Quantitative Assessment of Climate Carrying Capacity for Cities: A
... system constitute a loop linking energy consumption behavior with underlying surface changes, as shown in Fig. 1. Initially, fossil fuel energy is consumed in the process of socioeconomic development, which produces large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that have led to climate ...
... system constitute a loop linking energy consumption behavior with underlying surface changes, as shown in Fig. 1. Initially, fossil fuel energy is consumed in the process of socioeconomic development, which produces large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that have led to climate ...
pdf Antarctic Research Centre File size
... terms of research outcomes. Peerreviewed scientific publications reached an all-time record of 47 and included publications in leading journals such as Nature (1), Nature Geoscience (3), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Geology, Quaternary Science Reviews, Geophysical Research Letter ...
... terms of research outcomes. Peerreviewed scientific publications reached an all-time record of 47 and included publications in leading journals such as Nature (1), Nature Geoscience (3), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Geology, Quaternary Science Reviews, Geophysical Research Letter ...
Human Development Report 2007/2008 Climate Change and
... from prolonged droughts, which contribute to desertification processes, and droughts are predicted to increase under current climate change scenarios. Viet Nam is located along the northwest Pacific Ocean’s typhoon route and is one of the ten countries worldwide considered most vulnerable to tropica ...
... from prolonged droughts, which contribute to desertification processes, and droughts are predicted to increase under current climate change scenarios. Viet Nam is located along the northwest Pacific Ocean’s typhoon route and is one of the ten countries worldwide considered most vulnerable to tropica ...
674_0 - Global Environment Facility
... these problems and root causes to any of the four broad groupings of climate change issuesscience, vulnerability, adaptation, and mitigation. It is found that each of the issues can be linked to least one of these groupings, and the UNFCCC covers well these groupings. We found that they indeed apply ...
... these problems and root causes to any of the four broad groupings of climate change issuesscience, vulnerability, adaptation, and mitigation. It is found that each of the issues can be linked to least one of these groupings, and the UNFCCC covers well these groupings. We found that they indeed apply ...
Characterizing and attributing the warming trend in sea and land
... natural variability represented by physical modes such as AMO, NAO and PDO (Li et al. 2013; Trenberth and Fasullo 2013; Steinman et al. 2015; Guan et al. 2015). These modes can mask the warming trend and to create the impression of a slowdown in the underlying warming trend. However, it is important ...
... natural variability represented by physical modes such as AMO, NAO and PDO (Li et al. 2013; Trenberth and Fasullo 2013; Steinman et al. 2015; Guan et al. 2015). These modes can mask the warming trend and to create the impression of a slowdown in the underlying warming trend. However, it is important ...
DISCUSSION PAPER: Cross Cutting Climate Change
... and storms – have increased at an alarming rate. People living in poverty will suffer first and worst from climate change. The cost of taking action now will be much less than the cost of dealing with the consequences later.” Report of the HLP of Eminent Persons on the Post-2015 Development Agenda’ ...
... and storms – have increased at an alarming rate. People living in poverty will suffer first and worst from climate change. The cost of taking action now will be much less than the cost of dealing with the consequences later.” Report of the HLP of Eminent Persons on the Post-2015 Development Agenda’ ...
Yurok Tribe and Climate Change:
... To provide summary information, research findings and Tribal staff /community recommendations to Yurok Tribal leadership , Tribal members, community residents and decision-makers to inform future Yurok Tribe Climate Change research and planning efforts. Methods Used for this Study Background researc ...
... To provide summary information, research findings and Tribal staff /community recommendations to Yurok Tribal leadership , Tribal members, community residents and decision-makers to inform future Yurok Tribe Climate Change research and planning efforts. Methods Used for this Study Background researc ...
The CCPC grew out of the International Council of Local
... institutional and political conditions at higher government levels. Many matters such as the liberalisation of energy markets, lack of funding for research on renewable energy and the failure of national governments to prioritise climate politics, can hinder local work to reduce GHGs. Nevertheless, ...
... institutional and political conditions at higher government levels. Many matters such as the liberalisation of energy markets, lack of funding for research on renewable energy and the failure of national governments to prioritise climate politics, can hinder local work to reduce GHGs. Nevertheless, ...
Target Atmospheric CO2: Where Should Humanity Aim?
... GHG and surface albedo feedbacks respond and contribute to temperature change caused by any climate forcing, natural or human-made, given sufficient time. The GHG feedback is nearly linear in global temperature during the late Pleistocene (Fig. 7 of [6, 28]). Surface albedo feedback increases as Ear ...
... GHG and surface albedo feedbacks respond and contribute to temperature change caused by any climate forcing, natural or human-made, given sufficient time. The GHG feedback is nearly linear in global temperature during the late Pleistocene (Fig. 7 of [6, 28]). Surface albedo feedback increases as Ear ...
A new scenario framework for climate change research: the concept
... be made anyway by individual studies to produce climate policy scenarios. Seen through this lens, SPAs have been used for quite some time, for example, in integrated assessment model inter-comparison studies (e.g. Clarke et al. 2009; Riahi et al. 2014; Kriegler et al. 2014a) that ...
