The Millennium Development Goals and Climate Change: Taking
... Target the most vulnerable: Funding arrangements should deliver to those that are the poorest and the most vulnerable, as for example the Adaptation Fund has as a strategic priority. Yet governance weaknesses in some developing countries means that many citizens cannot adequately benefit from intern ...
... Target the most vulnerable: Funding arrangements should deliver to those that are the poorest and the most vulnerable, as for example the Adaptation Fund has as a strategic priority. Yet governance weaknesses in some developing countries means that many citizens cannot adequately benefit from intern ...
6 Climate change impacts, adaptation measures and vulnerability
... or municipal level for quite a long time, though they have not been seen as adaptation measures as such. By the end of 2012, 16 out of 18 regions had published a climate strategy, which included a certain degree of adaptation as well. In 2012, approximately 40 per cent of municipalities were underta ...
... or municipal level for quite a long time, though they have not been seen as adaptation measures as such. By the end of 2012, 16 out of 18 regions had published a climate strategy, which included a certain degree of adaptation as well. In 2012, approximately 40 per cent of municipalities were underta ...
Global Climate Risk Index 2006
... are there to adapt to the consequences of climate change. Weather events that cause damage play a central role in this context since their formation and their intensity are determined by climate and for this reason, changes in the future are to be expected. Even if the formation of an individual wea ...
... are there to adapt to the consequences of climate change. Weather events that cause damage play a central role in this context since their formation and their intensity are determined by climate and for this reason, changes in the future are to be expected. Even if the formation of an individual wea ...
The Relevance of the No-Harm Principle to Climate Change Law
... projects with a focus on certain environmental issues, contrasts sharply with the restorative obligations of a state responsible for an internationally wrongful act. Although the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) requires developed states to “assist [developing states] that are part ...
... projects with a focus on certain environmental issues, contrasts sharply with the restorative obligations of a state responsible for an internationally wrongful act. Although the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) requires developed states to “assist [developing states] that are part ...
Extreme Events
... and predictably. Often these biases are caused by the model’s resolution. For example, the 10 km resolution of the Climate Futures for Tasmania simulations means that steep ridgelines may not be captured, so the resulting rain shadow on the downwind side of the ridge is not represented in the simula ...
... and predictably. Often these biases are caused by the model’s resolution. For example, the 10 km resolution of the Climate Futures for Tasmania simulations means that steep ridgelines may not be captured, so the resulting rain shadow on the downwind side of the ridge is not represented in the simula ...
NAP-GSP Support to Developing Countries
... development of a new project concept focused on coordination, climate information, and the economics of adaptation modelling. A stakeholder workshop in March 2015; followed by a sensitization workshop for decision-makers. Stocktaking report prepared; it will be used by the Government to assess the i ...
... development of a new project concept focused on coordination, climate information, and the economics of adaptation modelling. A stakeholder workshop in March 2015; followed by a sensitization workshop for decision-makers. Stocktaking report prepared; it will be used by the Government to assess the i ...
Coffee and Climate Change
... perspectives of farmers indicates that 57% of farmers lost coffee in 2006, 27% due to excess rainfall and 26% due to lack of rain. Overall 39% of respondents were concerned about effects on coffee of drought, 30% heavy rains, and 23% hurricanes. Most considered the frequency of these events has incr ...
... perspectives of farmers indicates that 57% of farmers lost coffee in 2006, 27% due to excess rainfall and 26% due to lack of rain. Overall 39% of respondents were concerned about effects on coffee of drought, 30% heavy rains, and 23% hurricanes. Most considered the frequency of these events has incr ...
Hot Damned America: Evangelicalism and the Climate Change
... force to be reckoned with, making up roughly 30 percent of the American population.2 Second, and perhaps more important, the response to climate change within the evangelical community has been quite discordant, thereby offering valuable insight into the complex and oft-misunderstood group labeled “ ...
... force to be reckoned with, making up roughly 30 percent of the American population.2 Second, and perhaps more important, the response to climate change within the evangelical community has been quite discordant, thereby offering valuable insight into the complex and oft-misunderstood group labeled “ ...
Climate change impacts on New Zealand
... walk willingly than if you are pushed along in ignorance. In many instances our understanding of the expected changes and impacts is still patchy, and many uncertainties remain. But this does not mean we can be complacent about these changes, expecting to deal with them “later”. It takes a long time ...
... walk willingly than if you are pushed along in ignorance. In many instances our understanding of the expected changes and impacts is still patchy, and many uncertainties remain. But this does not mean we can be complacent about these changes, expecting to deal with them “later”. It takes a long time ...
