Plate Tectonics - Nogales High School
... part of a single landmass called a supercontinent. This supercontinent began to break up into smaller continents about 250 million years ago. ...
... part of a single landmass called a supercontinent. This supercontinent began to break up into smaller continents about 250 million years ago. ...
Chapter 13 Exploring the Oceans
... could vary from above 100°C to below ⫺100°C in a single day! Such large temperature changes could cause a lot of severe weather. Life as we know it could not exist in these conditions. The ocean can also affect the climate of different areas. Remember that ocean water at the equator is warmer than o ...
... could vary from above 100°C to below ⫺100°C in a single day! Such large temperature changes could cause a lot of severe weather. Life as we know it could not exist in these conditions. The ocean can also affect the climate of different areas. Remember that ocean water at the equator is warmer than o ...
Seafloor Spreading
... Until the mid-1900s, many scientists thought that the ocean floors were essentially flat and that oceanic crust was unchanging and was much older than continental crust. Advances in technology during the 1940s and 1950s showed that all of these widely accepted ideas were incorrect. ...
... Until the mid-1900s, many scientists thought that the ocean floors were essentially flat and that oceanic crust was unchanging and was much older than continental crust. Advances in technology during the 1940s and 1950s showed that all of these widely accepted ideas were incorrect. ...
Insert overline, title and author names here after formatting
... vehicle (ROV) Kaiko to explore and sample a dense, chemosyntheticReality caught up with fiction on 23 January 1960, when U.S. Navy based community dominated by a previously undescribed species of a Lieutenant Don Walsh and Swiss engineer and oceanographer Jacques Piccard descended in the bathyscaphe ...
... vehicle (ROV) Kaiko to explore and sample a dense, chemosyntheticReality caught up with fiction on 23 January 1960, when U.S. Navy based community dominated by a previously undescribed species of a Lieutenant Don Walsh and Swiss engineer and oceanographer Jacques Piccard descended in the bathyscaphe ...
Ocean Basins
... moves away from ridge axis in both directions Abyssal basins older, colder ocean crust water depth – 4000-6000 m (only trenches are deeper) abyssal hills, include rough relief from volcanic formation abyssal plains, smooth surface due to burial by sediment Continental margins created by sediment fro ...
... moves away from ridge axis in both directions Abyssal basins older, colder ocean crust water depth – 4000-6000 m (only trenches are deeper) abyssal hills, include rough relief from volcanic formation abyssal plains, smooth surface due to burial by sediment Continental margins created by sediment fro ...
PPT
... moves away from ridge axis in both directions Abyssal basins older, colder ocean crust water depth – 4000-6000 m (only trenches are deeper) abyssal hills, include rough relief from volcanic formation abyssal plains, smooth surface due to burial by sediment Continental margins created by sediment fro ...
... moves away from ridge axis in both directions Abyssal basins older, colder ocean crust water depth – 4000-6000 m (only trenches are deeper) abyssal hills, include rough relief from volcanic formation abyssal plains, smooth surface due to burial by sediment Continental margins created by sediment fro ...
... Maintaining overall ecosystem health requires an improved understanding of biological diversity on different levels, including genetic diversity (the variety of genetic traits within a single species), species diversity (the number of species within an ecosystem), and ecosystem diversity (the number ...
Connecting Changing Ocean Circulation with Changing Climate
... The influence of changing ocean currents on climate change is evaluated by comparing an earth system model’s response to increased CO2 with and without an ocean circulation response. Inhibiting the ocean circulation response, by specifying a seasonally varying preindustrial climatology of currents, ...
... The influence of changing ocean currents on climate change is evaluated by comparing an earth system model’s response to increased CO2 with and without an ocean circulation response. Inhibiting the ocean circulation response, by specifying a seasonally varying preindustrial climatology of currents, ...
Lozier 2010 - Sites@Duke
... study finds that most of the subpolar-to- has actually been under way for a number of subtropics and equatorward (15, 16). Although subtropical exchange in the North Atlantic years. As pointed out in 2002 (14), the conveyor the geochemical tracers in this DWBC conoccurs along interior pathways (9), ...
... study finds that most of the subpolar-to- has actually been under way for a number of subtropics and equatorward (15, 16). Although subtropical exchange in the North Atlantic years. As pointed out in 2002 (14), the conveyor the geochemical tracers in this DWBC conoccurs along interior pathways (9), ...
Content and Abstracts. - Census of Marine Life Secretariat
... Received 6 December 2004; revised 6 January 2005This paper summarizes what is known of the coastal and marine biodiversity of the Indian seas and their various ecosystems, from past literature, museum records and other lesser-known sources of information. The synthesis suggests that the number of sp ...
