctica 3) Continents were e ...
Vocabulary Quiz #26 4/4/11- 4/8/11
... Vocabulary Quiz #26 4/4/11- 4/8/11 1. continental drift- the hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth’s surface. 2. convection currents- the movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that transfers thermal energy from one place to another. 3. mid-ocean ridge- the unde ...
... Vocabulary Quiz #26 4/4/11- 4/8/11 1. continental drift- the hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth’s surface. 2. convection currents- the movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that transfers thermal energy from one place to another. 3. mid-ocean ridge- the unde ...
PowerPoint Presentation - No Slide Title
... Temperature differences are key in driving the global atmospheric circulation. Warm air tends to rise because it is light, while cold air tends to sink because it is dense. This sets the atmosphere in motion. The tropical circulation is a good example of this. ...
... Temperature differences are key in driving the global atmospheric circulation. Warm air tends to rise because it is light, while cold air tends to sink because it is dense. This sets the atmosphere in motion. The tropical circulation is a good example of this. ...
Introduction to “Ecological and biogeochemical interactions in the
... The deep sea, a vast, dark realm featuring distinctive organisms and serving as a massive reservoir of carbon, is the largest and least explored ecosystem on Earth (Fig. 1). At a time when the ocean is responding to anthropogenic forcings (Sabine et al., 2004; Richardson, 2008; Doney et al., 2009), ...
... The deep sea, a vast, dark realm featuring distinctive organisms and serving as a massive reservoir of carbon, is the largest and least explored ecosystem on Earth (Fig. 1). At a time when the ocean is responding to anthropogenic forcings (Sabine et al., 2004; Richardson, 2008; Doney et al., 2009), ...
Plate Tectonics - Cloudfront.net
... – Alfred Wegener proposed that the continents were moving on a more fluid layer under the crust that could possibly be moving due to internal heat . . . ...
... – Alfred Wegener proposed that the continents were moving on a more fluid layer under the crust that could possibly be moving due to internal heat . . . ...
Climate Change and Oregon`s Nearshore Open Water Habitat
... which are interconnected through physical, chemical, biological, geological, and human use factors. Open water habitats are very important to the ecology of the nearshore ocean. This is where plankton, freefloating organisms that provide food for many marine organisms, live1. Phytoplankton, microsco ...
... which are interconnected through physical, chemical, biological, geological, and human use factors. Open water habitats are very important to the ecology of the nearshore ocean. This is where plankton, freefloating organisms that provide food for many marine organisms, live1. Phytoplankton, microsco ...
No Slide Title
... • Such a configuration exerted tremendous influence on the world's climate – resulted in generally arid conditions over large parts of Pangaea's interior ...
... • Such a configuration exerted tremendous influence on the world's climate – resulted in generally arid conditions over large parts of Pangaea's interior ...
Plate Tectonics Chapter Challenge sample
... Temperature affects the density of materials. As rocks in Earth’s mantle are heated enough, their density increases. The less dense rock rises to the surface slowly over time. When plates of the lithosphere diverge, lava oozes out of the cracks, creating new seafloor. As the lithospheric plates con ...
... Temperature affects the density of materials. As rocks in Earth’s mantle are heated enough, their density increases. The less dense rock rises to the surface slowly over time. When plates of the lithosphere diverge, lava oozes out of the cracks, creating new seafloor. As the lithospheric plates con ...
Primary productivity
... – Other levels = 10% Comparison between a food chain and a food web Biomass pyramid • At each step up the pyramid, there is/are: – Larger organisms – Fewer individuals – A smaller total biomass Ecosystems and fisheries • Fishery = fish caught from the ocean by commercial fishers • Largest proportion ...
... – Other levels = 10% Comparison between a food chain and a food web Biomass pyramid • At each step up the pyramid, there is/are: – Larger organisms – Fewer individuals – A smaller total biomass Ecosystems and fisheries • Fishery = fish caught from the ocean by commercial fishers • Largest proportion ...
Chapter 8 Plate Tectonics With Video
... 4. Climatic patterns shown by rock layers: Some rock types only form in certain climates, for example coal, which forms in warm, very wet (rainy) environments. If coal is found in a place that is not warm and rainy, then either the climate has changed or the rock has moved. ...
... 4. Climatic patterns shown by rock layers: Some rock types only form in certain climates, for example coal, which forms in warm, very wet (rainy) environments. If coal is found in a place that is not warm and rainy, then either the climate has changed or the rock has moved. ...
Response to EPA Notice of Call for Public Comment on 303(d) Program and Ocean Acidification from the Ocean Carbon and
... carbonate mineral, emerging from ongoing studies will enable new conclusions about biological responses to acidification to be applied as they emerge from present studies and programs (reviewed below in response to 2a). a. What surface water monitoring methods and programs are available to States to ...