Climate predictability - Institut Català de Ciències del Clima
... slow-varying changes associated with global warming. This dissertation particularly focus on these two topics. On the one hand, a new precursory signal is introduced to improve the forecast and our understanding of El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon, which represents the most prominent modulat ...
... slow-varying changes associated with global warming. This dissertation particularly focus on these two topics. On the one hand, a new precursory signal is introduced to improve the forecast and our understanding of El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon, which represents the most prominent modulat ...
adaptation to climate change: international policy options
... must deal squarely with adaptation—coping with those impacts that cannot be avoided. This is both a matter of need, as climate change is now underway, and a matter of equity, as its impacts fall disproportionately on those least able to bear them. It also may be a condition for further progress on m ...
... must deal squarely with adaptation—coping with those impacts that cannot be avoided. This is both a matter of need, as climate change is now underway, and a matter of equity, as its impacts fall disproportionately on those least able to bear them. It also may be a condition for further progress on m ...
adapt to climate change
... and animals depend for survival. Waterbirds are the most widely used tool to identify, designate and justify the protection of important wetlands. Their sensitivity to environmental change, the relative ease with which they can be counted and their tendency to congregate at key locations make them e ...
... and animals depend for survival. Waterbirds are the most widely used tool to identify, designate and justify the protection of important wetlands. Their sensitivity to environmental change, the relative ease with which they can be counted and their tendency to congregate at key locations make them e ...
Salick BygKonchar_Tibetan Agriculture and Climate
... Using participatory approaches, Tibetan calendars and land use maps were drawn by Tibetan villagers in the Khawa Karpo area of northwest Yunnan. Villagers were then asked to identify changes in both calendars and land use over the last 20-50 years, identify the effects of climate change, and describ ...
... Using participatory approaches, Tibetan calendars and land use maps were drawn by Tibetan villagers in the Khawa Karpo area of northwest Yunnan. Villagers were then asked to identify changes in both calendars and land use over the last 20-50 years, identify the effects of climate change, and describ ...
Nature Communications Review Integrating Pliocene Geological
... regional patterns of surface temperature change to construct conceptual models and proposing mechanisms and drivers of global and regional change. The modest CO2 increase reconstructed for the mPWP was calculated to be capable of producing a radiative forcing of approximately 2 Wm-2. This may have b ...
... regional patterns of surface temperature change to construct conceptual models and proposing mechanisms and drivers of global and regional change. The modest CO2 increase reconstructed for the mPWP was calculated to be capable of producing a radiative forcing of approximately 2 Wm-2. This may have b ...
Acceleration technique for Milankovitch type forcing in a coupled
... Palaeoclimatic modelling studies, aiming at reconstruction of past climate states, are usually performed either on the basis of time slices or time dependent (transient) simulations. Restricted by computer resources, atmospheric and oceanic general circulation models (AOGCMs) have at first been used ...
... Palaeoclimatic modelling studies, aiming at reconstruction of past climate states, are usually performed either on the basis of time slices or time dependent (transient) simulations. Restricted by computer resources, atmospheric and oceanic general circulation models (AOGCMs) have at first been used ...
CLIMATE CHANGE 2014 Mitigation of Climate Change
... Decarbonizing electricity generation is a key component of cost-effective mitigation strategies. The share of low carbon power generation exceeds 80 % in most low CO2 concentration stabilization scenarios in 2050. Share of low-carbon energy in total primary energy, electricity and liquid supply sec ...
... Decarbonizing electricity generation is a key component of cost-effective mitigation strategies. The share of low carbon power generation exceeds 80 % in most low CO2 concentration stabilization scenarios in 2050. Share of low-carbon energy in total primary energy, electricity and liquid supply sec ...
Chicago Area Climate Change Quick Guide
... other stakeholders requires reducing greenhouse gas emissions and building resiliency, i.e. the capacity to adapt as climate changes. Cities have always been exposed to climate-related risks, such as flooding and extreme temperature. However, today, the climate change is increasing those risks and d ...
... other stakeholders requires reducing greenhouse gas emissions and building resiliency, i.e. the capacity to adapt as climate changes. Cities have always been exposed to climate-related risks, such as flooding and extreme temperature. However, today, the climate change is increasing those risks and d ...
Potential effects of climate change and rising CO2 on ecosystem
... occasionally corrected through a combination of sensitivity analyses and investigation into alternative data sources (e.g., Ollinger and Smith 2005). Errors associated with poorly understood mechanisms are more difficult to address and often require additional research. 2.4 Climate and Environmental ...
... occasionally corrected through a combination of sensitivity analyses and investigation into alternative data sources (e.g., Ollinger and Smith 2005). Errors associated with poorly understood mechanisms are more difficult to address and often require additional research. 2.4 Climate and Environmental ...