... Received 6 December 2004; revised 6 January 2005This paper summarizes what is known of the coastal and marine biodiversity of the Indian seas and their various ecosystems, from past literature, museum records and other lesser-known sources of information. The synthesis suggests that the number of sp ...
Biological Oceanography
... Allochthonous DOM comes from land. It may be transported to oceans by water or the atmosphere. The flows from land include rivers and groundwater, which may be significant in coastal and estuarine areas. There is also significant atmospheric transport of continental DOM into the ocean. It follows th ...
... Allochthonous DOM comes from land. It may be transported to oceans by water or the atmosphere. The flows from land include rivers and groundwater, which may be significant in coastal and estuarine areas. There is also significant atmospheric transport of continental DOM into the ocean. It follows th ...
APPLICATION FOR CONSENT TO CONDUCT MARINE SCIENTIFIC
... circulation. In collaboration with the UK RAPID program ''Eirik Ridge'' project (PI: S. Bacon, Southampton Oceanographic Center, UK), we plan to moor an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (300 kHz) and 4 currentmeter lines fully equiped with currentmeters and temperature sensors, respectively 23, 48, ...
... circulation. In collaboration with the UK RAPID program ''Eirik Ridge'' project (PI: S. Bacon, Southampton Oceanographic Center, UK), we plan to moor an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (300 kHz) and 4 currentmeter lines fully equiped with currentmeters and temperature sensors, respectively 23, 48, ...
Marine Geophysics
... 1. Ridge push is attributed to the cooling and thickening of the oceanic lithosphere with age. 2. This type of force can be thought of as created by the horizontal pressure gradient attributable to the cooling and thickening of the oceanic lithosphere, 3. and its magnitude can be determined by the r ...
... 1. Ridge push is attributed to the cooling and thickening of the oceanic lithosphere with age. 2. This type of force can be thought of as created by the horizontal pressure gradient attributable to the cooling and thickening of the oceanic lithosphere, 3. and its magnitude can be determined by the r ...
English PDF
... providing scientific knowledge, our research facilitates cooperation and communication among experts and stakeholders across the country, while also creating jobs and training opportunities for the next generation of Canadian problem solvers. ...
... providing scientific knowledge, our research facilitates cooperation and communication among experts and stakeholders across the country, while also creating jobs and training opportunities for the next generation of Canadian problem solvers. ...
Isotopic Tools for Protecting the Seas
... Two years later, the IAEA, with support from Monaco’s government, established the Inter national Laboratory of Marine Radioactivity, dedicated to building knowledge about the behaviour of radionuclides in the seas and promoting use of nuclear and isotopic techniques in protecting the marine envi ...
... Two years later, the IAEA, with support from Monaco’s government, established the Inter national Laboratory of Marine Radioactivity, dedicated to building knowledge about the behaviour of radionuclides in the seas and promoting use of nuclear and isotopic techniques in protecting the marine envi ...
Observing climate change trends in ocean biogeochemistry: when
... in a myriad of ways. Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration results in a lowering of ocean pH which may, amongst other effects, impair the viability of calcareous organisms (Doney et al., 2012). Warmer temperatures will tend to increase ocean stratification, restricting the supply of nutrients to ...
... in a myriad of ways. Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration results in a lowering of ocean pH which may, amongst other effects, impair the viability of calcareous organisms (Doney et al., 2012). Warmer temperatures will tend to increase ocean stratification, restricting the supply of nutrients to ...
Climate-induced oceanic oxygen fluxes: Implications for the
... ocean sink was 1.9 ± 0.6 and 1.7 ± 0.6 Pg C yr1 in the 1980s and the 1990s, respectively, whereas ocean models give larger values in the 1990s compared to the 1980s [Orr et al., 2001]. [3] There is now increasing evidence that the ocean is warming and will continue to warm in the coming decades [Ho ...
... ocean sink was 1.9 ± 0.6 and 1.7 ± 0.6 Pg C yr1 in the 1980s and the 1990s, respectively, whereas ocean models give larger values in the 1990s compared to the 1980s [Orr et al., 2001]. [3] There is now increasing evidence that the ocean is warming and will continue to warm in the coming decades [Ho ...
4 Bedford Institute of Oceanogeaphy I`Institut oceanographique de
... Studies using clean laboratory techniques have been carried out by the Institute of Ocean Science to assess the natural and anthropogenic inputs of physiologically significant metals into the marine environment. Mercury in Saanich Inlet and in Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic Ocean waters is being stud ...