... carbonate mineral, emerging from ongoing studies will enable new conclusions about biological responses to acidification to be applied as they emerge from present studies and programs (reviewed below in response to 2a). a. What surface water monitoring methods and programs are available to States to ...
LAB 4-3: Seafloor Spreading
... Nearly three-quarters of the earth’s lithosphere lies beneath the ocean. As a result, much of it is hidden from direct view making it difficult for scientists to study. Recent advances in technology along with underwater research vessels have allowed scientists to create detailed maps of the ocean f ...
... Nearly three-quarters of the earth’s lithosphere lies beneath the ocean. As a result, much of it is hidden from direct view making it difficult for scientists to study. Recent advances in technology along with underwater research vessels have allowed scientists to create detailed maps of the ocean f ...
The last frontier on Earth - Centre for International Law
... The mine site that OMS applied for was originally half of a larger mine site that UKSRL had applied for. Under the convention, UKSRL was obliged to give up half the mine site to the ISA as a "reserved area" for the benefit of developing countries. As a developing country, Singapore is therefore enti ...
... The mine site that OMS applied for was originally half of a larger mine site that UKSRL had applied for. Under the convention, UKSRL was obliged to give up half the mine site to the ISA as a "reserved area" for the benefit of developing countries. As a developing country, Singapore is therefore enti ...
Unit 2 Test
... Smoothest part of the ocean The ocean that is getting wider What oceanic crust is made of How oceanic crust compares to continental crust Theory that continents were once joined together & broke apart Submerged part of the continent Feature at the base of a continent composed of sediments eroded fro ...
... Smoothest part of the ocean The ocean that is getting wider What oceanic crust is made of How oceanic crust compares to continental crust Theory that continents were once joined together & broke apart Submerged part of the continent Feature at the base of a continent composed of sediments eroded fro ...
Atmosphere and Ocean Circulation
... Temperature differences are key in driving the global atmospheric circulation. Warm air tends to rise because it is light, while cold air tends to sink because it is dense. This sets the atmosphere in motion. The tropical circulation is a good example of this. ...
... Temperature differences are key in driving the global atmospheric circulation. Warm air tends to rise because it is light, while cold air tends to sink because it is dense. This sets the atmosphere in motion. The tropical circulation is a good example of this. ...
Ch19 & 20 Review2
... If sonar is used to measure the depth in a particular area of the ocean and the time it took for the waves to hit the ocean floor and then the surface of the ocean was 3.9 seconds and the speed is 1400 ft/sec, what is the depth. ...
... If sonar is used to measure the depth in a particular area of the ocean and the time it took for the waves to hit the ocean floor and then the surface of the ocean was 3.9 seconds and the speed is 1400 ft/sec, what is the depth. ...
Ocean acidification
Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. An estimated 30–40% of the carbon dioxide from human activity released into the atmosphere dissolves into oceans, rivers and lakes. To achieve chemical equilibrium, some of it reacts with the water to form carbonic acid. Some of these extra carbonic acid molecules react with a water molecule to give a bicarbonate ion and a hydronium ion, thus increasing ocean acidity (H+ ion concentration). Between 1751 and 1994 surface ocean pH is estimated to have decreased from approximately 8.25 to 8.14, representing an increase of almost 30% in H+ ion concentration in the world's oceans. Since current and projected ocean pH levels are above 7.0, the oceans are technically alkaline now and will remain so; referring to this effect as ""decreasing ocean alkalinity"" would be equally correct if less politically useful. Earth System Models project that within the last decade ocean acidity exceeded historical analogs and in combination with other ocean biogeochemical changes could undermine the functioning of marine ecosystems and disrupt the provision of many goods and services associated with the ocean.Increasing acidity is thought to have a range of possibly harmful consequences, such as depressing metabolic rates and immune responses in some organisms, and causing coral bleaching. This also causes decreasing oxygen levels as it kills off algae.Other chemical reactions are triggered which result in a net decrease in the amount of carbonate ions available. This makes it more difficult for marine calcifying organisms, such as coral and some plankton, to form biogenic calcium carbonate, and such structures become vulnerable to dissolution. Ongoing acidification of the oceans threatens food chains connected with the oceans. As members of the InterAcademy Panel, 105 science academies have issued a statement on ocean acidification recommending that by 2050, global CO2 emissions be reduced by at least 50% compared to the 1990 level.Ocean acidification has been called the ""evil twin of global warming"" and ""the other CO2 problem"".Ocean acidification has occurred previously in Earth's history. The most notable example is the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), which occurred approximately 56 million years ago. For reasons that are currently uncertain, massive amounts of carbon entered the ocean and atmosphere, and led to the dissolution of carbonate sediments in all ocean basins.