Communicating climate change in mainstream
... hone it to meet the specific needs of their investors, who are looking to appraise the significance of climate change for the business from a financial perspective. This advice does not represent a new requirement, and nor should following this advice create duplication of effort – and in many cases ...
... hone it to meet the specific needs of their investors, who are looking to appraise the significance of climate change for the business from a financial perspective. This advice does not represent a new requirement, and nor should following this advice create duplication of effort – and in many cases ...
PDF
... vineyards and agroforestry will become more problematic. Investing in ecological assets in rural regions, especially where these assets may become stranded by climate change, also will be increasingly problematic. ...
... vineyards and agroforestry will become more problematic. Investing in ecological assets in rural regions, especially where these assets may become stranded by climate change, also will be increasingly problematic. ...
ethics and climate change cost-benefit analysis: stern and after
... (such as the survey and wage differentials methods just described) are fed into the CBA as they stand, then the lives of poor people will be given a lower value than those of the rich. More specifically, the decreased risk of death, arising from policies which reduce climate change, attracts a lower ...
... (such as the survey and wage differentials methods just described) are fed into the CBA as they stand, then the lives of poor people will be given a lower value than those of the rich. More specifically, the decreased risk of death, arising from policies which reduce climate change, attracts a lower ...
CHAPTER 9 POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE FOR THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST
... These year-to-year variations in the region’s climate show a clear cor relation with two large-scale patterns of climate variation over the Pacific,one more and one less well known. The El Niño/ Souther n Oscillation (ENSO) is an irregular oscillation with a period of 2 to 7 years,which is widely kn ...
... These year-to-year variations in the region’s climate show a clear cor relation with two large-scale patterns of climate variation over the Pacific,one more and one less well known. The El Niño/ Souther n Oscillation (ENSO) is an irregular oscillation with a period of 2 to 7 years,which is widely kn ...
Climate refugees in the 21st century
... deteriorating faster. Larger numbers of people are being forced to move or flee from the unbearable situation.6 According to the report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), three consequences of climate warming appear to be the most threatening potential causes of forced migratio ...
... deteriorating faster. Larger numbers of people are being forced to move or flee from the unbearable situation.6 According to the report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), three consequences of climate warming appear to be the most threatening potential causes of forced migratio ...
Mapping institutional fragmentation in the climate governance
... Where to draw the borders of governance architectures What constitutes a “governance architecture”, i.e. how wide should one cast the net? In regime literature, the concept of “issue area” is frequently used to define the net-size. In his early writing, Keohane described an issue area as “sets of i ...
... Where to draw the borders of governance architectures What constitutes a “governance architecture”, i.e. how wide should one cast the net? In regime literature, the concept of “issue area” is frequently used to define the net-size. In his early writing, Keohane described an issue area as “sets of i ...
Michael E. Mann
Michael E. Mann (born 1965) is an American climatologist and geophysicist, currently director of the Earth System Science Center at Pennsylvania State University, who has contributed to the scientific understanding of historic climate change based on the temperature record of the past thousand years. He has pioneered techniques to find patterns in past climate change, and to isolate climate signals from ""noisy data"".As lead author of a paper produced in 1998 with co-authors Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes, Mann introduced innovative statistical techniques to find regional variations in a hemispherical climate reconstruction covering the past 600 years. In 1999 the same team used these techniques to produce a reconstruction over the past 1,000 years (MBH99) which was dubbed the ""hockey stick graph"" because of its shape. He was one of 8 lead authors of the ""Observed Climate Variability and Change"" chapter of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Third Scientific Assessment Report published in 2001. A graph based on the MBH99 paper was highlighted in several parts of the report, and was given wide publicity. The IPCC acknowledged that his work, along with that of the many other lead authors and review editors, contributed to the award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize, which was won jointly by the IPCC and Al Gore.He was organizing committee chair for the National Academy of Sciences Frontiers of Science in 2003 and has received a number of honors and awards including selection by Scientific American as one of the fifty leading visionaries in science and technology in 2002. In 2012 he was inducted as a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union and was awarded the Hans Oeschger Medal of the European Geosciences Union. In 2013 he was elected a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society, and awarded the status of distinguished professor in Penn State's College of Earth and Mineral Sciences.Mann is author of more than 160 peer-reviewed and edited publications, and has published two books: Dire Predictions: Understanding Global Warming in 2008 and The Hockey Stick and the Climate Wars: Dispatches from the Front Lines, published in early 2012. In 2013 the European Geosciences Union described his publication record as ""outstanding for a scientist of his relatively young age"". He is also a co-founder and contributor to the climatology blog RealClimate.