... Studies using clean laboratory techniques have been carried out by the Institute of Ocean Science to assess the natural and anthropogenic inputs of physiologically significant metals into the marine environment. Mercury in Saanich Inlet and in Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic Ocean waters is being stud ...
File
... fern that resembled low shrubs, have been found on many continents, indicating that the areas had a single climate that was close to the equator. ...
... fern that resembled low shrubs, have been found on many continents, indicating that the areas had a single climate that was close to the equator. ...
EPOC 2014 program - Eastern Pacific Ocean Conference
... saturation state <1 on the continental shelf off Washington and Oregon has been previously identified and could have profound ecological consequences for benthic and pelagic calcifying organisms such as mussels, oysters, abalone, echinoderms, and pteropods. During the late summer months of 2011, 201 ...
... saturation state <1 on the continental shelf off Washington and Oregon has been previously identified and could have profound ecological consequences for benthic and pelagic calcifying organisms such as mussels, oysters, abalone, echinoderms, and pteropods. During the late summer months of 2011, 201 ...
D N O P
... areas; and public health threats now shown to emanate from a warming ocean. With modern technological advances, we have the opportunity, urged by many presenters, to develop truly integrated ocean and coastal observing and prediction systems that are more sophisticated than ever before . . . but wi ...
... areas; and public health threats now shown to emanate from a warming ocean. With modern technological advances, we have the opportunity, urged by many presenters, to develop truly integrated ocean and coastal observing and prediction systems that are more sophisticated than ever before . . . but wi ...
Organic Geochemistry - DISL Sharepoint Site
... evacuations for coastal communities by 8 p.m. Sunday. (AP Photo/Gerry Broome) ...
... evacuations for coastal communities by 8 p.m. Sunday. (AP Photo/Gerry Broome) ...
Langmuir circulations and enhanced turbulence beneath wind
... measurements from the 5oS ADCP section (175 m to 225 m depth) in March and April 2000 (Stramma et al., 2003). Snap-shots of the meridional velocity (v) from modeling along transects T11 and T21 are presented in Figures 8 and 10. These transects are situated near 11oS and 21oS, respectively. Positiv ...
... measurements from the 5oS ADCP section (175 m to 225 m depth) in March and April 2000 (Stramma et al., 2003). Snap-shots of the meridional velocity (v) from modeling along transects T11 and T21 are presented in Figures 8 and 10. These transects are situated near 11oS and 21oS, respectively. Positiv ...
IOC/SC-WESTPAC
... Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, the Natural Science Foundation of China and the Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, systematic observations in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean are carried out during four cruises from 2014 to 2016 conducted by OU ...
... Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, the Natural Science Foundation of China and the Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, systematic observations in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean are carried out during four cruises from 2014 to 2016 conducted by OU ...
Ocean acidification
Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. An estimated 30–40% of the carbon dioxide from human activity released into the atmosphere dissolves into oceans, rivers and lakes. To achieve chemical equilibrium, some of it reacts with the water to form carbonic acid. Some of these extra carbonic acid molecules react with a water molecule to give a bicarbonate ion and a hydronium ion, thus increasing ocean acidity (H+ ion concentration). Between 1751 and 1994 surface ocean pH is estimated to have decreased from approximately 8.25 to 8.14, representing an increase of almost 30% in H+ ion concentration in the world's oceans. Since current and projected ocean pH levels are above 7.0, the oceans are technically alkaline now and will remain so; referring to this effect as ""decreasing ocean alkalinity"" would be equally correct if less politically useful. Earth System Models project that within the last decade ocean acidity exceeded historical analogs and in combination with other ocean biogeochemical changes could undermine the functioning of marine ecosystems and disrupt the provision of many goods and services associated with the ocean.Increasing acidity is thought to have a range of possibly harmful consequences, such as depressing metabolic rates and immune responses in some organisms, and causing coral bleaching. This also causes decreasing oxygen levels as it kills off algae.Other chemical reactions are triggered which result in a net decrease in the amount of carbonate ions available. This makes it more difficult for marine calcifying organisms, such as coral and some plankton, to form biogenic calcium carbonate, and such structures become vulnerable to dissolution. Ongoing acidification of the oceans threatens food chains connected with the oceans. As members of the InterAcademy Panel, 105 science academies have issued a statement on ocean acidification recommending that by 2050, global CO2 emissions be reduced by at least 50% compared to the 1990 level.Ocean acidification has been called the ""evil twin of global warming"" and ""the other CO2 problem"".Ocean acidification has occurred previously in Earth's history. The most notable example is the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), which occurred approximately 56 million years ago. For reasons that are currently uncertain, massive amounts of carbon entered the ocean and atmosphere, and led to the dissolution of carbonate sediments in all ocean basins.