... be made anyway by individual studies to produce climate policy scenarios. Seen through this lens, SPAs have been used for quite some time, for example, in integrated assessment model inter-comparison studies (e.g. Clarke et al. 2009; Riahi et al. 2014; Kriegler et al. 2014a) that ...
Land use/land cover changes and climate: modeling analysis and observational evidence
... parts of the Amazon and Congo have avoided largescale conversion. In terms of climate the question is whether these LULCCs have altered local, regional, and global climate. The next section seeks to address this question using observed data and modeling simulations. Observed data is available for lo ...
... parts of the Amazon and Congo have avoided largescale conversion. In terms of climate the question is whether these LULCCs have altered local, regional, and global climate. The next section seeks to address this question using observed data and modeling simulations. Observed data is available for lo ...
Detectability of Anthropogenic Changes in Annual Temperature and
... Meehl et al. 2000). An increase in intense precipitation is projected under greenhouse warming conditions over large parts of the globe by most models (see Cubasch et al. 2001; Meehl et al. 2000; Kharin and Zwiers 2000, 2004, manuscript submitted to J. Climate, hereafter KZ04; Semenov and Bengtsson ...
... Meehl et al. 2000). An increase in intense precipitation is projected under greenhouse warming conditions over large parts of the globe by most models (see Cubasch et al. 2001; Meehl et al. 2000; Kharin and Zwiers 2000, 2004, manuscript submitted to J. Climate, hereafter KZ04; Semenov and Bengtsson ...
Regional Power Shifts and Climate Knowledge Systems: South
... grated with respect to both state and non‐state initiatives. While there is some danger to the complexity of the GIGA concept, it should serve as an overall framework inside of which more specific approaches can be developed. These may lead to differing results. But as long as the connec ...
... grated with respect to both state and non‐state initiatives. While there is some danger to the complexity of the GIGA concept, it should serve as an overall framework inside of which more specific approaches can be developed. These may lead to differing results. But as long as the connec ...
Adaptation and mitigation: trade-offs in substance and methods Richard S.J. Tol *
... adaptation One question a comparison of mitigation and facilitative adaptation could address is how much the need for facilitative adaptation falls if mitigation is increased. That question is difficult to answer as climate change is so uncertain. Moreover, facilitative adaptation has many other ben ...
... adaptation One question a comparison of mitigation and facilitative adaptation could address is how much the need for facilitative adaptation falls if mitigation is increased. That question is difficult to answer as climate change is so uncertain. Moreover, facilitative adaptation has many other ben ...
Climate Change and Hazard Mitigation Planning
... In accordance with Section 322 of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. §5165), all States must have an approved statewide hazard mitigation plan in place in order to receive federal disaster mitigation funding from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The purpose of these State ...
... In accordance with Section 322 of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. §5165), all States must have an approved statewide hazard mitigation plan in place in order to receive federal disaster mitigation funding from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The purpose of these State ...
Draft 1:Layout 1.qxd - Defenders of Wildlife
... • Loss of tidal, coastal wetland, and estuary habitats. In many cases, a given ecosystem response actually results from a complex interaction of climate change and other factors. For example, changes to fire regimes can be linked not only to rising temperatures but also to increased plant productivi ...
... • Loss of tidal, coastal wetland, and estuary habitats. In many cases, a given ecosystem response actually results from a complex interaction of climate change and other factors. For example, changes to fire regimes can be linked not only to rising temperatures but also to increased plant productivi ...
POLICY ISSUES RELATED TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN SPAIN
... floods, and heat waves). The alarming number of extreme weather events that have occurred during the last five years may be the consequence of climate change and suggest that climate change is resulting in the increase in natural climate disasters, at least in some regions. The IPCC defines climate ...
... floods, and heat waves). The alarming number of extreme weather events that have occurred during the last five years may be the consequence of climate change and suggest that climate change is resulting in the increase in natural climate disasters, at least in some regions. The IPCC defines climate ...
Adapting to Climate Change in Ottawa
... Pearson began by stating that Canada has already experienced climate change with significant warming in the west and northwest up to 2°C and cooling in the east due to the warming of the Arctic and subsequent flow of cold Arctic water along the eastern shore of Canada. Ontario lies in the boundary o ...
... Pearson began by stating that Canada has already experienced climate change with significant warming in the west and northwest up to 2°C and cooling in the east due to the warming of the Arctic and subsequent flow of cold Arctic water along the eastern shore of Canada. Ontario lies in the boundary o ...
A semiparametric multivariate, multisite weather generator with
... Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA. Corresponding author: S. Steinschneider, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 130 Natural Resources Rd., Amherst, MA 01002, USA. (scottsteinschneider@gmail.com) ©2013. American Geophysical Union. A ...
... Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA. Corresponding author: S. Steinschneider, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 130 Natural Resources Rd., Amherst, MA 01002, USA. (scottsteinschneider@gmail.com) ©2013. American Geophysical Union. A ...
Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events
... Following a request from WWF we, as researchers at the Institute for Environmental Studies, have made an assessment of the scientific knowledge concerning climate change and its impacts regarding the weather and weather extremes in particular. ...
... Following a request from WWF we, as researchers at the Institute for Environmental Studies, have made an assessment of the scientific knowledge concerning climate change and its impacts regarding the weather and weather extremes in particular. ...
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON MAIN AGRICULTURE CROPS IN
... and/or the use of monthly data [28], which may not be able to account sufficiently for sub seasonal variability in weather. The validity of empirical methods may be compromised when used with data outside the range for which they were fitted (e.g., climate change). This approach can be used for all ...
... and/or the use of monthly data [28], which may not be able to account sufficiently for sub seasonal variability in weather. The validity of empirical methods may be compromised when used with data outside the range for which they were fitted (e.g., climate change). This approach can be used for all ...
Cost Benefit Analysis of Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation
... many regions across Canada (Lemmen et al., 2008, IPCC, 2014). Over the past sixty years, average air temperature has increased by 1.5 degrees Celsius, with more rapid increases observed in Northern regions of the country (Warren and Lemmen, 2014). In the same time period, Canada's average annual pre ...
... many regions across Canada (Lemmen et al., 2008, IPCC, 2014). Over the past sixty years, average air temperature has increased by 1.5 degrees Celsius, with more rapid increases observed in Northern regions of the country (Warren and Lemmen, 2014). In the same time period, Canada's average annual pre ...
NRDC: Hotter and Drier - The West`s Changed Climate
... changes underway in the West. Since the late 1970s, the basin has warmed more than any other region in the contiguous United States. A new analysis done for this report documents that in years 2003 through 2007, the Colorado River basin was 2.2 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than its 20th century average ...
... changes underway in the West. Since the late 1970s, the basin has warmed more than any other region in the contiguous United States. A new analysis done for this report documents that in years 2003 through 2007, the Colorado River basin was 2.2 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than its 20th century average ...
CLIMATE AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE SUB~ANTARCTIC
... Not only are ocean currents and fronts key components of the climate system; they can be used to delineate the subAntarctic. For the purposes of this paper the sub-Antarctic is considered to extend northwards from the northern limit of the Antarctic, which, according to the Antarctic Treaty System, ...
... Not only are ocean currents and fronts key components of the climate system; they can be used to delineate the subAntarctic. For the purposes of this paper the sub-Antarctic is considered to extend northwards from the northern limit of the Antarctic, which, according to the Antarctic Treaty System, ...
Here - Benjamin Blonder
... under the null expectation (dC(tinf ) . 0) may reflect the outcome of environmental permissiveness, because more climate space is occupied than expected. Alternatively dC(tinf ) . 0 may instead indicate high microclimate variability that is not captured by a broadscale analysis. Environmental disequi ...
... under the null expectation (dC(tinf ) . 0) may reflect the outcome of environmental permissiveness, because more climate space is occupied than expected. Alternatively dC(tinf ) . 0 may instead indicate high microclimate variability that is not captured by a broadscale analysis. Environmental disequi ...
Michael E. Mann
Michael E. Mann (born 1965) is an American climatologist and geophysicist, currently director of the Earth System Science Center at Pennsylvania State University, who has contributed to the scientific understanding of historic climate change based on the temperature record of the past thousand years. He has pioneered techniques to find patterns in past climate change, and to isolate climate signals from ""noisy data"".As lead author of a paper produced in 1998 with co-authors Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes, Mann introduced innovative statistical techniques to find regional variations in a hemispherical climate reconstruction covering the past 600 years. In 1999 the same team used these techniques to produce a reconstruction over the past 1,000 years (MBH99) which was dubbed the ""hockey stick graph"" because of its shape. He was one of 8 lead authors of the ""Observed Climate Variability and Change"" chapter of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Third Scientific Assessment Report published in 2001. A graph based on the MBH99 paper was highlighted in several parts of the report, and was given wide publicity. The IPCC acknowledged that his work, along with that of the many other lead authors and review editors, contributed to the award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize, which was won jointly by the IPCC and Al Gore.He was organizing committee chair for the National Academy of Sciences Frontiers of Science in 2003 and has received a number of honors and awards including selection by Scientific American as one of the fifty leading visionaries in science and technology in 2002. In 2012 he was inducted as a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union and was awarded the Hans Oeschger Medal of the European Geosciences Union. In 2013 he was elected a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society, and awarded the status of distinguished professor in Penn State's College of Earth and Mineral Sciences.Mann is author of more than 160 peer-reviewed and edited publications, and has published two books: Dire Predictions: Understanding Global Warming in 2008 and The Hockey Stick and the Climate Wars: Dispatches from the Front Lines, published in early 2012. In 2013 the European Geosciences Union described his publication record as ""outstanding for a scientist of his relatively young age"". He is also a co-founder and contributor to the climatology blog RealClimate.